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London Borough of Redbridge

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The London Borough of Redbridge is a London borough established in 1965.[1]

London Borough of Redbridge
London borough
Coat of arms of London Borough of Redbridge
Coat of arms
Official logo of London Borough of Redbridge
Council logo
Redbridge shown within Greater London
Redbridge shown within Greater London
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
RegionLondon
Ceremonial countyGreater London
Created1 April 1965
Admin HQIlford
Government
 • TypeLondon borough council
 • BodyRedbridge London Borough Council
 • London AssemblyKeith Prince (CON) AM for Havering and Redbridge
 • MPsCalvin Bailey (LAB)
Iain Duncan Smith (CON)
Jas Athwal (LAB)
Wes Streeting (LAB)
Area
 • Total
21.78 sq mi (56.41 km2)
 • Rank236th (of 296)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total
310,911
 • Rank44th (of 296)
 • Density14,000/sq mi (5,500/km2)
Time zoneUTC (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (BST)
Postcodes
E, IG, RM
Area code020
ISO 3166 codeGB-RDB
ONS code00BC
GSS codeE09000026
PoliceMetropolitan Police
Websitehttps://www.redbridge.gov.uk/

The borough shares boundaries with the Epping Forest District and the ceremonial county of Essex to the north, with the London Borough of Waltham Forest to the west, the London Borough of Havering to the east, the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in the south east, and the London Borough of Newham to the south west.

The principal settlements in the borough are Ilford, Wanstead and Woodford.

Etymology

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The name comes from a bridge over the River Roding which was demolished in 1921. The bridge was made of red brick, unlike other bridges in the area made of white stone. The name had first been applied to the Redbridge area and Redbridge tube station was opened in 1947. It was earlier known as Hocklee's Bridge.[2]

History

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The borough was formed in 1965 under the London Government Act 1963, covering the whole of the former municipal boroughs of Ilford and Wanstead and Woodford, plus smaller areas from the Municipal Borough of Dagenham and Chigwell Urban District, which were included to unite in one borough the Hainault area which had previously straddled Ilford, Dagenham and Chigwell.[3] The area was transferred from Essex to Greater London to become one of the 32 London Boroughs.[4]

Following a review by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England, minor changes were made on 1 April 1994 to the boundary with Barking & Dagenham[5] and Newham.[6] Further changes were made on 1 April 1995 to the boundary with Waltham Forest[7] and Epping Forest District.[8] The latter change transferred an area around Grange Hill and Roding Valley tube stations from Essex to Greater London.[8]

Geography

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Main article: List of districts in the London Borough of Redbridge

Parks and open spaces

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See also: Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Redbridge

Redbridge has more than 35 parks, playgrounds and open spaces. These include Hainault Forest Country Park, with 300 acres of countryside including adventure play areas, cafe and petting zoo; Roding Valley Park, a wildlife sanctuary with a range of flora and fauna and woodland areas; Valentines Park, including Valentines Mansion, ornamental gardens, bowling green and outdoor gym; and Claybury Woods and Park, a conservation area that features an ancient area of oak and hornbeam woodland, meadows and wildlife ponds.[9]

Arts and culture

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Valentines Mansion is a Georgian country house and gardens in the grounds of Valentines Park, Ilford.[10]

Kenneth More Theatre in Oakfield Road, Ilford opened in 1975.[11]

Redbridge Museum, which opened in 2000, is situated on the second floor of Redbridge Central Library, Clements Road, Ilford, along with the Redbridge Heritage Centre.[12][13]

The Embassy Cinema is an Art Deco former cinema in Chadwell Heath. It opened in 1934 and closed in 1966, but is currently the focus of a major restoration project.[14]

Libraries

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Redbridge has 11 libraries across the borough. This includes the Redbridge Central Library, in Clements Road, Ilford, which had a major refurbishment in 2012. The libraries offer a number of services including reading clubs, story time sessions, study areas and learning resources. The libraries in Redbridge are operated by Vision Redbridge Culture & Leisure, a Charitable Trust established by Redbridge Council and now operating independently.[15]

