Ostrobothnians (Finnish: Pohjalaiset, IPA: [ˈpohjɑˌlɑi̯set]) are a subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people who live in the areas of the historical province of Ostrobothnia in the northwestern parts of Finland.
 Coat of arms of the historical province of Ostrobothnia | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| South, Central and North Ostrobothnia | |
| Languages | |
| Finnish (South, Central and Northern Ostrobothnian dialects) | |
| Religion | |
| Lutheranism (Awakening and Laestadianism) | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Finns |
History
editOstrobothnians descend from Tavastians and Savonians, the latter started to settle in Ostrobothnia during the 1500s.[1][2]
A notable historical event involving the Ostrobothnians is the Cudgel War, in which peasants led by the local rebel leader Jaakko Ilkka rose in a revolt against the nobility during the Swedish rule.[3]
Dialects
edit
The South Ostrobothnian dialect is characterized by the changed of /d/ in Finnish to /r/ in Ostrobothnia leh(e)ren (Finnish: lehden, lit. 'leaf's'), the middle vowel in tylysä (Finnish: tylsä, lit. 'boring') and the diphthongs uo, yö and ie changing into ua, yä and iä.[4]
The Central and North Ostrobothnian dialects have been influenced by the Savonian dialects. They have changed the written Finnish sound of /t͡s/ into /s:/ or /ʰt/ and the vowels -ea and -eä into -ia and -iä.[5]
Description and stereotypes
editThe stereotypical Ostrobothnian is brave, calm and dependable.[6][7][8]
Many Ostrobothnians are either Laestadians,[9] or active in the Awakening movement (körttiläisyys).[10]
Notable Ostrobothnians
edit- Alvar Aalto, architect and designer
- Heidi Hautala, politician
- Antti Isotalo, criminal and Puukkojunkkari
- Jussi Jokinen, ice hockey player
- Kyösti Kallio, president of Finland between 1937-1940
- Mari Kiviniemi, politician
- Jorma Kontio, harness racing driver
- Petri Kontiola, ice hockey player
- Pekka Korpi, harness racing driver
- Timo Kotipelto, musician
- Vilho Lampi, painter
- Jari-Matti Latvala, rally driver
- Jarppi Leppälä, stunt performer and member of The Dudesons
- Juha Mieto, cross-country skier
- Teemu Mäki, artist and writer
- Antti Niemi, footballer
- Janne Niinimaa, ice hockey player
- Jorma Ollila, businessman and former CEO of Nokia
- Jorma Panula, conductor and composer
- Tero Pitkämäki, athlete
- Erkki Raappana, Major General
- Jukka Rautakorpi, ice hockey coach
- Topi Sorsakoski, singer
- Jutta Urpilainen, politician
- Hannu Väisänen, artist, painter and writer
- Juha Väätäinen, athlete
- Niilo Yli-Vainio, preacher
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Suomen heimojen peruspiirteet". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). 2003-12-28. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
- ^ Lappalainen, Tuuli; Koivumäki, Satu; Salmela, Elina; Huoponen, Kirsi; Sistonen, Pertti; Savontaus, Marja-Liisa; Lahermo, Päivi (2006). "Regional differences among the Finns: A Y-chromosomal perspective". Gene. 376 (2): 207–215. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.03.004. PMID 16644145.
Geographically, Northern Ostrobothnia is in the west but it was populated from Eastern Finland during the 1500s, and is thus genetically regarded as an eastern province.
- ^ "Nuijasota oli hyvin verinen sisällissota – Kunnaksen uusi Koiramäki-kirja kertoo siitäkin lapsille sopivasti". Yle Uutiset (in Finnish). 25 October 2017. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Eteläpohjalaisten murteiden piirteitä". sokl.uef.fi. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Keski- ja pohjoispohjalaisia murrepiirteitä". sokl.uef.fi. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Suomen heimojen peruspiirteet". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish). 2003-12-28. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Professori Hannu Katajamäki: Pohjalaiset ymmärretään usein väärin". Studio55.fi (in Finnish). 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Heimoerot: pohjalaiset". yle.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Lestadiolaiset pitävät Pohjois-Pohjanmaan väkiluvun kasvussa". Kaleva (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.
- ^ "Körttiläiset". yle.fi (in Finnish). Retrieved 2021-05-26.