List of historians by area of study

This is a list of historians categorized by their area of study. See also List of historians and List of women historians by area of study.

By time period

Ancient history

• Sedat Alp (1913, Veroia, The Ottoman Empire - 2006, Ankara, Türkiye) Hittitolog- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
• Ekrem Akurgal (1911, Haifa, The Ottoman Empire- 2002, İzmir, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
• Leonie Archer (born 1955) – Graeco-Roman Palestine
• Mary Beard (born 1955)
• Anatoly Bokschanin (1903–1979) – Roman history
• Fernand Braudel (1902, Luméville-en-Ornois, France - 1985, Cluses, France ) Roman history
• Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton (1900–1993) – Roman history and prosopography
• Halet Çambel (1916, Berlin, Germany- 2014, İstanbul, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
• Michael Crawford (born 1939)
• Roland Étienne (born 1944, French) – Ancient Greece and Hellenistic period
• Moses Finley (1912–1986)
• Edward Gibbon (1737–1794) – The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
• Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969, British) – Roman history
• Peter Green (1924–2024) – Ancient Greece and Macedon
• Herodotus
• Keith Hopkins (1934–2004) - Roman history
• Muazzez İlmiye Çığ (1914–2024, Bursa-Türkiye) Sumerologist, Sumerian history
• Josephus
• Yuliya Kolosovskaya (1920–2002) – Roman history and Roman provinces of the Danube
• Sergey Kovalev (1886–1960) – Hellenistic and Roman period
• Mikhail Kublanov (1914–1998)
• Barbara Levick (1931–2023) – Roman emperors
• Livy
• Ramsay MacMullen (1928–2022) – History of Rome
• Nikolai Mashkin (1900–1950) – Roman history
• Fergus Millar (1935–2019)
• Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903) History of Rome
• Barthold Georg Niebuhr (1776–1831) – Roman history
• Orosius
• Tahsin Özgüç (1916, Kardzhali, The Ottoman Empire- 2005, Ankara, Türkiye) Archaeologist- Historian, Ancient Anatolian
• Edward Togo Salmon (1905–1988) - Roman history
• Howard Hayes Scullard (1903–1983) – Roman civilization
• Mariya Sergeyenko (1891–1987) – Roman agriculture and daily life
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – Ancient India
• Elena Shtaerman (1914–1991) – Roman history
• Suetonius
• Ronald Syme (1903–1989) – Classical period
• Tacitus
• Joseph Tainter (born 1949)
• Lily Ross Taylor (1886–1969) - Roman history
• Thucydides
• Andrew Wallace-Hadrill (born 1951)
• Max Weber (1864–1920)
• Xenophon
• Polybius

Medieval history

• John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. (born 1939) - American medievalist specialized in the history of Central and Southeastern Europe, and Balkans
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – early medieval History of India
• Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (born 1940) – historian of medieval medicine
• Placido Puccinelli (1609–1685, Italian) – Northern Italy in the 10th century and the Florentine church
• Marc Bloch (1886–1944, French) – Medieval France
• John Boswell (1947–1994, American) – Homosexuality in the Middle Ages
• Norman Cantor (1930–2004)
• Georges Duby (1924–1996, French) – Specialized in the history of France between the Capets and the Valois
• François-Louis Ganshof (1895–1980), Belgian – wrote on early medieval institutional history and feudalism
• Geoffrey of Monmouth
• Giraldus Cambrensis
• Johan Huizinga (1872–1945, Dutch) – cultural history, wrote Waning of the Middle Ages
• Jacques Le Goff (1924–2014, French) – Middle Ages, particularly the 12th and 13th centuries
• Rev. F. X. Martin (1922–2000, Irish) – Mediævalist and campaigner
• Rosamond McKitterick (born 1949) – Frankish and Carolingian history
• Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – the "Pirenne Thesis" of early Medieval development
• Eileen Power (1889–1940) – Middle Ages
• Miri Rubin (born 1956) – social and religious history, 1100–1500
• Steven Runciman (1903–2000) – the Crusades
• Richard Southern (1912–2001)
• Sidney Painter (1902–1960)
• John Julius Norwich (1929–2018)
• John V. Tolan (born 1959)
• Chris Wickham (born 1950)
• Retha Warnicke (born 1939)
• Aaron Gurevich (1924–2006)
• Jerome Lee Shneidman (1929–2008) – psychohistory
• Michael Prestwich (born 1943)
• Alessandro Barbero (born 1959)
• Dick Harrison (born 1966)
• Satish Chandra (1922–2017)
• Irfan Habib (born 1931)
• Michel Kaplan (born 1946, French) – Byzantinist
• Gina Fasoli (1905–1992) – medieval cities, feudal society, and Lombardy

