Penal Code (Malaysia)

Penal Code
Penal Code
	Long title An Act relating to criminal offences. ;
Citation	Act 574
Territorial extent	Malaysia
Enacted	1936 (F. M. S. Cap. 45); Revised: 1997 (Act 574 w.e.f. 7 August 1997)
Effective	Throughout Malaysia—31 March 1976, Act A327, P.U. (B) 139/1976
Amended by
	Revised Edition of the Laws (Operation) Enactment 1936 [F.M.S. En. 1/1936]; Penal Code (Amendment) Enactment 1936 [F.M.S. En. 41/1936]; Penal Code (Amendment) Enactment 1937 [F.M.S. En. 11/1937]; Statute Law Revision (Chief Secretary's Powers) Enactment 1937 [F.M.S. En. 18/1937]; Statute Law Revision (General Amendments) Enactment 1938 [F.M.S. En. 3/1938]; Penal Code (Amendment) Enactment 1938 [F.M.S. En. 30/1938]; Notification under the Statute Law Revision (General Amendments) Enactment 1938 [F.M.S. G.N. 940/1939]; Notification under the Statute Law Revision (General Amendments) Enactment 1938 [F.M.S. G.N. 1702/1939]; Sedition Enactment 1939 [F.M.S. En. 13/1939]; Transfer of Powers Ordinance 1948 [F.M. Ord. 1/1948]; Penal Code (Amendment and Extended Application) Ordinance 1948 [F.M. Ord. 32/1948]; Criminal Justice Ordinance 1953 [F.M. Ord. 14/1953]; Penal Code (Amendment) Ordinance 1957 [F.M. Ord. 25/1957]; Federal Constitution (Modification of Laws) Order 1957 [L.N. (N.S.) 1/1957]; Corrigendum to Federal Constitution (Modification of Laws) Order 1957 [L.N. (N.S.) 9/1957]; Corrigendum to Federal Constitution (Modification of Laws) Order 1957 [L.N. (N.S.) 56/1957]; Banishment Ordinance 1959 [Ord. 11/1959]; Kidnapping Act 1961 [Act 41/1961]; Courts of Judicature Act 1964 [Act 7/1964]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1965 [Act 24/1965]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1965 [Act 1/1966]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1967 [Act 39/1967]; Penal Code (Amendment and Extension) Act 1976 [Act A327]; Constitution (Amendment) Act 1976 [Act A354]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1982 [Act A538]; Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code (Amendment) Act 1983 [Act A549]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1985 [Act A614]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1986 [Act A651]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1989 [Act A727]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 1993 [Act A860]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2001 [Act A1131]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2003 [Act A1210]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2006 [Act A1273]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2007 [Act A1303]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2012 [Act A1430]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2014 [Act A1471]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2015 [Act A1483]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2015 [Act A1483]; Penal Code (Amendment) Act 2023 [Act A1681]; Penal Code (Amendment) (No. 2) Act 2023 [Act A1691]
Keywords
	Criminal code, criminal offence
	Status: In force

The Penal Code (Malay: Kanun Keseksaan) is a law that codifies most criminal offences and procedures in Malaysia. Its official long title is "An Act relating to criminal offences" [Throughout Malaysia—31 March 1976, Act A327; P.U. (B) 139/1976]. The sole jurisdiction of Parliament of Malaysia is established over criminal law in Malaysia.

Structure

Penal Code of Malaysia, in its current form (4 June 2015), sub-divided into twenty three chapters, comprises five hundred and eleven sections (including 37 amendments). The code starts with an introduction, provides explanations and exceptions used in the code, and covers a wide range of offences.

