Premna serratifolia

Premna serratifolia
	Leaves and young fruit
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Lamiaceae
Genus:	Premna
Species:	P. serratifolia
Binomial name
	Premna serratifolia; L.
Synonyms
	List Premna obtusifolia f. serratifolia (L.) Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. serratifolia (L.) Moldenke; Cornutia corymbosa Burm.f.; Gumira abbreviata (Miq.) Kuntze; Gumira attenuata (R.Br.) Kuntze; Gumira ceramensis (Miq.) Kuntze; Gumira cyclophylla (Miq.) Kuntze; Gumira dallachyana (Benth.) Kuntze; Gumira divaricata (Wall. ex Schauer) Kuntze; Gumira domestica Hassk.; Gumira foetida (Reinw. ex Blume) Hassk.; Gumira integrifolia Hassk.; Gumira laevigata (Miq.) Kuntze; Gumira limbata (Benth.) Kuntze; Gumira nauseosa (Blanco) Kuntze; Gumira nitida (K.Schum.) Kuntze; Gumira opulifolia (Miq.) Kuntze; Gumira punctulata (C.B.Clarke) Kuntze; Gumira truncata (Turcz.) Kuntze; Premna abbreviata Miq.; Premna acuminatissima Merr.; Premna angustior (C.B.Clarke) Ridl.; Premna arborea Farw.; Premna atra Merr.; Premna attenuata R.Br.; Premna benguetensis C.B.Rob.; Premna benthamiana Domin; Premna borneensis H.J.Lam; Premna brongersmae H.J.Lam; Premna capitata A.Meeuse; Premna ceramensis Miq.; Premna congesta Merr.; Premna corymbosa (Burm.f.) Schauer; Premna corymbosa var. madagascariensis Moldenke; Premna corymbosa var. minor (Ridl.) H.R.Fletcher; Premna corymbosa var. obtusifolia (R.Br.) H.R.Fletcher; Premna corymbosa var. sambucina (Wall. ex Schauer) Moldenke; Premna cyclophylla Miq.; Premna dallachyana Benth.; Premna dallachyana var. obtusisepala Domin; Premna dallachyana var. typica Domin in Repert.; Premna dentatifolia Moldenke; Premna divaricata Wall. ex Schauer; Premna foetida Reinw. ex Blume; Premna gaudichaudii Schauer; Premna glabra A.Gray ex Maxim.; Premna glandulifera Merr.; Premna glandulosa Merr.; Premna glycycocca F.Muell.; Premna guillauminii var. serrata Moldenke; Premna hircina Wall.; Premna integrifolia L.; Premna integrifolia Willd.; Premna integrifolia var. angustior C.B.Clarke; Premna integrifolia subsp. dentatolabium H.J.Lam; Premna integrifolia var. minor Ridl.; Premna integrifolia var. obtusifolia (R.Br.) C.Pei; Premna integrifolia subsp. truncatolabium H.J.Lam; Premna kunstleri King & Gamble; Premna laevigata Miq.; Premna lamii Moldenke; Premna leucostoma Náves ex Fern.-Vill.; Premna leytensis Merr.; Premna limbata Benth.; Premna lucidula Kurz; Premna macrophylla H.J.Lam; Premna media R.Br.; Premna membranifolia Merr.; Premna nauseosa Blanco; Premna nitida K.Schum.; Premna obtusifolia R.Br.; Premna obtusifolia var. angustior (C.B.Clarke) Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. gaudichaudii (Schauer) Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. madagascariensis (Moldenke) Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. minor (Ridl.) Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. pubescens Moldenke; Premna obtusifolia var. velutina Benth.; Premna octonervia Merr. & F.P.Metcalf; Premna opulifolia Miq.; Premna ovata R.Br.; Premna paniculata H.R.Fletcher; Premna papuana Wernham; Premna parviflora H.J.Lam; Premna perrottetii C.B.Clarke; Premna populifolia Miq.; Premna punctulata C.B.Clarke; Premna sambucina Wall. ex Schauer; Premna serratifolia var. minor (Ridl.) A.Rajendran & P.Daniel; Premna spinosa Roxb.; Premna subcordata Turcz.; Premna subglabra Merr.; Premna sumatrana Ridl.; Premna syringifolia Zipp. ex H.J.Lam & Bakh.; Premna tahitensis var. rapensis F.Br.; Premna tahitensis var. rimatarensis F.Br.; Premna tateana F.M.Bailey; Premna tiliifolia Zipp. ex H.J.Lam & Bakh.; Premna timoriana Decne.; Premna truncata Turcz.; Premna woodii Moldenke; Premna wrayi King & Gamble; Scrophularioides arborea G.Forst.; Citharexylum paniculatum Poir.; Viburnum chinense Hook. & Arn.;

Premna serratifolia is a species of small tree or shrub^[2] in the family Lamiaceae. It blooms and fruits between May and November.^[3] During flowering season, it attracts a large number of butterflies and bees.^[4]

Habitat

It mostly grow in moist sandy soil and scrub jungles along seacoasts and mangrove forests.^[3] In the Philippines, particularly in Cebu Island, it is usually found in the interior, watery forests of Southern Cebu.

Description

Trees, to 7 m high. Leaves simple, opposite, estipulate; petiole 4–14 mm, slender, pubescent, grooved above; lamina 2.5-8.5 x 2–7.2 cm, elliptic, elliptic-oblong, base acute, obtuse, subcordate or rounded, apex acuminate, mucronate, obtuse, margin entire or subserrate, glabrous above except along the appressed midrib, chartaceous; lateral nerves 3-5 pair, pinnate, prominent, puberulous beneath; intercostae reticulate, obscure. Flowers bisexual, greenish-white, in terminal corymbose panicled cymes; bracts small; calyx small campanulate, 2 lipped, 5 lobed; corolla tube short, villous inside, lobes 5; stamens 4, didynamous, inserted below the throat of the corolla tube; anther ovate; ovary superior, 2-4-celled, ovules 4; style linear; stigma shortly bifid. Fruit a drupe, seated on the calyx, globose, purple; seeds oblong.^[3]

Medicinal uses

The plant is extensively used in Indian traditional medicine. Studies on the root wood of P. serattifolia led to the isolation of acteoside, a glucoside derivative.^[5] The root bark of the plant which showed biological activities have also shown to contain a potent cytotoxic and antioxidant diterpene, 11,12,16-trihydroxy-2-oxo-5-methyl-10-demethyl-abieta-1[10],6, 8,11,13-pentene.^[6]

Culinary uses

In Vietnam, the aromatic leaves of P. serratifolia are used to cook in some braise or stir fry dishes with chicken, eels or frogs.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Razafiniary, V. (2021). "Premna serratifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e.T66295794A68121996. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T66295794A68121996.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
^ Description given by G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram. Referred from indiabiodiversity portal http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/230814
^ ^a ^b ^c Described by Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi in India biodiversity portal http://indiabiodiversity.org/species/show/230814
^ The media files included gives the required verity.
^ Bose LV, Varghese GK, Habtemariam S. 2013. Identification of acteoside as the active antioxidant principle of Premna serratifolia root wood tissues. Phytopharmacology 4: 228–236
^ Habtemariam, S., Varghese, G.K. (2015). A Novel Diterpene Skeleton: Identification of a highly aromatic, cytotoxic and antioxidant 5-methyl-10-demethyl-abietane-typediterpene from Premna serratifolia Phytotherapy Research 29(1), 80-85.