By nation or geographical area

North America

History of Canada

• Donald Creighton (1902–1979) – Developed the Laurentian thesis
• William J. Eccles (1917–1998) – History of New France
• Lionel Groulx (1878–1967) – The history of Quebec in particular and French North America in general
• Harold Innis (1894–1952) – Economic historian of Canada
• Jack Granatstein (born 1939) – Political and Military historian of Canada
• W.L. Morton (1908–1980) – Expert on western Canada

See also List of Canadian historians.

History of the Caribbean

• Kamau Brathwaite (1930–2020)
• Aviva Chomsky (born 1957)
• C. L. R. James (1901–1989)
• Lucille M. Mair (1924–2009)
• Walter Rodney (1942–1980)
• Eric Williams (1911–1981) – Focused on slavery and the slave trade, condemned imperialism
• Betty Wood (1945–2021)

History of the United States

Further information: Historiography of the United States

• Henry Adams (1838–1918) – history of the United States in the presidential administrations of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
• Stephen Ambrose (1936–2002) – biographer of Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard M. Nixon
• Edward L. Ayers (born 1953) – U.S. South, founder of the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities (IATH) and Digital Scholarship Lab
• George Bancroft (1800–1891) – wrote first large-scale history of the US
• Charles A. Beard (1874–1948) – revisionist history of Founding Fathers suggesting monetary motivations
• Samuel Flagg Bemis (1891–1973) – U.S. foreign policy; won two Pulitzer Prizes
• Ira Berlin (1941–2018) - Slavery
• William Brandon (1914–2002) – historian of the American West and Native Americans.
• Holly Brewer (born 1964) – early American History
• Alan Brinkley (1949–2019) – historian of the Great Depression
• David H. Burton - U.S. historian and biographer of presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft as well as Clara Barton and Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
• Bruce Catton (1899–1978) – American Civil War
• William Cronon (born 1954) – American environmental history, the frontier in New England, and the American West
• J. Frank Dobie (1888–1964) – historian of Texas and the Southwestern United States
• David Herbert Donald (1920–2009)
• W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963) – historian of the Reconstruction
• Drew Gilpin Faust (born 1947) – Civil War, culture of death, and the Confederacy
• Robert H. Ferrell (1921–2018) – Harry S. Truman, the 20th-century U.S. presidency, World War I
• Eric Foner (born 1943) – Civil War and Reconstruction
• John Hope Franklin (1915–2009) – historian of African Americans
• John A. Garraty (1920–2007) – biography
• Elizabeth Fox-Genovese (1941–2007) – Southern slavery, women's history
• Doris Kearns Goodwin (born 1943) - U.S. presidents, won a Pulitzer Prize in 1995 for No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II
• Richard Hofstadter (1916–1970) – Progressivism and U.S. political history
• Daniel Walker Howe - political and intellectual history of the early republic and antebellum period
• Peter Iverson – 20th century U.S. West/Native American history (emphasis in Navajo history)
• Paul Johnson (born 1928) – author of A History of the American People and a biographer of George Washington
• Winthrop Jordan (1931–2007) – African-American history
• David Lavender (1910–2003) – Western United States
• David McCullough (1933–2022) – general study, most notable work is recent biography of John Adams
• James M. McPherson (born 1936) – American Civil War
• Pauline Maier (1938–2013) – late Colonial, Revolution, Constitution
• D. W. Meinig (1924–2020) – geographic history of America
• Philip D. Morgan (born 1949) – slavery
• David Nasaw (born 1945) – biography and U.S. cultural history
• Francis Parkman (1823–1893) – historian of the French and Indian War
• William B. Pickett (born 1940)
• David Pietrusza (born 1949) - 20th century presidential elections; biography
• Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974) – political history of the 1960s and 1970s
• Arthur Schlesinger Sr. (1888–1965)
• Arthur Schlesinger Jr. (1917–2007)
• Cornelius Cole Smith, Jr. (1913–2004) – historian of Arizona, California and the Southwestern United States
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – biography, foreign policy, political economy, constitutional law, legal history, and politics
• Irma Tam Soong (1912–2001) – history of Chinese immigration in Hawaii
• Frederick Jackson Turner (1861–1932) – developed the Frontier Thesis
• Frank Vandiver (1925–2005)
• Alexander Scott Withers (1792–1865) – primary accounts of colonial western Virginia conflicts
• Sean Wilentz (born 1951) - political, social, and cultural history
• Betty Wood (1945–2021) – early American history
• Gordon S. Wood (born 1933) - American Revolution
• C. Vann Woodward (1908–1999) – Southern United States
• Howard Zinn (1922–2010) – political scientist and historian of the United States, known for A People's History of the United States

