This traditional list does not accord strictly with human thalamic anatomy.
| List of thalamic nuclei | |
|---|---|
 Thalamic nuclei: (left thalamus, left view) MNG = Midline nuclear group AN = Anterior nuclear group MD = Medial dorsal nucleus VNG = Ventral nuclear group VA = Ventral anterior nucleus VL = Ventral lateral nucleus VPL = Ventral posterolateral nucleus VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus LNG = Lateral nuclear group PUL = Pulvinar MTh = Metathalamus LG = Lateral geniculate nucleus MG = Medial geniculate nucleus | |
 Thalamic nuclei (right thalamus viewed from above right) | |
| Identifiers | |
| MeSH | D013787 |
| TA98 | A14.1.08.602 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |
Nuclear groups of the thalamus include:
- anterior nuclear group[1]
- medial nuclear group (medial dorsal nucleus[6], a.k.a. dorsomedial)
- parvocellular part[7] (a.k.a. parvicellular part)
- magnocellular part[8]
- midline nuclear group[9] or paramedian
- paratenial nucleus[10]
- paraventricular thalamus[11]
- reuniens nucleus[12] (a.k.a. medioventral nucleus)
- rhomboid nucleus[13]
- interanteromedial[14][15]
- intermediodorsal[14][16]
- intralaminar nuclear group[17] (intralaminar nuclei)
- lateral nuclear group[25] in fact a false entity replaced by
- posterior region[26]
- pulvinar[27]
- lateral posterior nucleus[32] belongs to pulvinar
- (lateral dorsal nucleus[5] belongs to anterior group)
- ventral nuclear group[33]
- ventral anterior nucleus[34]
- ventral lateral nucleus[35]
- anterior ventral lateral[36]
- posterior ventral lateral[37]
- ventral medial[38] (a.k.a. medial part of ventral lateral nucleus)
- ventral posterior nucleus[39] or ventrobasal complex
- posterior region[26]
- metathalamus[45] no longer used for the geniculate group
- thalamic reticular nucleus[48] part of the ventral thalamus
Multiple-perspective diagrams of thalamic nuclei
editThe following diagrams show thalamic nuclei in six standard perspectives to help 3-dimensional visualization.
Medial group of left thalamus
edit
- CeM Central Medial[21]
- CL Central Lateral[20]
- CM CentroMedian[23]
- MD Medial Dorsal[6]
- MV MedioVentral = Reuniens.[12]
- Pf Parafascicular[24]
- Lateral view shows sagittal section through left thalamus.
Notes:
- CeM Central Medial is in the intralaminar anterior. (See Intralaminar thalamic nuclei#Structure.)
- CM CentroMedian is in the intralaminar posterior. (See Intralaminar thalamic nuclei#Structure.)
Lateral group of left thalamus
edit
- VA Ventral Anterior[34]
- VL Ventral Lateral[35]
- VM Ventral Medial[38]
- VPI Ventral PosteroInferior[44]
- VPL Ventral PosteroLateral[40]
- VPM Ventral PosteroMedial[43]
- Medial view shows sagittal section through left thalamus.
Notes:
- VM Ventral Medial means the "medial part of the ventral lateral nucleus".[38].
- This is distinct from VentroMedial, which is "a substructure of the ventral group of the dorsal thalamus defined on the basis of connectivity and function in the rat and in the mouse". "It is equivalent to part of the ventral nuclear group lateral to the submedial nucleus in the classical segmentation of the thalamus."[49]
- VPI Ventral PosteroInferior is also known as Ventral Posterior Inferior nucleus.[44]
- It is a subdivision of the ventral posterior nucleus.
Related topics
editReferences
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- ^ a b Sheridan, Nicholas; Tadi, Prasanna (2023), "Neuroanatomy, Thalamic Nuclei", StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, PMID 31751098, retrieved 2023-09-17
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