  • Aldersbrook Library
  • Fullwell Cross Library
  • Gants Hill Library
  • Goodmayes Library
  • Hainault Library
  • Redbridge Central Library (in Ilford town centre)
  • Keith Axon Library (in Chadwell Heath)
  • Seven Kings Library
  • South Woodford Library & Gym
  • Wanstead Library
  • Woodford Green Library & Gym

Governance

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Main article: Redbridge London Borough Council
 
Redbridge Town Hall on Ilford High Road

The local authority is Redbridge Council, which meets at Redbridge Town Hall (formerly Ilford Town Hall) and has its main offices at the nearby Lynton House.[16]

Greater London representation

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Since 2000, for elections to the London Assembly, the borough forms part of the Havering and Redbridge constituency.

Demographics

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Population pyramid of Redbridge in 2021

In 2011 the population of Redbridge was recorded at 278,970.[17] In common with the other London boroughs this continues a period of growth; between the 1991 and 2001 censuses the increase was 7.5%[18] with a further rise of 15.3% by 2011.[17] Redbridge has the third highest proportion of children and a higher-than-average proportion of older adults while the proportion of working age adults is slightly lower than average.[19] The population density was last recorded at 4,945 residents per km2 (the London regional density is 5,199, far higher than the England and Wales figure of 371).[17]

The healthy life expectancy (HLE) at birth for Redbridge residents stands at 65.5 years for males and 62.4 years for females (the England average HLE is 63.4 for males and 64.1 for females).[20]

Redbridge is one of the most ethnically diverse local authorities in the UK. 34% of respondents to the 2011 census stated that they were born outside the UK and 65.5% identified as belonging to an ethnic group other than white British.[21] Redbridge's largest ethnic group is White British (34.5%), followed by Indian (16.4%),[21] and Pakistani (Redbridge has the highest proportion of Pakistani residents of any London borough).[21]

Population census
YearPop.±%
1801 4,909—    
1811 6,317+28.7%
1821 7,829+23.9%
1831 8,572+9.5%
1841 9,290+8.4%
1851 9,921+6.8%
1861 16,409+65.4%
1871 22,897+39.5%
1881 29,385+28.3%
1891 51,250+74.4%
1901 77,621+51.5%
1911 117,735+51.7%
1921 152,209+29.3%
1931 196,790+29.3%
1941 230,876+17.3%
1951 270,876+17.3%
1961 254,605−6.0%
1971 239,337−6.0%
1981 224,724−6.1%
1991 231,198+2.9%
2001 238,628+3.2%
2011 278,970+16.9%
2021 310,261+11.2%
Note:[22]

Ethnic and religious change

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In common with many London boroughs, the 2011 census showed notable ethnic and religious population mobility in Redbridge. Ethnic groups whose proportions fell in Redbridge were White British (-23% of the borough's total), Irish (-0.9%), and Caribbean (-0.6%). Ethnic groups whose proportions rose include Pakistani (+4.9%), other Asians (+4.4%), Bangladeshis (+3.9%), and other White (+2.9%). Religious groups whose proportions fell in Redbridge were Christian (-13.9%) and Jews (-2.5%). For Jews this represented a fall of over 50% of their number in some wards. Religious groups whose proportions rose include Muslims (+11.4%) followed by Hindu (+3.6%).[21]

