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The Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, also known as the SDN List, is a United States government sanctions/embargo measure targeting U.S.-designated terrorists, officials and beneficiaries of certain authoritarian regimes, and international criminals (e.g. drug traffickers). The list is managed by the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).[1] When individuals are added to the list of Specially Designated Nationals (SDN), their U.S. assets are blocked. Moreover, their names are added to automated screening systems used by banks in the United States and many foreign countries, making it difficult for them to open or hold accounts, transfer money, or transact properties internationally.[2] Any individual or entity that provides support related to terrorism, drug trafficking or unauthorized military use to any person or entity appearing on the SDN list risks being penalized under the USA PATRIOT Act.[3]
The SDN list contains tens of thousands[4] of individuals and entities that have been identified as posing threats to U.S. national security and foreign policy.[5] All individuals and entities within the U.S. are prohibited from doing business with them or are subject to sanctions for violating the law. Financial sanctions include a ban on investment in the stock of the blacklisted individuals and entities in which the blacklisted individuals have a controlling interest, and a ban on new debt (including all securities such as bonds, credits, bills of exchange, etc.) with a maturity of more than 90 days. After the 2014 annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the U.S. blacklisted a number of Russian and Crimean companies for sanctions.[6] Almost every country is represented on the list.[7]
Notable sanctioned persons
editBelarus
edit- Alexander Lukashenko – President of the Republic of Belarus
- Mikalai Karpiankou – Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs
- Ivan Tertel – Chairman of the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus
- Natallia Eismant – Press secretary of Alexander Lukashenko
- Viktor Khrenin – Minister of Defense[8]
China
edit- Chen Quanguo – Chinese Communist Party 19th Politburo member
- Zhang Chunxian - Chinese Communist Party 18th Politburo member
- Wang Chen – Chinese Communist Party 19th Politburo member
- Zhang Xiaoming – Former deputy director of the State Council's Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office
- You Quan – Former Head of CCP's United Front Work Department
- Li Shangfu – Former State Councilor and Minister of National Defence
- Cai Dafeng - Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Cao Jianming - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Chen Zhu - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Padma Choling - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Ding Zhongli - Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Hao Mingjin - Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Arken Imirbaki - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Ji Bingxuan - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Shen Yueyue - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Wan Exiang - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Wang Dongming - Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Wu Weihua - Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Zhu Hailun - Former Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Wang Mingshan - Secretary of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Political and Legal Affairs Commission
- Huo Liujun - Former Communist Party Secretary of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regional Public Security Department
Hong Kong SAR
edit- Carrie Lam – 4th Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2017–2022)[9]
- Chris Tang – 5th Secretary for Security (2021–present)[10]
- Teresa Cheng – 4th Secretary for Justice of Hong Kong (2018–2022)[11]
- John Lee – 5th Chief Executive of Hong Kong (2022–present)[12]
Macau SAR
edit- Wan Kuok-koi – Former leader of the Macau gang 14K[13]
Iran
edit- Esmail Qaani – Commander of the Quds Force of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps[14]
- Ayatollah Ali Khamenei – Supreme Leader of Iran[15]
- Mohammad Javad Zarif – Former foreign minister of Iran[16]
- Amir Ali Hajizadeh – Commander of Aerospace Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps[17]
- Mahmoud Ahmadinejad – Former President of Iran[18]
Libya
edit- Saif al-Islam Gaddafi – Son of Muammar Gaddafi, leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya[19]
North Korea
edit- Kim Yong-chol – Head of the United Front Department [20]
North Macedonia
edit- Sašo Mijalkov – Former Administration for Security and Counterintelligence of Republic of North Macedonia[21]
- Nikola Gruevski – Former Prime Minister of the Republic of North Macedonia[21]
- Stevčo Jakimovski from Podrzi Konj - Leader of the Citizen Option for Macedonia and a mayor of the Karpoš Municipality and a former member of the Social Democratic Union.
