The Mohmand (Pashto: مومند) or Momand is a prominent tribe of Pashtun people.[1]

Mohmand tribe
مومند
Languages
Pashto
Religion
Sunni Islam

Distribution

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They are based primarily in the Mohmand territory, which is located in Nangarhar, Afghanistan and Mohmand Agency, Pakistan. In Afghanistan, their areas of presence include Nangarhar, Ghazni, Kunar, Logar and Kunduz. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa they predominantly reside in the Mohmand Agency (formerly part of the Tribal Areas), with others later settling in Charsadda, Mardan and Peshawar District.[2][3][4]

History

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The Mohmand Ghoryakhel originally lived in the present-day Mohmand region, as well as in areas of Kandahar, Ghazni, Ghor, and between the basins of the Tarnak, Oxus and Indus rivers, along the present Afghanistan-Pakistan border.

Ghoryakhel consists of tribes led by the son of Kand, son of Kharshbun, son of Sarban, and son of Qais Abdur Rashid, who lived in Ghwara Marghay Arghistan Qandahar, mostly in Ghazni, Nangarhar, Logar, Ghor, Kabul, Kunar, Paktia, Kunduz, Zabul and Herat. Ghoryakhel had four sons, Chamkani, Daulatyar, Khalil and Zirani. Daulatyar had two sons Mohmands and Daudzai

The Mohmand are historically known for resisting outside forces. From 1672 to 1676, under the leadership of Aimal Khan Mohmand, they rebelled and fought deadly wars against the Mughal Army.[5] They also battled the British Empire in multiple wars, including taking part in the 1897 Frontier Revolt, alongside other rebellions across Pashtunistan, for Afghan Independence in the 1919 Anglo-Afghan War and they also fought independently in the 1935 Mohmand Campaign.[6] Additionally, the Mohmand people resisted other invaders of Afghanistan, such as during the Soviet–Afghan War as well as the American War in Afghanistan including against Pakistan Security Forces.[7]

In May 2018, Mohmand tribal elders condemned the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and expressed support for the creation of a separate province, Qabailistan.[8]

Notables

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References

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  1. ^ "Mohmand tribe". Khyber.org website. Archived from the original on 25 February 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ Nisar, S., & Raza S. S. (2022). Borders Divide: Fencing the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border and the Question of Political Identity of Mohmand tribe. Global Strategic & Security Studies Review, VII (II), 25-30 University of Peshawar
  3. ^ The Program for Culture & Conflict Studies Mohmand tribe Naval Postgraduate School
  4. ^ Peter Bergen, Katherine Tiedemann (2012) Talibanistan: Negotiating the Borders Between Terror, Politics, and Religion Oxford University Press
  5. ^ Momand, Ahmad Gul. The Bare Language of Khoshal's Poetry. Nangarhar University. p. 13.
  6. ^ Lee, Jonathan (2019). Afghanistan: A History from 1260 to the Present. Reaktion Books. pp. 395–397, 461. ISBN 9781789140101.
  7. ^ Amnesty International (2010) ‘As if Hell fell on me’ Crisis in North West Pakistan
  8. ^ Mohmand, Mureeb (29 May 2018). "Aftermath: Mohmand tribe opposes Fata, K-P merger". The Express Tribune (newspaper). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  9. ^ Jenny Norton (23 March 2014). "Afghanistan's first spaceman returns home (as part of Soviet space program - Soyuz Mir crew)". BBC News website. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
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