Ethnicity

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Ethnic makeup of Redbridge by single year ages in 2021
Ethnic Group Year
1971 estimations[23] 1981 estimations[24] 1991 census[25] 2001 census[26] 2011 census[27] 2021 census[28]
Number % Number % Number % Number % Number % Number %
White: Total – 96.3% 199,984 88% 181,134 78.3% 151,587 63.5% 118,646 42.6% 107,974 34.9%
White: British – – – – – – 137,097 57.5% 96,253 34.5% 71,844 23.2%
White: Irish – – – – – – 5,559 2.3% 3,900 1.4% 3,092 1.0%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller – – – – – – – – 140 0.1% 185 0.1%
White: Roma – – – – – – – – – – 1,104 0.4%
White: Other – – – – – – 8,931 3.7% 18,353 6.6% 31,749 10.2%
Asian or Asian British: Total – – 19,451 8.5% 37,177 16.1% 61,585 25.8% 116,503 41.7% 146,833 47.3%
Asian or Asian British: Indian – – 13130 24078 33,304 14.0% 45,660 16.4% 51,183 16.5%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani – – 3475 6552 14,888 6.2% 31,051 11.1% 44,000 14.2%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi – – 702 1976 4,224 1.8% 16,011 5.7% 31,895 10.3%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese – – 873 1574 1,962 0.8% 3,000 1.1% 2,918 0.9%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian – – 1271 2997 7,207 3.0% 20,781 7.4% 16,837 5.4%
Black or Black British: Total – – 5,877 2.6% 9,863 4.2% 18,112 7.6% 24,845 8.8% 26,096 8.4%
Black or Black British: African – – 1410 2545 7,827 3.3% 12,357 4.4% 14,573 4.7%
Black or Black British: Caribbean – – 3372 5691 9,126 3.8% 9,064 3.2% 8,452 2.7%
Black or Black British: Other Black – – 1095 1627 1,159 0.5% 3,424 1.2% 3,071 1.0%
Mixed or British Mixed: Total – – – – – – 5,831 4.2% 11,456 4.1% 12,736 4.2%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean – – – – – – 1,884 1.5% 3,204 1.1% 3,154 1.0%
Mixed: White and Black African – – – – – – 742 0.8% 1,692 0.6% 1,717 0.6%
Mixed: White and Asian – – – – – – 1,853 0.8% 3,251 1.2% 3,577 1.2%
Mixed: Other Mixed – – – – – – 1,352 2.5% 3,309 1.2% 4,288 1.4%
Other: Total – – 1837 3025 1,520 0.6% 7,520 2.7% 16,622 5.3%
Other: Arab – – – – – – – – 1,551 0.6% 2,263 0.7%
Other: Any other ethnic group – – – – – – 1,520 0.6% 5,969 2.1% 14,359 4.6%
Ethnic minority: Total – 3.7% 27,165 11.9% 50,065 21.7% 87,048 36.5% 160,324 57.3% 202,287 65.1%
Total – 100% 227,149 100% 231,199 100% 238,635 100.00% 278,970 100.00% 310,261 100%

Religion

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Religious make up of Redbridge by single year age groups in 2021
Religion in Redbridge[29]
Religion Per cent(%)
Muslim
 
 31.3%
Christian
 
 30.4%
No religion
 
 12.6%
Hindu
 
 11.1%
Undeclared
 
 5.7%
Sikh
 
 5.7%
Jewish
 
 2.1%
Other
 
 0.7%
Buddhist
 
 0.5%

According to the 2021 Census, the largest religious groupings are Muslims (31.3 per cent), followed by Christians (30.4 per cent), those of no religion (12.6 per cent), Hindus (11.1 per cent) no response (5.7 per cent), Sikhs (5.7 per cent), Jews (2.1 per cent), Buddhists (0.5 per cent) and other religions at (0.7 per cent).