Philippines
edit- Apollo Quiboloy – Filipino pastor and the leader of the Kingdom of Jesus Christ (KOJC or KJC)[22][23]
Russia
edit- Vladimir Putin – President of the Russian Federation.[24]
- Dmitry Medvedev – Former President of the Russian Federation.[25]
- Petr Fradkov – Russian economist and banker serving as the chairman and CEO of Promsvyazbank and the general director of the Russian Export Center.[26]
- Valery Gerasimov – current Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.[27]
- Sergei Ivanov – Russian senior official and politician who has served as the Special Representative of the President of the Russian Federation on the Issues of Environmental Activities, Ecology and Transport since 12 August 2016.[8]
- Vladimir Kiriyenko – chairman and CEO of VK (formerly known as Mail.ru Group)[28][26]
- Sergei Lavrov – Russian diplomat and politician who has served as the Foreign Minister of Russia since 2004.[27]
- Nikolai Patrushev – Russian politician, security officer and intelligence officer. He served as Director of the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB),[a] from 1999 to 2008, and he has been Secretary of the Security Council of Russia since 2008.[29][27]
- Igor Sechin – Russian oligarch and a government official, considered a close ally and "de facto deputy" of Vladimir Putin.[30][27]
- Sergei Shoigu – General of the Army who serves as Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS since 2012.[27]
- Maria Zakharova – Russian Foreign Ministry's spokeswoman.[31]
- Tina Kandelaki – Russian-Georgian journalist, Deputy CEO of Gazprom Media, acting director of Russian federal TV channel TNT; alongside Kandelaki, her husband Vasily Brovko has also been added to the list.[32]
- Alexander Dugin – Ultranationalist politician and leader of the Eurasia Party[33][26]
- Margarita Simonyan – Editor-in-Chief of state media outlet RT and Rossiya Segodnya.[34][35]
- Dmitry Kiselyov – Russian TV presenter and CEO of Rossiya Segodnya.[36]
- Igor Girkin – Russian army veteran and former Minister of Defence of the Donetsk People's Republic, charged by Dutch prosecutors for the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17[37][26]
Syria
edit- Bashar al Assad – President of Syrian Arab Republic[38]
- Asma al Assad – First Lady of Syria[39]
- Maher al Assad – General and commander of the Republican Guard[40]
Venezuela
edit- Nicolás Maduro – President of Venezuela[41]
- Delcy Rodríguez – Vice President of Venezuela[42]
- Tareck El Aissami – Minister of Petroleum (Venezuela)[43]
Other
edit- Marinko Čavara – Former President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina[44]
- Svetozar Marović – Former President of Serbia and Montenegro[21]
- Milorad Dodik – President of Republika Srpska[45]
- Ali Ahmed Karti – Former foreign minister of Sudan[46]
- Sadio Camara – Defence Minister of Mali[47]
- Falih Al-Fayyadh – Chairman of the Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces and former National Security Advisor[48]
Former (deceased)
edit- Anwar al-Awlaki[49] – (until 2011) – American-born al-Qaeda leader, killed by drone strike in Yemen
- Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis – (until 2020) Deputy head of Iraq's Popular Mobilization Forces and commander of Kata'ib Hezbollah
- Bi Sidi Souleymane – (until 2021) Former leader of the Central African Republic-based militia group Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation
- Ebrahim Raisi – (until 2024) Former President of Iran[50]
- Saddam Hussein – (until 2006) Former President of Iraq[51]
- Slobodan Milošević – (until 2006) Former President of Serbia/Serbia and Montenegro (Yugoslavia)
- Qasem Soleimani – (until 2020) Former Commander of the Quds Force of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps[52]
- Muammar Gaddafi – (until 2011) Former Leader of Libya[53]
- Yevgeny Prigozhin – (until 2023) Russian tycoon and founder of Wagner Group, a private mercenary army.[54]
Former (alive)
edit- Fatou Bensouda – (until 2021) Former Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, sanctioned for investigating allegations of war crimes in Afghanistan, Poland, Romania and Lithuania committed by the United States Armed Forces and the Central Intelligence Agency.[55][56]
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ rob (2017-11-23). "Keine PCs für Vereine – wegen US-Blacklist". 20 Minuten (in German). Archived from the original on 2021-09-04. Retrieved 2017-11-23.
- ^ Knights, Michael (6 December 2019). "Punishing Iran's Triggermen in Iraq: Opening Moves in a Long Campaign". The Washington Institute.
- ^ "What is a Specially Designated National (SDN)?". sanctions.io. November 8, 2022.
- ^ Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List，US Treasury, 2020/8/7, 1421 pages
- ^ "Basel: Keine PCs für Vereine – wegen US-Blacklist". 20 Minuten. Nov 23, 2017. Retrieved Sep 25, 2020.
- ^ "U.S. sanctions companies, people over Russia actions in Ukraine". Reuters. 20 December 2016.
- ^ Areddy, James T. (5 April 2021). "China Creates its Own Digital Currency, a First for Major Economy".Wall Street Journal website. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ a b "Russia-related Designations; Belarus Designations; Issuance of Russia-related Directive 2 and 3; Issuance of Russia-related and Belarus General Licenses; Publication of new and updated Frequently Asked Questions". U.S. Department of the Treasury.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "制裁崩牙駒｜美宣佈制裁澳門江湖猛人尹國駒 藉一帶一路擴張東南亞犯罪活動". Apple Daily (in Chinese). 2020-12-11. Archived from the original on 2021-01-13. Retrieved 2020-12-16.