Latin America

History of Latin America

See also Category:Historians of Latin America

• Jeremy Adelman (born 1960)
• Marc Becker
• David Brading (1936-2024)
• Aviva Chomsky (born 1957)
• James Dunkerley (born 1953)
• Mark Falcoff (born 1941)
• Ann Farnsworth-Alvear
• Charles Gibson (born 1943)
• Mike Gonzalez (born 1943)
• Clarence H. Haring (1885–1960)
• Daniel James (born 1948)
• Kenneth Maxwell (born 1941)
• William H. Prescott (1796–1859)
• Peter Winn
• John Wirth (1936–2002)
• John Womack (born 1937)
• Leslie Bethell (born 1937)

Brazil

• Boris Fausto (1930–2023)
• Lilia Moritz Schwarcz (born 1957)

Chile

• Alonso de Góngora Marmolejo (1523–1575)
• Pedro Mariño de Lobera (1528–1594)
• Vicente Carvallo y Goyeneche (1742–1816)

Peru

• Jorge Basadre (1903–1980)
• Raúl Porras Barrenechea (1897–1960)
• María Rostworowski (1915–2016)

Europe

History of Europe

• Patricia Clavin (born 1964) – international relations and transnational relations
• Norman Davies (born 1939) – Europe as a whole
• Tony Judt (1948–2010) – post 1945
• Elizabeth Eisenstein (1923–2016) – early printing and transitions in media
• Julia P. Gelardi – royal history of 19th and 20th centuries
• John Lukacs (1924–2019) – Cold War
• Henri-Jean Martin (1924–2007) – early printing and writing
• Effie Pedaliu – history of Italian war crimes and Cold War
• Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – Belgium
• Walter Alison Phillips (1864–1950)
• Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Second World War
• John Roberts (1928–2003) – Europe
• J. Salwyn Schapiro (1879–1973)
• Norman Stone (1941–2019)
• Charlotte Zeepvat – royal history of 19th and 20th centuries

History of Albania

• Stavro Skëndi (1905–1989)

History of Belgium

• Henri Pirenne (1862–1935) – Middle Ages
• Sophie de Schaepdrijver (born 1961) – World War I
• Herman Van der Wee (born 1928) – social and economic history

History of Bosnia and Herzegovina

• İbrahim Peçevi (1572–1650)
• Antun Knežević (1834–1889)
• Bono Benić (1708–1785)
• Hamdija Kreševljaković (1888–1959)
• Smail Balić (1920–2002)
• Enver Redžić (1915–2009)
• Marko Vego (1907–1985) – medievalist & archaeologists
• Mustafa Imamović (1941–2017)
• Salmedin Mesihović (born 1975) – medievalist & archaeologists

