Sha Lo Wan (Chinese: 沙螺灣) is a bay in the northwest Lantau Island, Hong Kong. The bay faces north to Hong Kong International Airport. The area is occupied by indigenous inhabitants. There is no vehicular access to the area and thus their communication is on foot or by ferry.[1] Because of their inconvenient access to urban areas, villages in the area have suffered from depopulation. Only older generations live in these villages.
Villages in the area include Sha Lo Wan Tsuen (沙螺灣村; 'Sha Lo Wan Village'), Sha Lo Wan San Tsuen (沙螺灣新村; 'Sha Lo Wan New Village') and Sha Lo Wan Chung Hau (沙螺灣涌口).
Administration
editSha Lo Wan is a recognized village under the New Territories Small House Policy.[2]
History
editSha Lo Wan was noted for its incense production during the Ming dynasty.[3] Following the orders imposed by the Great Clearance, the village was evacuated, together with the whole of Lantau Island. People were allowed to return to settle on the island in 1669, but Sha Lo Wan was not resettled at that time.[4]
Sha Lo Wan Tsuen was probably erected in the 18th century, as a Ba Kong Temple (把港古廟; 'guarding the bay') dedicated to Hung Shing was built by the villagers in 1774 at the northwest of the village, close to the seashore. Villagers were engaged in fishing and farming. The population was small reaching up to a few hundred before the Second World War. Being close to the sea, the village was often attacked by pirates and bandits. In the late 1930s, it was occupied by a group of pirates for one year.[5]
Tungsten was discovered in Sha Lo Wan, and its ore was quarried in the area in the 1950s, leading to a population increase, which reached 4,000 in 1971. The population has dropped again since the 1970s.[5]
Features
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The bay is a preserved tropical natural environment. Thick and high trunks of trees can be found in the area.
Sha Lo Wan Tsuen was constructed in the form of four parallel rows of houses. A 3m high village entrance gate, built about 200 years ago of granite blocks and slabs, remains in the north of the village, while the attached defensive wall has been demolished.[5] There are three ancestral halls in the village.[6]
Two adjacent temples are located at Sha Lo Wan, near the coast. The Ba Kong Temple, dedicated to Hung Shing, was built in 1774.[7] To its right is a Tin Hau Temple, built in 1919. A wall is connecting the two temples at the front façade.[8] They are sometimes collectively referred to as "Ba Kong Temple and Tin Hau Palace" (把港古廟及天后宮).[9]
Besides the small Sha Lo Wan Playground, the village only other attraction is Tung Chung Sha Lo Wan Beach.
Events
editThe Sha Lo Wan Village Office (沙螺灣鄉公所) and the Hung Shing Festival Committee of Lantau Island hold an annual Hung Shing Festival (洪聖誕) in Sha Lo Wan from the 10th to the 13th day of the seventh lunar month. Celebrations include worship of deities and Cantonese opera performances.[10]
Incidents
editIn 2013, Sha Lo Wan villagers were dissatisfied that the government had shelved a 6.5-kilometer-long coastal road from Tung Chung to Tai O, stifling the development of the village. Since November, the village has been indefinitely closed on holidays. More than forty villagers blocked road at the east and west entrances to prevent a large number of people from pouring into the village during the holidays and causing nuisance to the villagers. The Sha Lo Wan Village Concern Group emphasized that the village road will not be reopened until the government has given a satisfactory answer.