Chapter I: Preliminary

1. Short title

2. Punishment of offences committed within Malaysia

3. Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within Malaysia

4. Extension of Code to extraterritorial offences

5. Certain laws not to be affected by this Code

Chapter II: General Explanations

6. Definitions in the Code to be understood subject to exceptions

7. Expression once explained is used in the same sense throughout the Code

8. “Gender”

9. “Number”

10. “Man” and “woman”

11. “Person”

12. “Public”

13. (Deleted)

(There are no ss. 14–16)

17. “Government”

(There is no s. 18)

19. “Judge”

20. “Court”

21. “Public servant”

22. “Movable property”

23. “Wrongful gain” and “wrongful loss”

24. “Dishonestly”

25. “Fraudulently”

26. “Reason to believe”

27. “Property in possession of wife, clerk or servant”

28. “Counterfeit”

29. “Document”

30. “Valuable security”

31. “A will”

32. Words referring to acts include illegal omissions

33. “Act” and “omission”

34. Each of several persons liable for an act done by all, in like manner as if done by him alone

35. When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention

36. Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission

37. Cooperation by doing one of several acts constituting an offence

38. Several persons engaged in the commission of a criminal act, may be guilty of different offences

39. “Voluntarily”

40. “Offence”

(There are no ss. 41–42)

43. “Illegal”, “unlawful” and “legally bound to do”

44. “Injury”

45. “Life”

46. “Death”

47. “Animal”

48. “Vessel”

49. “Year” and “month”

50. “Section”

51. “Oath”

52. “Good faith”

52A. “Non-serious offence”

52B. “Serious offence”

Chapter III: Punishments

53–55. (Deleted)

(There is no s. 56)

57. Fractions of terms of punishment

(There is no s. 58)

59–60. (Deleted)

(There are no ss. 61–62)

63–64. (Deleted)

(There is no s. 65)

66–70. (Deleted)

71. Limit of punishment of offence which is made up of several offences

72. Punishment of a person found guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which

73–74. (Deleted)

75. Punishment of persons convicted, after a previous conviction of an offence punishable with three years’ imprisonment

75A. Punishment of mandatory imprisonment for persons convicted of multiple serious offences

Chapter IV: General Exceptions

76. Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law

77. Act of Judge when acting judicially

78. Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of a Court

79. Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified by law

80. Accident in the doing of a lawful act

81. Act likely to cause harm but done without a criminal intent, and to prevent other harm

82. Act of a child under 10 years of age

83. Act of a child above 10 and under 12 years of age, who has not attained sufficient maturity of understanding

84. Act of a person of unsound mind

85. Intoxication when a defence

86. Effect of defence of intoxication when established

87. Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent

88. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for the benefit of a person

89. Act done in good faith for the benefit of a child or person of unsound mind, by or by consent of guardian

90. Consent known to be given under fear or misconception and consent of a child or person of unsound mind

91. Acts which are offences independently of harm caused to the person consenting, are not within the exceptions in sections 87, 88 and 89

92. Act done in good faith for the benefit of a person without consent

93. Communication made in good faith

94. Act to which a person is compelled by threats

95. Act causing slight harm

Right of Private Defence: 96. Nothing done in private defence is an offence; 97. Right of private defence of the body and of property; 98. Right of private defence against the act of a person of unsound mind; 99. Acts against which there is no right of private defence; 100. When the right of private defence of the body extends to causing death; 101. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death; 102. Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of the body; 103. When the right of private defence of property extends to causing death; 104. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death; 105. Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of property; 106. Right of private defence against a deadly assault when there is risk of harm to an innocent person

Chapter V: Abetment

107. Abetment of a thing

108. Abettor

108A. Abetment in Malaysia of offences outside Malaysia

109. Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence, and where no express provision is made for its punishment

110. Punishment of abetment if the person abetted does the act with a different intention from that of the abettor

111. Liability of abettor when one act is abetted and a different act is done

112. Abettor, when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done

113. Liability of abettor for an offence caused by the act abetted different from that intended by the abettor

114. Abettor present when offence committed

115. Abetment of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

116. Abetment of an offence punishable with imprisonment

117. Abetting the commission of an offence by the public, or by more than ten persons

118. Concealing a design to commit an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

119. A public servant concealing a design to commit an offence which it is his duty to prevent

120. Concealing a design to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment

Chapter VA: Criminal Conspiracy

120A. Definition of criminal conspiracy

120B. Punishment of criminal conspiracy

Chapter VI: Offences against the State

121. Waging or attempting to wage war or abetting the waging of war against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri

121A. Offences against the person of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri

121B. Offences against the authority of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri

121C. Abetting offences under section 121A or 121B

121D. Intentional omission to give information of offences against section 121, 121A, 121B or 121C by a person bound to inform

122. Collecting arms, etc., with the intention of waging war against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a Ruler or Yang di-Pertua Negeri

123. Concealing with intent to facilitate a design to wage war

124. Assaulting Member of Parliament, etc., with intent to compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power

124A. (Deleted)

124B. Activity detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124C. Attempt to commit activity detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124D. Printing, sale, etc., of documents and publication detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124E. Possession of documents and publication detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124F. Importation of document and publication detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124G. Posting of placards, etc.

124H. Dissemination of information

124I. Dissemination of false reports

124J. Receipt of document and publication detrimental to parliamentary democracy

124K. Sabotage

124L. Attempt to commit sabotage

124M. Espionage

124N. Attempt to commit espionage

125. Waging war against any power in alliance with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong

125A. Harbouring or attempting to harbour any person in Malaysia or person residing in a foreign State at war or in hostility against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong

126. Committing depredation on the territories of any power at peace with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong

127. Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 125 and 126

128. Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war in his custody to escape

129. Public servant negligently suffering prisoner of State or war in his custody to escape

130. Aiding escape of, rescuing, or harbouring such prisoner

130A. Interpretation of this Chapter

Chapter VIA: Offences Relating to Terrorism

130B. Interpretation in relation to this Chapter

Suppression of Terrorist Act and Support for Terrorist Act: 130C. Committing terrorist acts; 130D. Providing devices to terrorist groups; 130E. Recruiting persons to be members of terrorist groups or to participate in terrorist acts; 130F. Providing training and instruction to terrorist groups and persons committing terrorist acts; 130FA. Receiving training and instruction from terrorist groups and persons committing terrorist acts; 130FB. Attendance at place used for terrorist training; 130G. Inciting, promoting or soliciting property for the commission of terrorist acts; 130H. Providing facilities in support of terrorist acts; 130I. Directing activities of terrorist groups; 130J. Soliciting or giving support to terrorist groups or for the commission of terrorist acts; 130JA. Travelling to, through or from Malaysia for the commission of terrorist acts in foreign country; 130JB. Possession, etc. of items associated with terrorist groups or terrorist acts; 130JC. Offence to build, etc. conveyance for use in terrorist acts; 130JD. Preparation of terrorist acts; 130K. Harbouring persons committing terrorist acts; 130KA. Member of a terrorist group; 130L. Criminal conspiracy; 130M. Intentional omission to give information relating to terrorist acts

Suppression of Financing of Terrorist Acts: 130N. Providing or collecting property for terrorist acts; 130O. Providing services for terrorist purposes; 130P. Arranging for retention or control of terrorist property; 130Q. Dealing with terrorist property; 130QA. Accepting gratification to facilitate or enable terrorist acts; 130R. Intentional omission to give information about terrorist property; 130S. Intentional omission to give information relating to terrorism financing offence; 130T. Offences by body corporate; 130TA. Non-application of Offenders Compulsory Attendance Act 1954 and sections 173A, 293 and 294 of the Criminal Procedure Code

Chapter VIB: Organised Crime

130U. Interpretation in relation to this Chapter

130V. Member of an organised criminal group

130W. Assisting an organised criminal group

130X. Harbouring member of an organised criminal group

130Y. Consorting with an organised criminal group

130Z. Recruiting persons to be members of an organised criminal group

130ZA. Participation in an organised criminal group

130ZB. Accepting gratification to facilitate or enable organised criminal activity