History of England and Britain

Further information: Historiography of the United Kingdom

• Donald Adamson (born 1939) – British
• Robert C. Allen (born 1947) – British economic
• Perry Anderson (born 1938) – British; European history
• Leonie Archer (born 1955) – British
• Karen Armstrong (born 1944) – religious
• Gerald Aylmer (1926–2000) – British; administrative history
• Bernard Bailyn (1922–2020) – Atlantic migration
• Onyeka – Black Britons
• The Venerable Bede (672–735) – Britain from 55 BC to 731 AD
• Brian Bond (born 1936) – military
• Asa Briggs (1921–2016) – British social.
• Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979) – historiography
• Angus Calder (1942–2008) – Second World War
• David Cannadine (born 1950) – Modern Britain, British business and philanthropy
• J.C.D. Clark (born 1951) – 18th century
• Linda Colley (born 1949) – 18th century
• Patrick Collinson (1929–2011) – Elizabethan England & Puritanism
• Maurice Cowling (1926–2005) – 19th and 20th century politics
• John Darwin (born 1948) – British Empire
• John Davies (1938–2015) - Wales
• Susan Doran – Elizabethan
• Eamon Duffy (born 1947) – religious history of the 15th–17th centuries
• Harold James Dyos (1921–1978) – urban
• Geoffrey Rudolph Elton (1921–1994) – Tudor period
• Charles Harding Firth (1857–1936) – political history of the 17th century
• Antonia Fraser (born 1932) – 17th century
• William Gibson (born 1959) – ecclesiastical history
• Samuel Rawson Gardiner (1829–1902) – political history of the 17th century
• Ruth Goodman (born 1963) – early modern
• Andrew Gordon (born 1951) – naval
• Geoffrey of Monmouth (died c. 1154) – England
• Élie Halévy (1870–1937) - British 19th century
• Edward Hasted (1732–1812) – Kent
• Max Hastings (born 1945) – military, Second World War
• J. H. Hexter (1910–1996) – England in the 17th century
• Christopher Hill (1912–2003) – England in the 17th century
• Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019) – social and cultural history of the Victorian period
• Eric Hobsbawn (1917–2012) – Marxist British history
• David Hume (1711–1776) – Scottish Enlightenment philosopher and author of the six volume History of England (originally History of Britain)
• Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (1609–1674) – English Civil Wars
• John Edward Lloyd (1861–1947) – early Welsh history
• Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay (1800–1859) – English writer and historian whose most famous work was The History of England from the Accession of James the Second
• John Morrill (born 1946) Seventeenth-century political and military history
• Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960) – political history of the 18th century
• Kenneth Morgan (born 1934) – modern Wales
• Steven Pincus – 17th and 18th century England
• Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Political biographies, 19th and 20th centuries
• A. L. Rowse (1903–1997) – Cornish history and Elizabethan England
• Dominic Sandbrook (born 1974) – Britain in the 1960s and after
• John Robert Seeley (1834–1895) – British political history of the modern period
• Jack Simmons (1915–2000) – railways, topography
• Paul Slack (born 1943) – Early Modern British Social history
• David Spring (1918–2004) - British 19th century
• David Starkey (born 1945) – Tudor historian and TV presenter
• Lawrence Stone (1919–1999) – English society and the history of the family
• Keith Thomas (born 1933) – Early Modern English Society
• E. P. Thompson (1924–1993) – British working class
• George Macaulay Trevelyan (1876–1962) – English history (many different periods)
• Hugh Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton (1914–2003) – Britain in the 17th century
• Retha Warnicke (born 1939) – Tudor history and gender issues
• Andy Wood (born 1967) – British social historian, 1500 to present
• Daniel Woolf (born 1958) – Early Modern England and History of Historical Writing
• Cicely Veronica Wedgwood (1910–1997) – British
• G. M. Young (1882–1959) - Victorian England
• Perez Zagorin (1920–2009) – 16th and 17th centuries

History of the British Empire

Further information: Historiography of the British Empire

• Antoinette Burton
• Robert Bickers (born 1964)
• Richard Drayton (born 1964)
• Gerald S. Graham (1903–1988)
• Vincent T. Harlow (1898–1961)
• Wm. Roger Louis (born 1936)
• P. J. Marshall (born 1933)
• David Quinn (1909–2002)
• D. M. Schurman (1924–2013)
• Archibald Paton Thornton (1921–2004)
• Glyndwr Williams (born 1932)