The number of Christians in 2011 residing in Redbridge ranked fourth lowest in England and Wales, and 12 per cent below the London average of 48.4%. The number of Muslims in Redbridge has more than doubled since 2001.[30]

Religion 1995 estimates[31]
Number %
Christian – –
No religion – –
Muslim – –
Religion not stated – –
Hindu – –
Jewish 16,000 7.1%
Sikh – –
Other religion – –
Buddhist – –
Total – 100%

Transport

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Walking and cycling

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The Roding Valley Way is a designated walking and cycling route between Woodford and Ilford.[32]

Elizabeth line

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Hainault Loop
Legend
Central line to Epping
 
Roding Valley
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
M11 motorway
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chigwell
Woodford
 
 
 
 
 
 Grange Hill
 
 
 
 
Hainault depot
 
 
 
 
 
 Hainault
 
 Fairlop
 
 Barkingside
 
 Newbury Park
 
A12 (Eastern Avenue)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ilford Curve closed 1947
Seven Kings Curve closed 1956
Leytonstone
 
 
 
Central line
to Central London
 
 
 
 
 
Elizabeth line to Shenfield
Junction now site
of Ilford Depot
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Seven Kings
Ilford
 
 
 
Elizabeth line
to Paddington
 
 
Route Frequency
Shenfield to London Liverpool Street 6 trains per hour
Station Image Opened[33] Notes[33]
Ilford   20 June 1839
Seven Kings     1 April 1899
Goodmayes   18 February 1901
Chadwell Heath     11 January 1864

These services serving these stations were rebranded from TfL Rail to Elizabeth line in 2022.

London Underground

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Central line: Epping Branch.

Station Image Opened[33] Notes[33]
Snaresbrook   14 December 1947 First opened by the Eastern Counties Railway in 1856
South Woodford     14 December 1947 First opened by the Eastern Counties Railway as South Woodford (George Lane) in 1856; renamed 1947
Woodford     14 December 1947 First opened by the Eastern Counties Railway in 1856. Terminus of Hainault Loop

Central line: Hainault Loop (follows the route of the A12 from Wanstead to Newbury Park)

Station Image Opened[33] Notes[33]
Wanstead   14 December 1947
Redbridge   14 December 1947
Gants Hill   14 December 1947
Newbury Park     14 December 1947 First opened by the Great Eastern Railway in 1903
Barkingside   31 May 1948 First opened by the Great Eastern Railway in 1903
Fairlop   31 May 1948 First opened by the Great Eastern Railway in 1903
Hainault     31 May 1948 First opened by the Great Eastern Railway in 1903. Closed 1908 to 1930.
Grange Hill   21 November 1948 First opened by the Great Eastern Railway in 1903
Roding Valley   21 November 1948 First opened by the London & North Eastern Railway in 1936

Buses

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Ilford Hainault Street Bus Station, where nine different bus routes terminate.

Numerous London buses run through and within the borough.

Travel to work

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In March 2011, the main forms of transport that residents used to travel to work were: driving a car or van, 23.5% all residents aged 16–74; underground, metro, light rail, tram, 18.4%; train, 6.2%; bus, minibus or coach, 4.6%; on foot, 3.7%; work mainly at or from home, 2.6%; passenger in a car or van, 1.5%.[34]

Education

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Main article: List of schools in Redbridge

Redbridge Council is the Local Education Authority. The Borough has the accolade of sending more young people to university than any other borough in the country in both 2011 and 2012. GCSE and A Level results are consistently higher than the Country's average. A 2017 report by Trust for London and the New Policy Institute found that Redbridge has the highest proportion of 19 year olds with Level 3 qualifications (equivalent to an A Level) of any London borough.[35]

All schools in the borough take part in the Redbridge Schools Choral Festival, a bi-annual music festival held in the Royal Albert Hall in Knightsbridge.[36]

Sport and leisure facilities

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Redbridge has a number of sports and leisure facilities including the road and off-road cycling tracks at Redbridge Cycling Centre.[37]

There are two local football teams both playing in the Isthmian League Division One: Redbridge F.C. (not to be confused with Dagenham & Redbridge) and Ilford FC. In addition there is fellow Non-League football club Barkingside F.C. who play at The Oakside stadium.[38]

Valentines Park in Ilford acted as one of Essex County Cricket Club's home grounds in 1923-4 and from 1935 until 2002, when the club stopped playing there due to financial constraints.[39]