130ZC. Enhanced penalties for offences committed by an organised criminal group or member of an organised criminal group

Chapter VII: Offences Relating to the Armed Forces

131. Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier or sailor from his duty

132. Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof

133. Abetment of an assault by a soldier or sailor on his superior officer, when in the execution of his office

134. Abetment of such assault if the assault is committed

135. Abetment of the desertion of a soldier, sailor or airman

136. Harbouring a deserter

137. Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master

138. Abetment of act of insubordination by a soldier, sailor or airman

139. Persons subject to Articles of War not punishable under this Code

140. Wearing the dress of a soldier, sailor or airman

140A. “Harbour”

140B. Application of Chapter VII

Chapter VIII: Offences against the Public Tranquillity

141. Unlawful assembly

142. Being a member of an unlawful assembly

143. Punishment

144. Possessing weapons or missiles at unlawful assemblies

145. Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly, knowing that it has been commanded to disperse

146. Force used by one member in prosecution of common object

147. Punishment for rioting

148. Possessing weapons or missiles at riot

149. Every member of an unlawful assembly to be deemed guilty of any offence committed in prosecution of common object

150. Hiring, or conniving at hiring, of persons to join an unlawful assembly

151. Knowingly joining or continuing in any assembly of five or more persons after it has been commanded to disperse

152. Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc.

153. Wantonly giving provocation, with intent to cause riot

153A. (Deleted)

154. Owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held

155. Liability of person for whose benefit a riot is committed

156. Liability of agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed

157. Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly

158. Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly or riot, or to go armed

159. Affray

160. Punishment for committing affray

Chapter IX: Offences by, or Relating to, Public Servants

161. Public servant taking a gratification, other than legal remuneration, in respect of an official act

162. Taking a gratification in order, by corrupt or illegal means, to influence a public servant

163. Taking a gratification, for the exercise of personal influence with a public servant

164. Punishment for abetment by public servant of the offences above defined

165. Public servant obtaining any valuable thing, without consideration, from person concerned in any proceeding or business transacted by such public servant

166. Public servant disobeying a direction of the law, with intent to cause injury to any person

167. Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury

168. Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade

169. Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property

170. Personating a public servant

171. Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent

Chapter X: Contempts of the Lawful Authority of Public Servants

172. Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding from a public servant

173. Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof

174. Non-attendance in obedience to an order from a public servant

175. Omission to produce a document to a public servant by a person legally bound to produce such document

176. Omission to give notice or information to a public servant by a person legally bound to give notice or information

177. Furnishing false information

178. Refusing oath when duly required to take oath by a public servant

179. Refusing to answer a public servant authorized to question

180. Refusing to sign statement

181. False statement on oath to public servant or person authorized to administer an oath

182. False information, with intent to cause a public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person

183. Resistance to the taking of property by the lawful authority of a public servant

184. Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of a public servant

185. Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of a public servant

186. Obstructing public servant in discharge of his public functions

187. Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance

188. Disobedience to an order duly promulgated by a public servant

189. Threat of injury to a public servant

190. Threat of injury to induce any person to refrain from applying for protection to a public servant

Chapter XI: False Evidence and Offences against Public Justice

191. Giving false evidence

192. Fabricating false evidence

193. Punishment for false evidence

194. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of a capital offence

195. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of an offence punishable with imprisonment

196. Using evidence known to be false

197. Issuing or signing a false certificate

198. Using as a true certificate one known to be false in a material point

199. False statement made in any declaration which is by law receivable as evidence

200. Using as true any such declaration known to be false

201. Causing disappearance of evidence of an offence committed, or giving false information touching it, to screen the offender

202. Intentional omission, by a person bound to inform, to give information of an offence

203. Giving false information respecting an offence committed

203A. Disclosure of information

204. Destruction of document to prevent its production as evidence

205. False personation for the purpose of any act or proceeding in a suit

206. Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution of a decree

207. Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution of a decree

208. Fraudulently suffering a decree for a sum not due

209. Dishonestly making a false claim before a Court

210. Fraudulently obtaining a decree for a sum not due

211. False charge of offence made with intent to injure

212. Harbouring an offender

213. Taking gifts, etc., to screen an offender from punishment

214. Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender

215. Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc.

