Nowshahr (Persian: نوشهر)[a] is a city in the Central District of Nowshahr County, Mazandaran province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[4] It is a port city[5] on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.
Nowshahr
Persian: نوشهر | |
|---|---|
City | |
 | |
  Nowshahr | |
| Coordinates: 36°38′51″N 51°29′35″E / 36.64750°N 51.49306°E[1] | |
| Country | Iran |
| Province | Mazandaran |
| County | Nowshahr |
| District | Central |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor, City Council |
| • Mayor | Ali Amani "(Interim)" |
| • Representative in Majles | MohammadAli Mohseni Bandpey |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,717.5 km2 (663.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2016)[2] | |
| • Total | 49,403 |
| • Density | 29/km2 (74/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3:30 (IRST) |
| Website | noshahr |
History
editRuyan is a region in the west of Mazandaran province. This land includes Kojur, Kalārestāq and Tonekabon. The city of Kojur was the center of the land of the Ruyans. Ruyan has always been part of Tabaristan, nowadays called Mazandaran province. Ruyan was also called Rostamdār, Ostandār and Rostamdele.[6]
The city of Chalus and its associated towns and villages were part of the Nowshahr township prior to 1996, after which they formed the new township of by legislation from the national parliament.[citation needed]
Demographics
editLanguage and ethnicity
edit
The largest ethnic group in Nowshahr is the Mazandarani people and they speak the Kojuri dialect of the language. They are also fluent in Persian, the official language of Iran.[7]
Population
editAt the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 40,578 in 11,550 households.[8] The following census in 2011 counted 43,378 people in 12,695 households.[9] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 49,403 people in 16,287 households.[2]
Climate
editNowshahr has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa, Trewartha: Cf), with warm, humid summers and cool, damp winters.
| Climate data for Noushahr (1977–2010, extremes 1977-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.0 (93.2) |
34.8 (94.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
34.0 (93.2) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.6 (97.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
26.0 (78.8) |
36.6 (97.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 11.0 (51.8) |
10.7 (51.3) |
12.3 (54.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
26.1 (79.0) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.9 (84.0) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.1 (71.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
13.6 (56.5) |
19.6 (67.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.4 (45.3) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.4 (65.1) |
22.8 (73.0) |
25.3 (77.5) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
18.4 (65.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
16.2 (61.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
6.6 (43.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
15.3 (59.5) |
19.6 (67.3) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.0 (71.6) |
19.4 (66.9) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
12.8 (55.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
1.8 (35.2) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
14.8 (58.6) |
15.8 (60.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
6.0 (42.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 104.1 (4.10) |
87.4 (3.44) |
80.4 (3.17) |
50.7 (2.00) |
47.1 (1.85) |
49.5 (1.95) |
33.1 (1.30) |
64.8 (2.55) |
169.2 (6.66) |
243.5 (9.59) |
199.9 (7.87) |
143.1 (5.63) |
1,272.8 (50.11) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 3.4 (1.3) |
2.3 (0.9) |
0.4 (0.2) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.2 (0.1) |
6.3 (2.5) |
| Average precipitation days | 11.7 | 11.9 | 13.6 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 9.4 | 10.8 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 131.9 |
| Average snowy days | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 85 | 87 | 86 | 84 | 81 | 79 | 81 | 84 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 84 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 4.6 (40.3) |
4.8 (40.6) |
7.0 (44.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
21.8 (71.2) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
15.7 (60.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.3 (56.0) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 122.5 | 111.9 | 114.0 | 140.8 | 190.0 | 206.8 | 206.6 | 179.8 | 147.1 | 147.1 | 129.9 | 119.8 | 1,816.3 |
| Source 1: Iran Meteorological Organization[10] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[11] (snowfall 1981-2010[12]) | |||||||||||||
Industry
editThe city has been slow to industrialize due to environmental considerations and having an already vibrant economy based on tourism, ship transport and agriculture. Nevertheless there are local food processing, timber treatment and steel industries. Recently[when?], a trailer assembly plant has opened in cooperation with the MAZ of Belarus.
Port facilities
editThe Dual-use port of Noshahr was built by a Dutch contracting firm in late 1920s and is one of the most active ports of Iran in the Caspian Sea.[13]
Transportation
editNoshahr Airport, previously an army airbase and currently a civilian-only airport is located on the western part of the city.
Tourism
editWith its humid, subtropical climate, sea bathing in the waters of the Caspian, and the natural environment of its mountains, Nowshahr has long been a destination for domestic tourism in Iran. It attracts visitors by the hundreds of thousands every year to its hotels and private villas, by virtue of its transport links with the other cities of Northern Iran. During the reign of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Nowshahr was known unofficially as the 'second capital' or 'summer capital' of Iran because it was the city in which the Shah and most high-level government officials chose to live and work during the summer months.
-
Tourists in July 2012 -
Sisangan Beach -
Mole of Nowshahr -
Street in Nowshahr -
Nowshahr Bazaar -
National Botanical Garden of Iran
.jpg)
Sports and leisure
editNoshahr was home the Shamoushak who competed in the Persian Gulf Pro League from 2003 to 2006. Shamoushak folded its football team in 2013.[14][15]
Universities
edit
The city is home to Imam Khomeini University for Naval Sciences, some branches and campuses of Azad University of Nowshahr and Chalus, and Royan Institute of Higher Education.[citation needed]
Notable people
edit- Pooran Farrokhzad (b. 1933) – poet
- Mohammad Rouyanian (b. 1960) – member of IRGC
- Mohsen Ashouri (b. 1965) – football player
- Parviz Shiva (b. 1963) – Businessman
- Reza Sheykholeslam (b. 1967) – politician
- Kianoush Rahmati (b. 1978) – football player
- Rahman Ahmadi (b. 1980) – football player
- Hassan Rangraz (b. 1980) – wrestler
- Bahman Tahmasebi (b. 1980) – football player
- Esmaeil Bale (b. 1985) – football player
- Meysam Hosseini (b. 1987) – football player
See also
edit
Media related to Nowshahr at Wikimedia Commons
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ OpenStreetMap contributors (27 May 2023). "Nowshahr, Nowshahr County" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in Persian). Retrieved 27 May 2023.
- ^ a b "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02. Archived from the original (Excel) on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ Nowshahr can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3077276" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
- ^ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city". Lamtakam (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ^ "Over $14m Invested in Nowshahr Port Since 2013". financialtribune.com. 2 May 2017.
- ^ "KALĀRESTĀQ i. The District and Sub-District". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
- ^ "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica".
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
- ^ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 02. Archived from the original (Excel) on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
- ^ "آمار 166 ايستگاه سينوپتيك كشور تا پایان سال 2010 میلادی + 37 ایستگاه تا پایان سال 2005". Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ^ "WMO Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Nowshahr-40734" (CSV). ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 10 March 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "WMO Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Nowshahr-40734" (XLS). ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 4. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "PMO – Nowshahr Port". noshahrport.pmo.ir. Ports & Maritime Organization (Iran). Retrieved 6 June 2017.
- ^ "دوباره نوشهر؛ دوباره فوتبال (عکس)". www.varzesh3.com. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
- ^ "خبرگزاری فارس - دروازهبان شموشک نوشهر در جمع برترین دروازهبانان اروپا". خبرگزاری فارس. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2020.