Notable people

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Main article: List of people from the London Borough of Redbridge
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  •  
    Exchange shopping centre, Ilford
  •  
    Fullwell Cross library, Barkingside
  •  
    Gants Hill roundabout and station, Gants Hill
  •  
    Newbury Park station, Newbury Park

References

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  1. ^ "London Places" (PDF). Greater London Authority. GLA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  2. ^ Mills, A., Dictionary of London Place Names, (2001)
  3. ^ Great Britain Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Redbridge. Retrieved {{{accessdate}}}.
  4. ^ Youngs, Frederic (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England. Vol. I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society. ISBN 0-901050-67-9.
  5. ^ "The East London Boroughs (London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993".
  6. ^ "The East London Boroughs (London Borough Boundaries) (No. 2) Order 1993".
  7. ^ "The Redbridge and Waltham Forest (London Borough Boundaries) Order 1993".
  8. ^ a b "The Essex and Greater London (County Boundaries) Order 1993".
  9. ^ "Claybury Woods and Park, including Repton Park". London Gardens Trust. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  10. ^ Historic England, "Valentines Park (1000843)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 12 September 2017
  11. ^ "Kenneth More Theatre". Vision RCL. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  12. ^ "Redbridge Museum". Hidden London. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  13. ^ "Redbridge Heritage Centre". Vision RCL. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  14. ^ "Embassy Cinema: The Restoration Project". Chadwell Heath South Residents' Association. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  15. ^ "Libraries, Heritage & Culture". visionrcl.org.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
  16. ^ "Redbridge Register Office (Redbridge Town Hall)". London Borough off Redbridge. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  17. ^ a b c "Population change 2001-2011". Office for National Statistics. 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  18. ^ "Population statistics". Redbridge i. Redbridge Council. Archived from the original on 7 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  19. ^ "2011 Census - Population". Redbridge i. Redbridge Council. Archived from the original on 7 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  20. ^ "How long can you expect to live in 'Good' general health?". Office for National Statistics. 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  21. ^ a b c d "2011 Census - Diversity". Redbridge i. Redbridge Council. Archived from the original on 7 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
  22. ^ "Redbridge: Total Population". A Vision of Britain Through Time. Great Britain Historical GIS Project. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
  23. ^ Tim Butler, Chris Hamnett. "Ethnicity, class and aspiration". Policy Press. p. 66. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
  24. ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  25. ^ Ethnicity in the 1991 census: Vol 3 - Social geography and ethnicity in Britain, geographical spread, spatial concentration and internal migration. Internet Archive. London : HMSO. 1996. ISBN 978-0-11-691655-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  26. ^ "KS006 - Ethnic group". NOMIS. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  27. ^ "Ethnic Group by measures". NOMIS. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  28. ^ "Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  29. ^ "Religion - Religion in England and Wales: Census 2021, ONS".
  30. ^ "Redbridge Census Results". Office of National Statistics.
  31. ^ "A PROFILE OF BRITISH JEWRY - 1995" (PDF). p. 12.
  32. ^ "Roding Valley Way". Sustrans.
  33. ^ a b c d e f Rose, Douglas (1999). The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History. London: Douglas Rose/Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-219-4. OCLC 59556887.
  34. ^ "2011 Census: QS701EW Method of travel to work, local authorities in England and Wales". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 23 November 2013. Percentages are of all residents aged 16-74 including those not in employment. Respondents could only pick one mode, specified as the journey’s longest part by distance.
  35. ^ "London's Poverty Profile". Trust for London. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  36. ^ Redbridge Music Service - Redbridge Schools' Choral Festival
  37. ^ "UK | England | London | Cycle centre 'first 2012 legacy'". BBC News. 19 August 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  38. ^ History Of Barkingside FC Barkingside F.C.
  39. ^ "Valentine's Park". Cricinfo. ESPN. Retrieved 22 September 2015.
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