- ^ "Esmail Qaani, the new leader of Iran's Quds Force". Fox News. 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Issuance of Executive Order of June 24, 2019, "Imposing Sanctions with Respect to Iran;" Iran-related Designations; Counter Terrorism Designations". U.S. Department of the Treasury. June 24, 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
- ^ "Iran Foreign Minister Javad Zarif OFAC Designation". ofaclawyer.net.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search (SDN List)". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "Libyan-related Designations and Designations Removals".
- ^ "DPRKrelated Designations and Designations Removals". www-m.cnn.com. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
- ^ a b c "Balkans-related Designations and Designations Removals". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 2022-04-11.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "US imposes sanctions on Quiboloy for 'serious human rights abuse'". RAPPLER. December 10, 2022. Archived from the original on December 11, 2022. Retrieved December 11, 2022.
- ^ "SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS LIST UPDATE". US Department of the Treasury. 25 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
The following individuals have been added to OFAC's SDN List: ... PUTIN, Vladimir Vladimirovich (Cyrillic: ПУТИН, Владимир Владимирович) (a.k.a. PUTIN, Vladimir (Cyrillic: ПУТИН, Владимир)), Kremlin, Moscow, Russia; Novo-Ogaryevo, Moscow Region, Russia; Bocharov Ruchey, Sochi, Russia; Valdai, Novgorod Region, Russia; DOB 07 Oct 1952; POB Leningrad, Russia; nationality Russia; citizen Russia; Gender Male; President of the Russian Federation (individual) [RUSSIA-EO14024].
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ a b c d "Russia-related Designations; Issuance of Russia-related Directive 1A and General Licenses; Publication of new and updated Frequently Asked Questions". U.S. Department of the Treasury.
- ^ a b c d e "Russia-related Designations". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2022-02-25.
- ^ "Vladimir Kirienko". vk.company.
- ^ "Learn about the top 10 Most Influential Politicians of Russia". June 23, 2018.
- ^ The Guardian. 12 January 2017. Page 6.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search (Mariya Vladimirovna Zakharova)". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search (Tina Kandelaki)". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "Ukraine-related Designations and Designations Removals".
- ^ "Russia-related Designations; Issuance of Russia-related General License; Publication of Russian Sanctions Evasion Alert; Publication of Amended Russia-related Frequently Asked Question". ofac.treasury.gov. 4 September 2024.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search (Margarita Simonovna Simonyan)". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search (Dmitry Konstantinovich Kiselev)". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "Ukraine-related Designations and Designations Removals".
- ^ "Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
- ^ "Syria-related Designations; Syria Designations and Designations Updates; Iran-related Designation Update; Counter Terrorism Designation Update". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
- ^ "Syria-related Designations and Designations Removals". ofac.treasury.gov.
- ^ "U.S. Blacklists the President of Venezuela as a Specially Designated National (SDN)". July 31, 2017.
- ^ "SPECIALLY DESIGNATED NATIONALS LIST UPDATE (VENEZUELA)". ofac.treasury.gov. 2018-09-25.
- ^ "Treasury Sanctions Prominent Venezuelan Drug Trafficker Tareck El Aissami". U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. February 13, 2017.
- ^ US Treasury, 6 June 2022
- ^ "U.S. Treasury Sanctions Members of Milorad Dodik's Family and Patronage Network". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2023-10-20.
- ^ "Treasury Designates Entities and Individual Exacerbating Sudan's Instability". U.S. Department of the Treasury. 2023-09-28.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "OFAC Sanctions List Search". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ United States Department of the Treasury (16 July 2010). "Treasury Designates Anwar Al-Aulaqi, Key Leader of Al-Qa'ida in the Arabian Peninsula". treasury.gov. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
Aulaqi was designated pursuant to Executive Order 13224 for supporting acts of terrorism and for acting for or on behalf of AQAP.
- ^ "Ebrahim Raisi". Counter Extremism Project.
- ^ "A Bulletin from the Office of Foreign Assets Control - June 24, 2003". fdic.gov.
- ^ "Punishing Iran's Triggermen in Iraq: Opening Moves in a Long Campaign". The Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
- ^ "Libya EO; Libyan Sanctions Designations;". treasury.gov.
- ^ "Sanctions List Search - Yevgeny Prigozhin". sanctionssearch.ofac.treas.gov.
- ^ "Blocking Property of Certain Persons Associated with the International Criminal Court Designations". ofac.treasury.gov.
- ^ "US revokes ICC prosecutor's visa over Afghanistan inquiry". theguardian.com.