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PASOK – Movement for Change

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The PASOK – Movement for Change (PASOK-KINAL; Greek: ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής, romanized: PASOK – Kínima Allagís, abbr. ΚΙΝΑΛ)[6] is a political alliance in Greece, which was founded in March 2018, initially as "Movement for Change" (Kínima Allagís), mainly affiliated with the centre-left of the political spectrum. It includes the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO).

PASOK – Movement for Change
ΠΑΣΟΚ – Κίνημα Αλλαγής
AbbreviationPASOK-KINAL
PresidentNikos Androulakis
SecretaryAndreas Spiropoulos
FounderFofi Gennimata
Founded28 November 2017 (launch)
16–18 March 2018 (foundation)
9 May 2022
(Renaming as PASOK – Movement for Change)
Preceded byDemocratic Alignment
Youth wingNew Generation of Change Movement[1]
IdeologySocial democracy[2]
Pro-Europeanism[3]
Political positionCentre[4] to Centre-left[5]
European affiliationParty of European Socialists
European Parliament groupProgressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats
International affiliationSocialist International
Progressive Alliance
Affiliate partiesPASOK
KIDISO
[Κ.Π.Σ] . . . . . E.D.E.M
ΑΝΑΡ
Former member partiesThe River (2017–2018)
DIMAR (2017–2019)
Parliament
31 / 300
European Parliament
3 / 21
Regional governors
2 / 13
Regional councillors
114 / 611
Mayors
19 / 332
Website
kinimaallagis.gr Edit this at Wikidata

History

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In July 2017, PASOK leader Fofi Gennimata announced the formation of a new unified centre-left party in Greece before the end of the year.[7] In the summer of 2017, Stavros Theodorakis, leader and founder of The River also decided to participate in the creation of the alliance. After the leadership election, both PASOK–DIMAR and The River planned to continue with separate parliamentary groups until the new alliance's founding congress, scheduled for spring 2018.[8][9] On 12 November 2017, the first round of leadership elections was held to select the new party's founding leader. Nine initial leadership candidates included Gennimata, Theodorakis, Athens mayor Giorgos Kaminis, PASOK MEP Nikos Androulakis, EDEM party leader Apostolos Pontas, academic Constantinos Gatsios, former PASOK ministers Yiannis Maniatis and Yiannis Ragousis, and Dimitris Tziotis.[10][11] The candidates reaching the second-round election were Gennimata, with 44.5% of the vote, and Androulakis, with 25.4%.[12][13] The run-off on 19 November was won by Gennimata, who garnered 56% of the vote.[14][15] On 28 November 2017, “Movement for Change” (Kinima Allagis) was announced as the preliminary name of the alliance.[16][17] On 2 December 2017, the party's six-member ruling council was announced, being composed of Gennimata, Theodorakis, Androulakis, Kaminis, DIMAR leader Thanasis Theocharopoulos and former PASOK Prime Minister George Papandreou.[18]

The alliance held its founding congress on 16–18 March in Athens. During the congress, the new logo was unveiled and the alliance's charter and policy program was approved by the overwhelming majority of members.[19][20]

On 2 July 2018, The River left KINAL.[21] On 20 January 2019, DIMAR also left KINAL due to its position of supporting the Prespa agreement.[22] On 1 June 2019 former PASOK leader Evangelos Venizelos left KINAL, accusing Gennimata of turning the Movement into "SYRIZA's tail".[23]

KINAL increased its obtained seats in the 2019 Greek legislative election compared to Democratic Alignment, becoming Greece's third-largest party and securing 22 seats in the Hellenic Parliament.[24] Following the election, KINAL positioned itself into opposition to the new Mitsotakis Government.[25]

Gennimata died on 25 October 2021 at the Evangelismos Hospital in Athens from cancer.[26]

Elections for the new leader took place in December 2021, with the main candidates being Andreas Loverdos, Nikos Androulakis, and George Papandreou. Nikos Androulakis was elected to lead the KINAL and PASOK on 12 December 2021.[27]

On 1 April 2022, Androulakis announced an internal referendum to be held on 8 May.[28] The referendum was held to decide whether to rename the alliance to "PASOK – Movement of Change" and also to change the emblem.[29] The proposal to change the emblem and name was accepted with a percentage of 95%.[30] The new emblem was unveiled two weeks later, with the traditional green sun having changed hue in a gradient from dark to lighter from left to right.[31][32][33]

In the 2024 EU election the party improved its showing, but remained stagnant from legislative elections and failed to fulfill its goal of reasserting itself as the official opposition. This triggered a crisis within the party, with the credibility of Nikos Androulakis’s leadership being called into question. Some in the party also floated the possibility of an alliance with Syriza in advance of the 2027 legislative elections, including Syriza MP Nikos Pappas and Athens’s PASOK mayor Haris Doukas. On 30 June 2024, after internal party pressure, leadership elections were called for 6 October of the same year.