216. Harbouring an offender who has escaped from custody, or whose apprehension has been ordered

216A. Harbouring robbers or gang-robbers, etc.

216B. “Harbour”

217. Public servant disobeying a direction of law with intent to save person from punishment, or property from forfeiture

218. Public servant framing an incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment, or property from forfeiture

219. Public servant in a judicial proceeding corruptly making an order, report, etc., which he knows to be contrary to law

220. Commitment for trial or confinement by a person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law

221. Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend

222. Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend person under sentence of a Court

223. Escape from confinement negligently suffered by a public servant and facilitating or enabling any terrorist act, etc.

224. Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension

225. Resistance or obstruction to the lawful apprehension of another person

225A. Public servant omitting to apprehend or suffering other persons to escape in cases not already provided for

225B. Offences against laws of Malaysia where no special punishment is provided

226. (Deleted)

227. Violation of condition of remission of punishment

228. Intentional insult or interruption to a public servant sitting in any stage of a judicial proceeding

229. Personation of a juror or assessor

Chapter XII: Offences Relating to Coin and Government Stamps

230. Interpretation

231. (Deleted)

232. Counterfeiting coin

233. (Deleted)

234. Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting coin

235. Possession of instrument or material for the purpose of using the same for counterfeiting coin

236. Abetting in Malaysia the counterfeiting out of Malaysia of coin

237. (Deleted)

238. Import or export of counterfeit coin

239. (Deleted)

240. Delivery of coin, possessed with the knowledge that it is counterfeit

241. Delivery to another of coin as genuine, which when first possessed the deliverer did not know to be counterfeit

242. (Deleted)

243. Possession of coin by a person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof

(There are no ss. 244–245)

246. (Deleted)

247. Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing the weight or altering the composition of coin

248. (Deleted)

249. Altering appearance of coin with intent that it shall pass as a coin of a different description

250. (Deleted)

251. Delivery of coin, possessed with the knowledge that it is altered

252. (Deleted)

253. Possession of coin by a person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof

254. Delivery to another of coin as genuine, which when first possessed, the deliverer did not know to be altered

255. Counterfeiting a Government stamp

256. Having possession of an instrument or material for the purpose of counterfeiting a Government stamp

257. Making or selling an instrument for the purpose of counterfeiting a Government stamp

258. Sale of counterfeit Government stamp

259. Having possession of a counterfeit Government stamp

260. Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit

261. Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a Government stamp, or removing from a document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government

262. Using a Government stamp known to have been before used

263. Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used

Chapter XIII: Offences Relating to Weights and Measures

264. Fraudulent use of false instrument for weighing

265. Fraudulent use of false weight or measure

266. Being in possession of false weights or measures

267. Making or selling false weights or measures

Chapter XIV: Offences Affecting the Public Health, Safety, Convenience, Decency and Morals

268. Public nuisance

269. Negligent act likely to spread infection of any disease dangerous to life

270. Malignant act likely to spread infection of any disease dangerous to life

271. Disobedience to a quarantine rule

272. Adulteration of food or drink which is intended for sale

273. Sale of noxious food or drink

274. Adulteration of drugs

275. Sale of adulterated drugs

276. Sale of any drug as a different drug or preparation

277. Fouling the water of a public spring or reservoir

278. Making atmosphere noxious to health

279. Rash driving or riding on a public way

280. Rash navigation of a vessel

281. Exhibition of a false light, mark or buoy

282. Conveying person by water for hire in a vessel overloaded or unsafe

283. Danger or obstruction in a public way or navigation

284. Negligent conduct with respect to any poisonous substance

285. Negligent conduct with respect to any fire or combustible matter

286. Negligent conduct with respect to any explosive substance

287. Negligent conduct with respect to any machinery in the possession or under the charge of the offender

288. Negligence with respect to pulling down or repairing buildings

289. Negligence with respect to any animal

290. Punishment for public nuisance

291. Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue

292. Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc.