History of Croatia

• Johannes Lucius (1604–1679)
• Pavao Ritter Vitezović (1652–1713)
• Franjo Rački (1828–1894)
• Tadija Smičiklas (1843–1914)
• Vjekoslav Klaić (1849–1928)
• Ferdo Šišić (1869–1940)
• Nada Klaić (1920–1988)
• Mirjana Gross (1922–2012)
• Trpimir Macan (born 1935)
• Ivo Banac (1947–2020)
• Radoslav Katičić (1930–2019)

History of Finland

• Kesar Ordin (1835–1892)
• Mikhail Borodkin (1852–1919)

History of France

• Marc Bloch (1886–1944) – medieval France
• Jean-Jacques Becker (born 1928) - French historian of contemporary history
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Louis XIV, Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, Napoleon, and Paris
• Natalie Zemon Davis (born 1928) – early modern France
• Georges Duby (1924–1996) – medieval France
• Lucien Febvre (1878–1956) – French historian
• Alistair Horne (1925–2017) – modern French military history
• Julian Jackson (born 1954) – 20th century France
• Douglas Johnson (1925–2005) – historian of modern France
• Simon Kitson (born c. 1967) – historian of Vichy France
• Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1929–2023) – history of the French peasantry
• Michael Marrus (born 1941) – Vichy France
• John M. Merriman (born 1946) - French Historian
• Jules Michelet (1798–1874) – French historian
• Roland Mousnier (1907–1993) – early modern France
• Robert Roswell Palmer (1909–2002) – French revolution
• Robert Paxton (born 1932) – Vichy France
• Pierre Renouvin (1893–1974) – French diplomatic history
• Andrew Roberts (born 1963) – Napoleon
• John C. Rule (1929–2013) – 17th and 18th century France
• Zeev Sternhell (1935–2020) – French fascism
• Eugen Weber (1925–2007) – modern French history
• John B. Wolf (1907–1996) – French history
• Isser Woloch (born 1937) – 18th century France
• Gordon Wright (1912–2000)
• Robert J. Young (born 1942) – the Third Republic

See also List of historians of the French Revolution.

History of Germany

• Celia Applegate – music history and nationalism
• David Blackbourn (born 1949)
• Gisela Bock (born 1942)
• Horst Boog (1928–2016) – military history
• Karl Dietrich Bracher (1922–2016)
• Martin Broszat (1926–1989)
• Alan Bullock (1914–2004)
• Robert Citino (born 1958) – military history
• Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005)
• Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
• Joachim Fest (1926–2006)
• Fritz Fischer (1908–1999)
• Luise Gerbing (1855–1927), history of Thuringia
• Deborah Hertz (born 1949)
• Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
• Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989)
• Jonathan House (born 1950)
• Christian Hartmann (born 1959) – military history
• Gerhard Hirschfeld (born 1946) – 20th century German social, World War I & II
• Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017)
• Ian Kershaw (born 1943)
• Klemens von Klemperer (1916–2012)
• Ernst Klink (1923–1993) – military history
• Claudia Koonz (born 1940)
• Dieter Langewiesche (born 1943)
• Timothy Mason (1940–1990)
• Frank McDonough (born 1957)
• Wendy Lower (born 1965) – history of National Socialism
• Geoffrey P. Megargee (born 1959) – military history
• Friedrich Meinecke (1862–1954)
• Hans Mommsen (1930–2015)
• Wolfgang Mommsen (1930–2004)
• George Mosse (1918–1999)
• Ernst Nolte (1923–2016)
• Steven Ozment (1939–2019)
• Detlev Peukert (1950–1990)
• Koppel Pinson (1904–1961)
• Gerhard Ritter (1888–1967)
• Hans Rothfels (1891–1976)
• David Schoenbaum (born 1935)
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019)
• Ronald Smelser (born 1942)
• Louis Leo Snyder (1907–1993)
• Fritz Stern (1926–2016)
• David Stahel (born 1975)
• Michael Stürmer (born 1938)
• Heinrich von Treitschke (1834–1896)
• A.J.P. Taylor (1906–1990)
• Hugh Trevor-Roper (1914–2003) – British historian and peer who specialized on Nazi leadership and incorrectly verified the authenticity of The Hitler Diaries
• Henry Ashby Turner (1932–2008)
• Gerd R. Ueberschär (born 1943) – military history
• Bernd Wegner (born 1949) – military history and history of National Socialism
• Hans-Ulrich Wehler (1931–2014)
• Wolfram Wette (born 1940) – military history and history of National Socialism
• John Wheeler-Bennett (1902–1975)
• Jay Winter (born 1945)
• Michael Wolffsohn (born 1947)
• Gordon Wright (1912–2000) – Germany – 19th and 20th centuries
• David T. Zabecki (born 1947) – military history
• Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (born 1947)
• Rainer Zitelmann (born 1957)

