Ras al-Amud (Arabic: راس العامود, Rās al-ʿĀmūd; Hebrew: ראס אל עמוד) is a Palestinian neighborhood in East Jerusalem (which is under Israeli occupation),[1][2] located southeast of the Old City of Jerusalem, overlooking the Palestinian neighborhoods of Silwan to the south and Abu Dis and al-Eizariya to the east, and bordering the Jewish neighborhood of Ma'ale HaZeitim to the north, which overlooks the Temple Mount.[3] There were about 11,922 Arabs living in the neighborhood in 2003.[4]
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Israeli settlements
editWithin Ras al-Amud are two Israeli settlements, Ma'ale HaZeitim and Ma'ale David. Ma'ale David is built on the former site of the headquarters of the police headquarters for the Judea and Samaria District, a reference to the West Bank.[5][6][7]
In September 1997, plans for the construction of a Jewish neighbourhood on the land provoked an international outcry and large Palestinian protests, including in Beit Sahour.[8] Despite American pressure to halt construction, the plan was backed by Jerusalem mayor Ehud Olmert.[9] Under a compromise reached by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, three Jewish families left voluntarily, with ten yeshiva students staying on.[10] On October 18, 2009, the Israeli bus cooperative Egged launched a bus route from Ras al-Amud and Ma'ale HaZeitim to Silwan and the Kotel. Critics claimed this was an attempt to "normalize" the Jewish presence.[11]
In 2011, 100 families were living Ma'ale HaZeitim.[12]
The international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem to be illegal under international law, though Israel disputes this.[13]
Archaeology
editAn archaeological excavation in Ras al-Amud prior to the construction of a school for Arab girls by the Jerusalem Municipality found remains dating to the Middle Canaanite period (2200–1900 BCE) and the late First Temple period (8th–7th centuries BCE), including a jar handle inscribed with the Hebrew name "Menachem."[14]
In August 2004, a salvage excavation was conducted in the Ras al-Amud neighborhood in the wake of damage to an ancient building while preparing a site for construction. Ceramic finds dating to the Byzantine period included bowls, a cooking pot and a complete lamp. Glass vessels from the Late Byzantine–Umayyad period were also found. Fragments of ceramic pipes, a marble chancel screen and a stone table were recovered from the stone collapse and soil fills. The building is thus believed to have belonged to a Byzantine monastery.[15]
References
edit- ^ Shragai, Nadav (2008-01-16). "Building begins on new Jewish homes in E. J'lem's Ras al-Amud neighborhood". Haaretz. Retrieved 15 March 2010.
- ^ "Deadly Violence Erupts in Standoff Over Mosque in Jerusalem". The New York Times. 2017-07-21. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
- ^ Israeli Settlement Activities and Related Policies, JerusalemArchived 2008-05-16 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs
- ^ Ras Al Amoud Neighborhood: A hot spot in occupied East Jerusalem Archived 2009-07-14 at the Wayback Machine Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem and Land Research Center - Jerusalem. 2003-06-23.
- ^ The Christian Science Monitor. "Ras al Amud". CSMonitor.com. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
- ^ "Peace Now: Construction for largest East Jerusalem settlement has begun". haaretz.com. 2010-05-09. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
- ^ Selig, Abe (2009-08-23). "Mixed reactions to plan for new e. J'lem homes". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
- ^ Kimmerling, Baruch. Clash of Identities: Explorations in Israeli and Palestinian Societies. Columbia University Press, 2008, 324.
- ^ Building begins on new Jewish homes in Ras al-Amud, Haaretz
- ^ Compromised on Ras al-Amud Archived 2012-05-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Jewish residents in Silwan, Ras al-Amud get new bus line[permanent dead link]. Abe Selig, Jerusalem Post
- ^ Jerusalem panel approves 14 new Jewish homes in Arab neighborhood
- ^ "Jerusalem approves settler homes". BBC News. 2011-03-02. Retrieved 2018-12-16.
- ^ An Ancient Jar Handle Bearing the Hebrew Name Menachem was Uncovered in Ras el-'Amud
- ^ "Archaeology News". Archived from the original on 2012-05-23. Retrieved 2010-11-30.
Bibliography
edit- ‘Adawi, Zubair (2013-02-10). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud (A)" (125). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ‘Adawi, Zubair (2013-12-30). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud (B)" (125). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ‘Adawi, Zubair (2019-09-29). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud" (131). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Zilberbod, Irina (2008-08-04). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Zilberbod, Irina (2012-09-04). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud" (124). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - Zilberbod, Irina (2016-03-24). "Jerusalem, Ras el-'Amud" (128). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help)