293. Sale, etc., of obscene objects to young person

294. Obscene songs

Chapter XV: Offences Relating to Religion

295. Injuring or defiling a place of worship with intent to insult the religion of any class

296. Disturbing a religious assembly

297. Trespassing on burial places, etc.

298. Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound the religious feelings of any person

298A. Causing, etc., disharmony, disunity, or feelings of enmity, hatred or ill will, or prejudicing, etc., the maintenance of harmony or unity, on grounds of religion

Chapter XVI: Offences Affecting the Human Body

Offences Affecting Life: 299. Culpable homicide; 300. Murder; 301. Culpable homicide by causing the death of a person other than the person whose death was intended; 302. Punishment for murder; (There is no s. 303); 304. Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder; 304A. Causing death by negligence; 305. Abetment of suicide of child or insane person; 306. Abetment of suicide; 307. Attempt to murder; 308. Attempt to commit culpable homicide; 309. Attempt to commit suicide; 309A. Infanticide; 309B. Punishment for infanticide; (There are no ss. 310–311)

Causing Miscarriage; Injuries to Unborn Children; Exposure of Infants; and Concealment of Births: 312. Causing miscarriage; 313. Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent; 314. Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage. If act done without woman’s consent; 315. Act done with intent to prevent a child being born alive or to cause it to die after birth; 316. Causing death of a quick unborn child by an act amounting to culpable homicide; 317. Exposure and abandonment of a child under twelve years by parent or person having care of it; 318. Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body

Hurt: 319. Hurt; 320. Grievous hurt; 321. Voluntarily causing hurt; 322. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt; 323. Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt; 324. Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means; 325. Punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt; 326. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means; 326A. Punishment for causing hurt by spouse; 327. Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property or to constrain to an illegal act; 328. Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence; 329. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act; 330. Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession or to compel restoration of property; 331. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort confession or to compel restoration of property; 332. Voluntarily causing hurt to deter public servant from his duty; 333. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty; 334. Voluntarily causing hurt on provocation; 335. Causing grievous hurt on provocation; 336. Punishment for act which endangers life or the personal safety of others; 337. Causing hurt by an act which endangers life or the personal safety of others; 338. Causing grievous hurt by an act which endangers life or the personal safety of others

Wrongful Restraint and Wrongful Confinement: 339. Wrongful restraint; 340. Wrongful confinement; 341. Punishment for wrongful restraint; 342. Punishment for wrongful confinement; 343. Wrongful confinement for three or more days; 344. Wrongful confinement for ten or more days; 345. Wrongful confinement of person for whose liberation a writ has been issued; 346. Wrongful confinement in secret; 347. Wrongful confinement for the purpose of extorting property or constraining to an illegal act; 348. Wrongful confinement for the purpose of extorting confession or of compelling restoration of property

Criminal Force and Assault: 349. Force; 350. Criminal force; 351. Assault; 352. Punishment for using criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation; 352A. Punishment for using criminal force by spouse; 353. Using criminal force to deter a public servant from discharge of his duty; 354. Assault or use of criminal force to a person with intent to outrage modesty; 355. Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour a person, otherwise than on grave provocation; 356. Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person; 357. Assault or criminal force in attempt wrongfully to confine a person; 358. Assaulting or using criminal force on grave provocation