Subsequently, the village is closed again on 30 September 2020, and the iron gates entering the village were closed. The notice claimed that the village had been closed in 2014, but it was attacked by some tourists and endangered the lives and property of the villagers. Therefore, non-Sha Lo Wan Village residents and all government departments and public institutions are prohibited to enter the Sha Lo Wan Village, otherwise they will be regarded as thieves.[11] The Lands Department alleged that the iron gate entering the village violated regulations and was cleared on 9 October. But afterwards, some villagers continued to block the roads by themselves, holding long sticks and so on to drive away the citizens, and verbally criticized the cyclists, runners or hikers who passed by.[12] Later, the media revealed that the roads near Sham Wat and Sham Shek villages were illegally dug, and the illegally expanded roads were one kilometer long; in addition, the villagers ignored the warnings from the authorities and added at least three new iron gates as railings and wrote "No entry except authorized" warning sign. Some environmental protection groups criticized the government for failing to enforce the law in the past few weeks and tolerating villagers to damage the environment to expand roads. This may cause more development pressure in the future, and the environmental damage will be beyond control.[13]
Access
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By foot
editSha Lo Wan is situated on the trail from Tai O to Tung Chung, known as the Tung O Ancient Trail (東澳古道) that heads east along Tung Chung Bay.[14]
Other
editThere is no vehicular access to the area, but the construction of a road linking Tai O and Tung Chung, and serving Sha Lo Wan, has been proposed in 2014.[1]
The area is served by ferries operated by Fortune Ferry[15] to Tung Chung, Tai O and Tuen Mun at the end of Sha Lo Wan Pier.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Sha Lo Wan (1993–2016) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.8 (83.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
32.6 (90.7) |
33.6 (92.5) |
35.3 (95.5) |
35.3 (95.5) |
36.2 (97.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
32.7 (90.9) |
30.8 (87.4) |
36.7 (98.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.3 (66.7) |
20.3 (68.5) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.2 (79.2) |
29.7 (85.5) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.7 (89.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
29.1 (84.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
26.7 (80.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.7 (60.3) |
16.8 (62.2) |
19.5 (67.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.2 (79.2) |
27.9 (82.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.3 (81.1) |
25.3 (77.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
23.2 (73.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.0 (55.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.7 (74.7) |
25.7 (78.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
24.9 (76.8) |
22.8 (73.0) |
18.9 (66.0) |
14.5 (58.1) |
20.6 (69.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) |
4.2 (39.6) |
6.7 (44.1) |
9.9 (49.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
14.9 (58.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
2.5 (36.5) |
1.6 (34.9) |
| Source: Hong Kong Observatory[16] | |||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b Lantau Development Advisory Committee: Construction of an East-West Coastal Road in North Lantau (proposal), November 2014
- ^ "List of Recognized Villages under the New Territories Small House Policy" (PDF). Lands Department. September 2009.
- ^ 蕭, 國健 (May 1990). 香港前代社會 'The Society of Hong Kong of Previous Dynasties' (in Chinese) (2nd ed.). Hong Kong: Zhonghua Book Company. p. 67. ISBN 962-231-744-8.
- ^ Siu, Anthony Kwok-kin (1989). "Tai Yu Shan from Chinese Historical Records" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch. 29: 396. ISSN 1991-7295. Retrieved 24 October 2014.
- ^ a b c Antiquities Advisory Board. Historic Building Appraisal. Entrance Gate, Sha Lo Wan Tsuen
- ^ Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment, July 2009
- ^ Brief Information on No Grade Items, pp.263-264 Archived 2012-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Brief Information on No Grade Items, pp.229-230 Archived 2012-10-15 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Chinese Temples Committee: Pa Kong Ancient Temple & Tin Hau Palace
- ^ "First Intangible Cultural Heritage Inventory of Hong Kong" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2015. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ 沙螺灣惡村民設鐵閘私自封村阻行山者 消防救援受阻被迫「爬閘」 Archived 3 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine(in Chinese)
- ^ 沙螺灣村擅落閘地政總署清拆 居民堵路阻外人(in Chinese)
- ^ "沙螺灣村霸官地封村大閘拆完再起 疑非法擴建行車路長達1公里". 東方日報. 25 October 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.(in Chinese)
- ^ "Deploying Design Thinking Approach in the Design on Revitalization of Tung O Ancient Trail and Nearby Villages (2020)". Sustainable Lantau Office of the Civil Engineering and Development Department.
- ^ Fortune Ferry timetable
- ^ "Extract of Annual Data - Sha Lo Wan, 1993-2016". Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
Further reading
edit- Hamilton, Eric; Schofield, Walter; Peplow, S. H.; Tsui, Paul; Coates, Austin; Hayes, James (2010). "Lantao North Coast: Tai O to Tung Chung". In Strickland, John (ed.). Southern District Officer Reports: Islands and Villages in Rural Hong Kong, 1910-60. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 65–68. ISBN 9789888028382.
External links
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- Delineation of area of existing village Sha Lo Wan (Tai O) for election of resident representative (2019 to 2022)
- Hung Shing Festival in Sha Lo Wan (in Chinese)
- Archaeological Survey Report at Sha Lo Wan (West) Southern Headland (March 2007)
- Antiquities Advisory Board Pictures of Entrance Gate, Sha Lo Wan Tsuen
- Picture of Sha Lo Wan Pier