Ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6 or eS6) is a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit and is therefore involved in translation. Mouse model studies have shown that phosphorylation of eS6 is involved in the regulation of cell size, cell proliferation, and glucose homeostasis.[5][6][7]
Studies show that the p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6K1 and S6K2) and p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinases (RSK) both phosphorylate eS6 and that S6K1 and S6K2 predominate this function.
Pathways leading to the induction of human eS6 phosphorylation have been found to enhance IL-8 protein synthesis. This mechanism is dependent on A/U-rich proximal sequences (APS) found in the 3'UTR of IL-8 immediately after the stop codon.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137154 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028495 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Ruvinsky I, Sharon N, Lerer T, Cohen H, Stolovich-Rain M, Nir T, et al. (September 2005). "Ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation is a determinant of cell size and glucose homeostasis". Genes & Development. 19 (18): 2199–211. doi:10.1101/gad.351605. PMC 1221890. PMID 16166381.
- ^ Ruvinsky I, Meyuhas O (June 2006). "Ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation: from protein synthesis to cell size". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 31 (6): 342–8. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2006.04.003. PMID 16679021.
- ^ Ruvinsky I, Katz M, Dreazen A, Gielchinsky Y, Saada A, Freedman N, et al. (May 2009). "Mice deficient in ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation suffer from muscle weakness that reflects a growth defect and energy deficit". PLOS ONE. 4 (5): e5618. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.5618R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005618. PMC 2682700. PMID 19479038.
- ^ Ang Z, Abdi Gunawan Koen R, Er JZ, Lee LT, Tam Kit Chung J, Guo H, Ding JL (2019). "Novel AU-rich proximal UTR sequences (APS) enhance CXCL8 synthesis upon the induction of rpS6 phosphorylation". PLOS Genet. 15 (4): e1008077. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008077. PMC 6476525. PMID 30969964.
External links
edit- Ribosomal+Protein+S6 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P62753 (Human 40S ribosomal protein S6) at the PDBe-KB.