Shafaq Nur Hanim (Arabic: شفق نور هانم; Turkish: Şevkinur Hanım; died 17 March 1884) was the fourth wife of Khedive Isma'il Pasha and was Walida Pasha to their son Tewfik Pasha, the next Khedive of Egypt and Sudan.
| Shafaq Nur Hanim | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fourth Princess Walida Pasha | |||||
 | |||||
| Princess consort of Egypt | |||||
| Tenure | 1866 – 26 June 1879 | ||||
| Khediva Mother of Egypt | |||||
| Tenure | 26 June 1879 – 17 March 1884 | ||||
| Predecessor | Hoshiyar Hanim | ||||
| Successor | Emina of Ilhamy | ||||
| Born | 1833 | ||||
| Died | 17 March 1884 (aged 50–51) Qasr el-'Âli Palace, Cairo, Khedivate of Egypt | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | |||||
| |||||
| House | Alawiyya (by marriage) | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Early years
editShafaq Nur Hanim had been a servant in the household of Isma'il's mother Hoshiyar Qadin in the harem of the Muhammad Ali dynasty via the Circassian slave trade. When Isma'il was about twenty years old, his mother presented him with Shafaq Nur (as a concubine). He began his sexual activity under the watchful eye of his mother. Shafaq Nur gave birth to his second child, and his first surviving son, Tewfik Pasha, on 30 April 1852 at the Qasr al-Maniyal Palace. Although Isma'il had married the first three princesses ahead of Shafaq Nur, she undoubtedly had high standing in his harem as the mother of his oldest son and as a former member of his mother's household.[2]
She was often referred to in the sources as "Walida" or "Mother". In 1866, fourteen years after Tewfik's birth, Ismail married Shafaq Nur as the Egyptian law required to marry the mother of the heir apparent, and elevated her to the position of the "Fourth Princess". Not long after, she and her son established a separate residence in al-Qubba Palace.[2][3] She took her due place with the other wives of Ismail Pasha on all state occasions.[4] In Egypt she was known as Deurtundju Hanim or Fourth Lady.[5] She mostly wore traditional Ottoman garments, featuring a few western details.[1]
As Walida Pasha
editIsma'il was deposed by the Sultan Abdul Hamid II acting on the advice of the European powers, on 26 June 1879, and his son became the Khedive and Shafaq Nur became the Walida Pasha. Shafak Nur exerted considerable influence on him emerging as his staunch defender as the royal family split on the 'Urabi revolution. Alexander Meyrick Broadley, the British lawyer who defender general 'Urabi, described the way she subjected the princesses of the royal family who supported the leader of the revolution to a tongue lashing for their disloyalty and promising to severely punish them.[6]
Death
editShafaq Nur Hanim died at the Kasr al-'Ali Palace on 17 March 1884, and was buried in the Khedival Mausoleum, Al-Rifa'i Mosque, Cairo.[7]
In popular culture
editIn the 2014 Egyptian historical drama series Saraya Abdeen, Shafaq Nur is portrayed by Egyptian actress May Kassab.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Tanman, M (2011). Nil kıyısından Boğaziçi'ne : Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Paşa Hanedanı'nın İstanbul'daki izleri = From the shores of the Nile to the Bosphorus : traces of Kavalalı Mehmed Ali Pasha Dynasty in İstanbul (in Turkish). İstanbul: İstanbul Araştırmaları Enstitüsu. p. 45. ISBN 978-975-9123-95-6. OCLC 811064965.
- ^ a b Cuno, Kenneth M. (April 1, 2015). Modernizing Marriage: Family, Ideology, and Law in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Egypt. Syracuse University Press. pp. 33–4. ISBN 978-0-815-65316-5.
- ^ Doumani, Beshara (February 1, 2012). Family History in the Middle East: Household, Property, and Gender. SUNY Press. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-791-48707-5.
- ^ Chennells, Ellen (November 20, 2014). Recollections of an Egyptian Princess by Her English Governess: (1871-1876, New Intro, Annotated). BIG BYTE BOOKS.
- ^ Chennells, E. (1893). Recollections of an Egyptian Princess. William Blackwood. p. 8.
- ^ Hatem, Mervat F. (April 12, 2011). Literature, Gender, and Nation-Building in Nineteenth-Century Egypt: The Life and Works of 'A'isha Taymur. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-230-11860-7.
- ^ "His Highness Hidiv Ismail Paşa Hidiv of Misir (Egypt), Sudan and Taşoz". Retrieved 7 December 2020.
- ^ "Saraya Abdeen (TV Series 2014– )". IMDb. Retrieved 2023-12-16.