Pasca is a town and municipality in the Cundinamarca department of Colombia located in the Andes. It belongs to the Sumapaz Province. Pasca is situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense at a distance of 71 kilometres (44 mi) from the capital Bogotá. It borders Fusagasugá, Sibaté and Soacha in the north, Bogotá D.C. in the north and east, Arbeláez in the south and Fusagasugá in the west. Is the entrance to the Páramo del Sumapaz, the biggest ecosystem in its genre in the world. The urban center is located at an altitude of 2,180 metres (7,150 ft) and the altitude ranges from 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) to 3,500 metres (11,500 ft).[1]
Pasca | |
|---|---|
Town and municipality | |
 Pasca's church and museum façade | |
.svg) Flag .svg) Seal | |
 Location of the municipality and town of Pasca in the Department of Cundinamarca | |
  Pasca Location in Colombia | |
| Coordinates: 4°18′27″N 74°18′3″W / 4.30750°N 74.30083°W | |
| Country |  Colombia |
| Department |  Cundinamarca |
| Province | Sumapaz Province |
| Founded | 15 July 1537 |
| Founded by | Juan de Céspedes |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Mayor | Katerine Mora (2020-2023) |
| Area | |
| • Town and municipality | 264.24 km2 (102.02 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 0.27 km2 (0.10 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2,180 m (7,150 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
| • Town and municipality | 12,175 |
| • Density | 46/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 2,841 |
| • Urban density | 11,000/km2 (27,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Colombian Standard Time) |
| Website | Official website |
Etymology
editPasca in the Chibcha language means "father's enclosure", according to Acosta Ortegón.[2]
History
editPasca in the time before the Spanish conquest was inhabited by the Muisca, organized in their Muisca Confederation. The southern Muisca territories were ruled from Muyquytá, the current capital. On April 6, 1536 conquistadors Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada and his brother started the strenuous march into the inner highlands of Colombia. With 209 men he arrived on March 12, 1537, in Guachetá. From there he led his army to conquer the villages of the Muisca on the Bogotá savanna.[1]
One of his captains, Juan de Céspedes, reached Pasca in July 1537, founding modern Pasca on July 15.[1] It was the last village of the Muisca to be conquered before heading south into the domain of the Sutagao.[2]
Economy
editMain economical activities in Pasca are livestock farming and agriculture, predominantly papa criolla, other potatoes, peas, onions, bunching onions, tree tomatoes, beans, carrots, cabbage, lettuce, tomatoes, corn, blackberries, coriander and the Colombian fruits gulupa and curuba.[1]
Archeology
editThe famous Muisca raft, representing the ritual of El Dorado, was found in Pasca in 1969.[3][4] The raft is now part of the Gold Museum collection in Bogotá.
The town contains an archaeological museum and a natural history museum.
Famous pasqueños
edit- Colombian poet and politician Adolfo León Gómez was born in Pasca and his grandmother, poet Josefa Acevedo de Gomez, lived and wrote her work here
- Native Zoratama lived in Pasca
Ivan Ramiro Sosa cyclist winner of multiple races.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Pasca, elevation 2,256 m (7,402 ft), (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.3 (66.7) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.2 (66.6) |
19.5 (67.1) |
19.7 (67.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
19.5 (67.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 15.7 (60.3) |
15.7 (60.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
15.7 (60.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
15.7 (60.3) |
15.8 (60.4) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
10.5 (50.9) |
11.2 (52.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
11.6 (52.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
11.1 (52.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
11.1 (52.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
11.0 (51.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 53.3 (2.10) |
53.9 (2.12) |
92.0 (3.62) |
102.1 (4.02) |
84.0 (3.31) |
51.0 (2.01) |
45.4 (1.79) |
40.9 (1.61) |
57.0 (2.24) |
106.9 (4.21) |
113.3 (4.46) |
61.1 (2.41) |
860.7 (33.89) |
| Average precipitation days | 11 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 21 | 19 | 20 | 16 | 16 | 20 | 18 | 13 | 191 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 85 | 86 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 139.5 | 118.6 | 99.2 | 81.0 | 86.8 | 96.0 | 93.0 | 102.3 | 96.0 | 93.0 | 90.0 | 124.0 | 1,219.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 4.5 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3.3 |
| Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales[5] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
edit-
Muisca raft found in Pasca, depicting El Dorado ritual
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c d (in Spanish) Official website Pasca Archived 2015-05-22 at archive.today
- ^ a b (in Spanish) Espejo Olaya, Maria Bernarda (1999) Notas sobre toponimia en algunas coplas colombianas Thesaurus. Tomo LIV, Núm. 3. page 1122.
- ^ (in Spanish) Banco de la Republica: Exposición del Museo del Oro del Banco de la República en Bogotá
- ^ (in Spanish) Explanation of the metallurgy of the Muisca raft by Eduardo Londoño - Museo del Oro
- ^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
External links
edit- (in Spanish) Photos of pre-Columbian art found in Pasca
