The bay owls (Phodilus) are a genus of Old World owls in the family Tytonidae. The defining characteristics of bay owls are their smaller bodies, in comparison to the barn owls Tyto in the same family, and their U- or V-shaped faces.[1] These owls can be found across southern Asia from southern India and Sri Lanka to Indonesia within forest and grassland ecosystems.[1]
| Bay owl | |
|---|---|
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| Oriental bay owl | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Strigiformes |
| Family: | Tytonidae |
| Genus: | Phodilus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I, 1830 |
| Species | |
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| Synonyms | |
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Taxonomy and systematics
editThe genus Phodilus was described by the French zoologist Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1830.[2] Most taxonomists include two extant species in the genus; a third formerly included has now been transferred to Tyto.[3][4] The name is from the Ancient Greek phōs for "light" or "daylight" and deilos for "timid" or "cowardly".[5]
| Image | Scientific Name | Common name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
Phodilus badius | Oriental bay owl | Philippines, China, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, the far northeast of India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and Brunei |
 |
Phodilus assimilis | Sri Lanka bay owl | Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats in Kerala, southwestern India |
The Itombwe owl (Tyto prigoginei) was formerly classified in this genus as the Congo bay owl, but morphological evidence shows that it is a member of the genus Tyto.[3][4]
Description
editAlthough bay owls are typically smaller at 22–29 cm (8.7–11.4 in) long, they bear some resemblance to the barn owls.[1] Other characteristics of the bay owl are groupings of feathers that resemble ears, and a divided face disk.[1] Bay owls have also been described as having U-or V-shaped faces.[1][3] The wings are rounded; they and their tail are chestnut-brown, with a few narrow, dark bars.[6] Their tarsi, or leg/foot bones, are relatively short and fully feathered to the joint.[3] Their toes are yellowish-brown with pale claws.[3] Their throat has a creamy colour and their underparts are often a pale yellowish-brown, with speckles of blackish-brown.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editThe bay owls can be found in regions from India to Southeast Asia and Indonesia.[1] It is uncertain where their ancestors lived as the phylogeny of all species of bay owls has not been examined.[7] These owls can be found in both forests and grasslands, but are fairly scattered in their distribution.[7] However, their primary habitat is within dense evergreen forests, where the owls may roost during the day in the opening of tree trunks or branches sheltered by palm tree leaves.[1] They are often found roosting no more than 2 m (6 ft 7 in) off the ground.[1] They are most vulnerable in this state and not very alert.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Bay Owl". Owl Rescue. Retrieved 2020-11-24.
- ^ Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Isidore (1830). "Remarques sur les charactères et la classification des oiseaux de proie nocturnes, et description d'un genre nouveau sous la nom de Phodilus". Annales des sciences naturelles (in French). 21: 194–203 [199].
- ^ a b c d e f König, Claus & Weick, Friedhelm (2008). Owls of the World. London, UK: A & C Black. pp. 209, 230–233. ISBN 978-0-7136-6548-2.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2024). "Owls". World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 303. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Lewis, Deane. "Oriental Bay Owl (Phodilus badius) - Information, Pictures, Sounds". The Owl Pages. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
- ^ a b Uva, Vera; Päckert, Martin; Cibois, Alice; Fumagalli, Luca; Roulin, Alexandre (2018-08-01). "Comprehensive molecular phylogeny of barn owls and relatives (Family: Tytonidae), and their six major Pleistocene radiations". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 125: 127–137. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.03.013. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29535030.
Further reading
edit- Pycraft, W. P. (1903). "On the Pterylography of Photodilus". Ibis. 45 (1): 36–48. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1903.tb03917.x.
- Bruce, M. D. (1999): Family Tytonidae (Barn-owls). In: del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. (eds): Handbook of Birds of the World, Volume 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds: 34–75, plates 1–3. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ISBN 84-87334-25-3
External links
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