History of the Habsburg monarchy

• John Komlos (born 1944) – economic

History of Ireland

• Mary Bonaventure Browne (after 1610–after 1670), Poor Clare and historian
• Ann Buckley
• Francis John Byrne (1934–2017)
• John Clyn (fl. 1333–1349)
• James Donnelly (born 1943) – Irish social history
• Brian Farrell (1929–2014)
• Roy Foster (born 1949)
• Kathleen Hughes (1926–1977)
• Geoffrey Keating
• J.J. Lee (born 1942) – 20th century Ireland
• James Francis Lydon (1928–2013)
• F.S.L. Lyons (1923–1983) – modern Ireland
• Oliver MacDonagh (1924–2002) – modern Ireland
• Dermot MacDermot (1906–1989)
• Dubhaltach MacFhirbhisigh (fl. 1643–1671)
• Gilla Isa Mor mac Donnchadh MacFhirbhisigh (fl. 1390–1418)
• Muirchu moccu Machtheni (fl. late 7th century)
• Flann Mainistrech (died 1056)
• F.X. Martin (1922–2000)
• Kenneth Nicholls
• Adhamh Ó Cianáin (died 1373)
• Mícheál Ó Cléirigh (c. 1590–1643)
• Dáibhí Ó Cróinín (born 1954)
• Eugene O'Curry (1794–1862)
• John O'Donovan (1806–1861)
• Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372)
• Pilip Ballach Ó Duibhgeannáin (fl. 1579–1590)
• Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (1629–1718)
• Nollaig Ó Muraíle
• Tírechán (fl. late 7th century)
• Father Paul Walsh (1885–1941)
• Sir James Ware (1594–1666)

History of Italy

• Lorenzo Arnone Sipari (born 1973) – social and environmental Italian history
• R.J.B. Bosworth (born 1943) – Fascism, Mussolini
• Benedetto Croce (1866–1952) – philosophy of history, modern Italian history
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Renaissance art and Sicily
• Renzo De Felice (1929–1996) – Fascism, biographer of Mussolini
• John Foot (born 1964) – modern Italy history, The City
• Emilio Gentile (born 1946) – Fascism
• Carlo Ginzburg (born 1939) – witchcraft and agrarian cults, microhistory
• Alessandra Kersevan (born 1950) – Italian concentration camps
• Claudio Pavone (1920–2016) – Italian fascism, World War II, anti-fascism
• Effie Pedaliu – Italian war crimes
• John Pollard (born 1944) – The church and Fascism
• Paul Ginsborg (born 1945) – The Risorgimento, Italian modern and contemporary history
• Lucy Riall (born 1962) – The Risorgimento, Garibaldi, Sicily
• Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957) – Fascism, French Revolution
• Denis Mack Smith (1920–2017) – Italian modern history
• Arrigo Petacco (1929–2018) – Fascism

History of Moldova/Bessarabia

• Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940)
• Ion Nistor (1876–1962)
• Petre Cazacu (1873–1956)
• Charles King (born 1967)
• Igor Casu (born 1973)
• Gh. Cojocaru (born 1963)

