Abu Nu'aym[1] Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj[2] ibn Jafna ibn Qatira al-Sakuni[3] al-Tujibi[4] al-Kindi[5] Arabic: معاوية بن حديج بن جفنة بن قتيرة التجيبي, was a general of the Kindah tribe under Muawiyah I in Ifriqiya. Mu'awiyah ibn Hudayj participated in the Early Muslim conquests against Byzantines in Levant, Sicily and Ifriqiya, and also against Sasanian Empire in the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah.
Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj | |
|---|---|
| Governor of Ifriqiya | |
| In office c. 665–666 | |
| Monarch | Muawiyah I |
| Succeeded by | Uqba ibn Nafi |
| Personal details | |
| Died | c. 670 Egypt |
| Relations |
|
| Children | Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu'awiya ibn Hudayj |
| Parent |
|
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Rashidun Caliphate Muawiyah I Umayyad Caliphate |
| Years of service | 636–661 |
| Rank | Soldier (636–661) General (661–665) |
Biography
editHe participated in the Battle of Yarmuk,[6] the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah,[7] and the Battle of Jalula.[8]
According to Ali ibn al-Athir in his Usd al-ghabah fi marifat al-Saḥabah, Mu'awiyah ibn Hudayj participated in the Muslim conquest of North Africa under Abdallah ibn Sa'd against the Berbers.[9] Ibn Hudayj continued to serve under Abdullah ibn Abi Sarh during the siege of Dongola, capital of Makuria kingdom.[10][9] During this battle, Ibn Hudayj lost one of his eye.[10] Later in the year of 44 AH (664-665 AD), Ibn Hudayj launched a sudden attack towards island of Sicily.[11] Ibn Hudayj brought two hundred ships during this invasion which was prepared by his superior, Mu'awiyah.[12] Ibn Hudayj managed to seized massive spoils of war from this campaign, when he returned to Levant in 665 AD.[12] According to Al-Baladhuri, He invaded the island of Sicily on the authority of Mu'awiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, and the first Muslim commander to infest the island.[13]
After the first invasion, Ibn Hudayj continued to raid the island routinely for the rest of Muslim conquest.[13]
He led 10,000 troops in the area of Sousse (Hadrumetum).[6]
After the Siege of Uthman and Uthman's death, Ibn Hudayj called for retribution.[14] In 658, he killed Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.
He garrisoned troops in the Kairouan area[15] (654-665) and conducted operations against Hadrumetum in the Tacape (Lesser Syrtis) region. He would conduct raids on Sicily in 44 AH (666).[16] He was made the governor of Barqah (Cyrenaica) in 47 AH (669).[17]
Ibn Taghribirdi, Ibn al-Athir and al-Tabari all record a story that Ibn Hudayj blocked the appointment of Ibn Umm al-Hakam as governor of Egypt in 678, although he was long dead by that time.[3]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Also Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, cf. Pellat 1993.
- ^ Ibn Khadīj, according to the Jamhara of Ibn al-Kalbī, cf. Pellat 1993.
- ^ a b Pellat 1993.
- ^ Usd al-Ghabah 4 / 383
- ^ Al-Bidāya wa-n-Nihāya/Part Seven/Then I entered the year thirty-eight
- ^ a b Muslim Expansion and Byzantine Collapse in North Africa By Walter E. Kaegi, Walter Emil Kaegi. Page 180.
- ^ Ṭabarī, ., & Friedmann, Y. (1992). The battle of al-Qādisiyyah and the conquest of Syria and Palestine: A.D. 635-637/A.H. 14-15. Albany: State University of New York Press. Page 12.
- ^ L' Afrique vandale et byzantine: Revue internationale d'histoire et d'archéologie (IVe - VIIIe s.). (2002). Turnhout: Brepols. Page 282
- ^ a b Muḥammad Lamīlam 1985, p. 38-39
- ^ a b Akram 1977, p. 206
- ^ Akram 1977, p. 201
- ^ a b Ibn al-Dabbaj, al-Khayali & ibn Mahmud 2005, p. 73
- ^ a b al-Afani 2003, p. 423
- ^ Ṭabarī, A.-G. M. I.-G., & Yar-Shater, E. (1996). The first civil war. Albany, NY: State Univ. of New York Pr. Page 144
- ^ Abun-Nasr, J. M. (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Page 28
- ^ A. I. Akram, The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 201
- ^ A. I. Akram. The Muslim conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons, 1977. Page 206
Bibliography
edit- Akram, A. I. (1977). The Muslim Conquest of Egypt and North Africa. Ferozsons. ISBN 978-969-0-00224-2.
- al-Afani, Sayid Hussain (2003). فرسان النهار من الصحابة الأخيار - ج 5 [Knights of the day of the companions good guys] (in Arabic). Riyadh: Dar al Majid Asiri. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
- Ibn al-Dabbaj, Abu al-Qasim; al-Khayali, Abdul Majid; ibn Mahmud, Abdurrahman (2005). معالم الإيمان في معرفة أهل القيروان / Volumes 1-2 [Signs of faith in the knowledge of the people of Kairouan] (Professor, Doctorate) (in Arabic). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al Kotob al Ilmiyah. ISBN 9782745144850. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
- Muḥammad Lamīlam, ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz (1985). حسان ابن النعمان الغساني ودوره في فتح بلاد المغرب [Hassan Ibn al-Nu'man al-Ghassani and his role in the conquest of the Maghreb] (Ebook) (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 December 2021.
- Pellat, Charles (1993). "Muʿāwiya b. Ḥudaydj". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 269. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.