Kidnapping, Abduction, Slavery and Forced Labour: 359. Kidnapping; 360. Kidnapping from Malaysia; 361. Kidnapping from lawful guardianship; 362. Abduction; 363. Punishment for kidnapping; 364. Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder; 365. Kidnapping or abducting with intent secretly and wrongfully to confine a person; 366. Kidnapping or abducting a woman to compel her marriage, etc.; 367. Kidnapping or abducting in order to subject a person to grievous hurt, slavery, etc.; 368. Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement a kidnapped person; 369. Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years with intent to steal movable property from the person of such child; 370. Buying or disposing of any person as a slave; 371. Habitual dealing in slaves; 372. Exploiting any person for purposes of prostitution; 372A. Persons living on or trading in prostitution; 372B. Soliciting for purpose of prostitution; 373. Suppression of brothels; 373A. (Deleted); 374. Unlawful compulsory labour

Hostage-Taking: 374A. Hostage-taking

Rape: 375. Rape; 375A. Husband causing hurt in order to have sexual intercourse; 375B. Gang rape; 376. Punishment for rape

Incest: 376A. Incest; 376B. Punishment for incest

Unnatural Offences: 377. Buggery with an animal; 377A. Carnal intercourse against the order of nature; 377B. Punishment for committing carnal intercourse against the order of nature; 377C. Committing carnal intercourse against the order of nature without consent, etc.; 377CA. Sexual connection by object; 377D. Outrages on decency; 377E. Inciting a child to an act of gross indecency

Chapter XVII: Offences Against Property

Theft: 378. Theft; 379. Punishment for theft; 379A. Punishment for theft of a motor vehicle; 380. Theft in dwelling house, etc.; 381. Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master; 382. Theft after preparation made for causing death or hurt in order to commit the theft; 382A. Persons convicted of an offence against section 379, 380 or 382 committing subsequent offence against such sections

Extortion: 383. Extortion; 384. Punishment for extortion; 385. Putting person in fear of injury in order to commit extortion; 386. Extortion by putting a person in fear of death or grievous hurt; 387. Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt in order to commit extortion; 388. Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death, or imprisonment, etc.; 389. Putting person in fear of accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion

Robbery and Gang-Robbery: 390. Robbery; 391. Gang-robbery; 392. Punishment for robbery; 393. Attempt to commit robbery; 394. Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery; 395. Punishment for gang-robbery; 396. Gang-robbery with murder; 397. Robbery when armed or with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt; 398. (Deleted); 399. Making preparation to commit gang-robbery; 400. Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers; 401. Punishment for belonging to wandering gang of thieves; 402. Assembling for purpose of committing gang-robbery

Criminal Misappropriation of Property: 402A. Definition of “agent”, “company”, “director”, “officer”; 403. Dishonest misappropriation of property; 404. Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by a deceased person at the time of his death

Criminal Breach of Trust: 405. Criminal breach of trust; 406. Punishment of criminal breach of trust; 407. Criminal breach of trust by carrier, etc.; 408. Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant; 409. Criminal breach of trust by public servant or agent; 409A. Defence not available; 409B. Presumption

Receiving Stolen Property: 410. Stolen property; 411. Dishonestly receiving stolen property; 411A. Receiving benefit derived from criminal activities of organized criminal group; 412. Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a gang-robbery; 413. Habitually dealing in stolen property; 414. Assisting in concealment of stolen property

Cheating: 415. Cheating; 416. Cheating by personation; 417. Punishment for cheating; 418. Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may be thereby caused to a person whose interest the offender is bound to protect; 419. Punishment for cheating by personation; 420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property

Fraudulent Deeds and Dispositions of Property: 421. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors; 422. Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing from being made available for his creditors a debt or demand due to the offender; 423. Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing a false statement of consideration; 424. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of consideration

