Rafiqul Islam may refer to
- Rafiqul Islam (educationist) (1934–2021), Bangladeshi educator and writer
- M. Rafiqul Islam, Bangladeshi academician, professor and writer
- Rafiqul Islam (scientist) (1936–2018), Bangladeshi physician and medical scientist
- Rafiq Azad (Rafiqul Islam Khan, 1942–2016), Bangladeshi poet
- Rafiqul Islam (Bangladeshi politician) (born 1943), Bangladesh Awami League politician and minister
- Rafiqul Islam (activist) (1950–2013), Bangladeshi activist
- Md Rafiqul Islam, Bangladesh Army Major General and former Director General of Border Guards Bangladesh
- Rafiqul Islam Miah, Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and minister
- Rafiqul Islam Chowdhury (died 2008), Bangladeshi academic and political scientist
- Mohammad Rafiqul Islam, chief of Bangladesh Air Force
- Rafiqul Islam (Indian politician) (born 1973), Indian politician
- Mohammad Rafiqul Islam Khan (born 1977), cricketer from Rajshahi
- Rafiqul Islam (civil servant) (born 1955), incumbent Election Commissioner of Bangladesh
- Kazi Rafiqul Islam, Bangladeshi politician from Bogra
- Rafiqul Islam (footballer) (born 2004), Bangladeshi footballer