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Mīr Muḥammad Zāhid Harawī (Persian: میر محمد زاهد هروی; died 1689) was an Islamic scholar, historian, and chronicler. He is considered to be one of the authors of the historic Dars-i Nizami curriculum.[1][2][3][4]
Mir Zahid Harawi | |
|---|---|
زاهد هروی | |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Mughal Empire |
| Died | 1101 AH (1689-1690 CE) Kabul, Mughal Empire |
| Parent |
|
| Other names | Mirza Zahid |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| School | Hanafi |
| Tariqa | Naqshbandi |
| Muslim leader | |
| Based in | Kabul |
| Period in office | 17th-century |
Students | |
Early life
editZahid was born in Hindustan. His father, Qadi Muhammad Aslam (d. 1651), was from Herat in and migrated to Lahore during the reign of the Mughal emperor Jahangir. The emperor was impressed with Aslam's piety and religiosity and offered him a position as the Qadi (judge) of Kabul and later of the army. The next Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, reinstated his position as Qadi and declared Aslam as his Imam-e-Khas.[5]
Zahid's education began with his father. He studied under Mullah Muhammad Fazil Badakhshani and Mullah Sadiq Halwai in Kabul. After that, he went to Turan, where he studied under Mirza Muhammad Jan Shirazi . He studied hikmah under Shirazi's student Mullah Yusuf. Sometime after, Zahid returned to Lahore, where he studied with Mullah Jamal.[5]
Career
editIn Ramadan 1054 AH (July 1654), Shah Jahan appointed him as the chronicler of Kabul. Zahid remained in this position during the reign of Aurangzeb. In 1666, he was appointed as the accountant for the Mughal army. Aurangzeb later appointed him to the presidency of Kabul. While serving as the army accountant in Akbarabad, Zahid continued to teach Islamic studies. He taught the science of rationality to Shah Abdur Rahim. Towards the end of his life, Zahid started to focus more on teaching and retired from his imperial employment. Some of his students travelled from faraway places, such as Muhammad Salih of Bengal.[6]
Harawi was a relative of Masum Sirhindi (son of Ahmad Sirhindi) of the Naqshbandi order and was one of his successors (Khalifa). Shah Waliullah Dehlawi praised Harawi for his piety in his work Anfas-ul-Arifin. ' Abd al-Haqq al-Dehlawi notes that Harawi had great confidence in the wisdom of Waliullah's father Shah Abdur Rahim on matters of jurisprudence.[7]
Works
editHarawi wrote several hashiyas(glossary) such as Hashiya Sharh Muwaqif, Hashiya Sharh Tahzeeb Allama Dwani, Hashiya Risala Qutbuddin Razi, and Hashiya Sharh Hayakal.
Death
editHarawi died in 1101 AH (1689-1690 CE) in Kabul.
References
edit- ^ "زاهد هروی ، محمد".
- ^ Robinson, Francis (September 12, 2001). The 'Ulama of Farangi Mahall and Islamic Culture in South Asia. C. Hurst. ISBN 9781850654759 – via Google Books.
- ^ Cook, Michael A.; Ahmed, Asad; Sadeghi, Behnam; Bonner, Michael (21 March 2011). The Islamic Scholarly Tradition: Studies in History, Law, and Thought in Honor of Professor Michael Allan Cook. ISBN 978-9004194359.
- ^ Ahmed, Asad Q. (July 19, 2022). Palimpsests of Themselves: Logic and Commentary in Postclassical Muslim South Asia. Univ of California Press. ISBN 9780520344655 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b بزم تیموریہ: صفحہ 215۔
- ^ تذکرہ مصنفین درس نظامی: صفحہ 235۔
- ^ تذکرہ مصنفین درس نظامی: صفحہ 236۔
Bibliography
edit- Rahi, Akhtar (1978). "Mir Muhammad Zahid Harawi". تذکرہ منصنفین درس نظامی [Discussing the authors of Dars-i-Nizami] (in Urdu). Lahore: Maktabah Rahmaniyah. pp. 234–237. OCLC 793843738.
- Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1996). Routledge History of World Philosophies. Vol. 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 1067. Retrieved 3 January 2023.