Composition

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The alliance is composed of the following parties:

Party Ideology Leader
  Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) Social democracy Nikos Androulakis
Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO) Social democracy Giorgos Papandreou
Union for Democratic Reform (EDEM) Social liberalism Apostolos Pontas
Citizens' Movements for Social Democracy Social democracy Mihalis Halaris

Ανανεωτική αριστερά|}

Until 2019, the alliance also included the following parties:

Party Ideology Leader
The River (To Potami) Social liberalism Stavros Theodorakis
  Democratic Left (DIMAR) Democratic socialism Thanasis Theocharopoulos

Election results

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Hellenic Parliament

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Election Hellenic Parliament Rank Government Leader
Votes % ±pp Seats won +/−
2019 457,519 8.10% New
22 / 300
 New #3 Opposition Fofi Gennimata
May 2023 676,166 11.46% +3.36
41 / 300
   19 #3 Snap election Nikos Androulakis
Jun 2023 617,315 11.85% +0.39
32 / 300
   9 #3 Opposition

European Parliament

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European Parliament
Election Votes % ±pp Seats won +/− Rank Leader EP Group
2019 436,735 7.72%   0.30
2 / 21
   0 #3 Fofi Gennimata S&D
2024 508,399 12.79%   5.07
3 / 21
   1 #3 Nikos Androulakis

References

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  1. ^ "Κίνημα Μαθητών, μία νέα αρχή". 9 August 2019.
  2. ^ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  3. ^ Gaffney, John (11 September 2002). Political Parties and the European Union. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-87616-7.
  4. ^ Schmidt, Vivien Ann (2020). Europe's Crisis of Legitimacy: Governing by Rules and Ruling by Numbers in the Eurozone. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-879705-0.
  5. ^ Kostas Tasoulas secures wide MP support as new House president. Kathimerini.
  6. ^ "ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αποστάσεις από ΣΥΡΙΖΑ και Ν.Δ. με το βλέμμα στα γκάλοπ". Kathimerini.
  7. ^ "New Center-Left Party to Be Formed by December in Greece". Greece.greekreporter.com. July 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  8. ^ "Theodorakis outlines road map for new center-left party". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  9. ^ "Center-left candidate shoots barbs after televised debate". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  10. ^ "Polls Opened in Greece for Leader of New Centre-Left Party". Greece.greekreporter.com. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  11. ^ "Center-left candidates brace for Sunday's leadership vote | News | ekathimerini.com". Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  12. ^ "Fofi Gennimata Closes in on Leadership of New Centre-Left Party in Greece". Greece.greekreporter.com. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  13. ^ "Gennimata, Androulakis head for center-left leader poll runoff". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  14. ^ "New Center-Left Coalition Party Elects PASOK Leader Fofi Gennimata". Greece.greekreporter.com. 20 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  15. ^ "Gennimata elected leader of the center-left party to be created". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  16. ^ "Name of center-left grouping to be Movement for Change". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  17. ^ Ioannou, Theo (28 November 2017). "Movement of Change: Greek Centre-Left Coalition Unveils Name". Greekreporter.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  18. ^ "Center-left reveals members of top decision-making body". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  19. ^ "New center left party wraps up inaugural conference unveils new logo". Ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  20. ^ balkaneu.com
  21. ^ "Αποχώρηση από το Ποτάμι μετά το διαζύγιο με το ΚΙΝΑΛ". Kathimerini.
  22. ^ "Συμφωνία των Πρεσπών". CNN Greece.
  23. ^ "Venizelos quits socialist KINAL | Kathimerini". www.ekathimerini.com. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  24. ^ "Nationwide | National elections – July 2019". ekloges.ypes.gr. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  25. ^ "Gennimata: KINAL will mount responsible, policy-based opposition". Athens-Macedonian News Agency. 7 July 2019.
  26. ^ "Greek Socialist leader Gennimata dies after long illness". Kathimerini. 25 October 2021.
  27. ^ Nikos Androulakis Elected New Leader of Greece’s Center-Left
  28. ^ "Επίσημο: Ο Ανδρουλάκης μετονομάζει το ΚΙΝΑΛ - Εσωκομματικό δημοψήφισμα 8 Μαΐου, ποιο είναι το πιο πιθανό όνομα". iefimerida.gr. 1 April 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  29. ^ "Εκλογές ΚΙΝΑΛ: Αυτό είναι το ψηφοδέλτιο για την αλλαγή ονόματος". newsit.gr. 6 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  30. ^ "Εκλογές ΠΑΣΟΚ: 179.005 πολίτες ψήφισαν για την αλλαγή ονόματος – Το 95% επέλεξε ΠΑΣΟΚ-ΚΙΝΑΛ". Newsbomb.gr. 9 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  31. ^ "ΠΑΣΟΚ-Κίνημα Αλλαγής: Αυτό είναι το νέο λογότυπο". Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ. 24 May 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  32. ^ "PASOK, the return: Over 170K KINAL members vote for name change". Keep Talking Greece. 9 May 2022.
  33. ^ "PASOK returns to the green sun". Kathimerini. 24 May 2022.
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