Mischief: 425. Mischief; 426. Punishment for committing mischief; 427. Committing mischief and thereby causing damage to the amount of twenty-five ringgit; 428. Mischief by killing or maiming any animal; 429. (Deleted); 430. Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water; 430A. Mischief affecting any public transportation; 431. Mischief by injury to public road, bridge or river; 431A. Mischief by injury to telegraph cable, wire, etc.; 432. Mischief by causing inundation or obstruction to public drainage, attended with damage; 433. Mischief by destroying or moving or rendering less useful a lighthouse or seamark, or by exhibiting false lights; 434. Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a landmark fixed by public authority; 435. Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to cause damage to amount of fifty ringgit; 436. Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to destroy a house, etc.; 437. Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a decked vessel or a vessel of 20 tons burden; 438. Punishment for the mischief described in the last section when committed by fire or any explosive substance; 439. Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc.; 440. Mischief occurring during disturbances, etc.

Criminal Trespass: 441. Criminal trespass; 442. House-trespass; 443. Lurking house-trespass; 444. (Deleted); 445. Housebreaking; 446. (Deleted); 447. Punishment for criminal trespass; 448. Punishment for house-trespass; 449. House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with death; 450. House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment for life; 451. House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment; 452. House-trespass after preparation made for causing hurt to any person; 453. Punishment for lurking house-trespass or housebreaking; 454. (Deleted); 455. Lurking house-trespass or housebreaking after preparation made for causing hurt to any person; 456. (Deleted); 457. Lurking house-trespass or housebreaking by night in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment; 457A. Subsequent offence under section 453 or 457 punishable with whipping after first offence; 458. (Deleted); 459. Grievous hurt caused whilst committing lurking house-trespass or housebreaking; 460. All persons jointly concerned in housebreaking, etc., to be punishable for death, or grievous hurt caused by one of their number; 461. Dishonestly breaking open any closed receptacle containing or supposed to contain property; 462. Punishment for same offence when committed by person entrusted with custody

Chapter XVIII: Offences Relating to Documents and to Currency Notes and Bank Notes

463. Forgery

464. Making a false document

465. Punishment for forgery

466. Forgery of a record of a Court, or public Register of Births, etc.

467. Forgery of a valuable security or will

468. Forgery for the purpose of cheating

469. Forgery for the purpose of harming the reputation of any person

470. “A forged document”

471. Using as genuine a forged document

472. Making or possessing a counterfeit seal, plate, etc., with intent to commit a forgery punishable under section 467

473. Making or possessing a counterfeit seal, plate, etc., with intent to commit a forgery punishable otherwise

474. Having possession of a valuable security or will know to be forged, with intent to use it as genuine

475. Counterfeiting a device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material

476. Counterfeiting a device or mark used for authenticating documents other than those described in section 467 or possessing counterfeit marked material

477. Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of a will

477A. Falsification of accounts

(There are no ss. 478–489)

Currency Notes and Bank Notes: 489A. Forging or counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes; 489B. Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes; 489C. Possession of forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes; 489D. Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes

Chapter XIX: Criminal Breach of Contracts of Service

490. (Deleted)

491. Breach of contract to attend on and supply the wants of helpless persons

492. (Deleted)

Chapter XX: Offences Relating to Marriage

493. Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage

494. Marrying again during the lifetime of husband or wife

495. Same offence with concealment of the former marriage from the person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted

496. Marriage ceremony gone through with fraudulent intent without lawful marriage

(There is no s. 497)

498. Enticing or taking away or detaining with a criminal intent a married woman

Chapter XXI: Defamation

499. Defamation

500. Punishment for defamation

501. Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory

502. Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter

Chapter XXII: Criminal Intimidation, Insult and Annoyance

503. Criminal intimidation

504. Intentional insult with intent to provoke a breach of the peace

505. Statements conducing to public mischief

506. Punishment for criminal intimidation

507. Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication

508. Act caused by inducing a person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure

509. Word or gesture intended to insult the modesty of a person

510. Misconduct in public by a drunken person

Chapter XXIII: Attempts to Commit Offences

511. Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment

External links

Penal Code This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.