History of the Netherlands

• Jaap R. Bruijn (born 1938)
• Femme Gaastra (born 1945)
• Pieter Geyl (1887–1966)
• John Lothrop Motley (1814–1877)
• Jonathan Israel (born 1946)
• G. J. Renier (1892–1962)
• Herbert H. Rowen (1916–1999)
• Simon Schama (born 1945)

History of Poland

• Norman Davies (born 1939) – modern Polish history
• Robert I. Frost (born 1958) — modern Polish history
• Pawel Jasienica (1909–1970) – Polish amateur historian
• Wickham Steed (1871–1956)

History of Portugal

• José Hermano Saraiva (1919–2012)
• A. H. de Oliveira Marques (1933–2007) – early modern period
• José Mattoso (born 1933) – medieval history
• Fernando Rosas (born 1946) – contemporary history

History of Romania

• Lucian Boia (born 1944)
• Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu (1838–1907)
• Nicolae Iorga (1871–1940)
• Mihail Kogalniceanu (1817–1891)
• Irina Livezeanu (born 1952)
• David Mitrany (1888–1975)
• Vladimir Tismaneanu (born 1951)
• Alexandru D. Xenopol (1847–1920)
• Alexandru Zub (born 1934)

History of Russia

• Nicholas Bethell (1938–2007)
• Robert Conquest (1917–2015) – Soviet Union
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Catherine the Great
• Orlando Figes (born 1959)
• Patricia Kennedy Grimsted (born 1935) – post-Soviet archives
• Geoffrey Hosking (born 1942)
• Lindsey Hughes (1949–2007) - C17th and C18th
• Leopold Labedz (1920–1993)
• Roy Medvedev (born 1925)
• Robin Milner-Gulland (born 1936) - cultural history
• Richard Pipes (1923–2018) – Soviet Union
• William Taubman (born 1941) – Nikita Khrushchev
• Peter Kenez (born 1937) – Soviet Union and Soviet cinema
• Robert Service (born 1947)
• Adam Ulam (1922–2000)
• Anne Applebaum (born 1964) – Gulag history
• Sheila Fitzpatrick (born 1941) – everyday life under Stalinism
• Nicolas Werth (born 1950) – political repressions
• Nikita Petrov (born 1957) – political repressions
• Viktor Danilov (1927–2016) – history of collectivization
• Oleg Khlevniuk (born 1959) – Stalin and Politburo
• Moshe Lewin (1921–2010) – collectivization
• David Shearer (born 1957) – Stalinist repressions

History of Serbia

• Vladimir Ćorović (1885–1941)
• Sima Ćirković (1929–2009)
• Rade Mihaljčić (1937–2020)
• Stojan Novaković (1842–1915)
• Stanoje Stanojević (1874–1937)
• Jovan I. Deretić (1939–2021)

History of Scotland

Further information: Historiography of Scotland

• G. W. S. Barrow (1924–2013)
• Steve Boardman
• Hector Boece (1465–1536)
• George Buchanan (1506–1582)
• Gilbert Burnet (1643–1715)
• Tom Devine
• John of Fordun
• Christopher Harvie (born 1944)
• Colin Kidd (born 1964)
• Michael Lynch (born 1946)
• Norman Macdougall
• Rosalind Mitchison (1919–2002)
• Richard Oram
• T.C. Smout (born 1933) - Scottish social history
• Nigel Tranter (1909–2000)
• Christopher Whatley
• Jenny Wormald (1942–2015)

Historiographer Royal of Scotland

• James Fall, 1682
• William Robertson (1721–1793), 1763–1793
• John Gillies (1747–1836), 1793–1836
• George Brodie (1786–1967), 1836–1867
• John Hill Burton (1809–1881), 1867–1881
• William Forbes Skene (1809–1892), 1881–1893
• David Masson (1822–1907), 1893–1908
• Peter Hume Brown (1849–1918), 1908–1919
• Robert Rait (1874–1936), 1919–1930
• Robert Kerr Hannay(1867–1940), FRSE, 1930–1940
• J. D. Mackie (1887–1978), OBE, 1958–1978
• Gordon Donaldson (1913–1993), CBE, 1979–1993
• Christopher Smout (born 1933), CBE, since 1993

History of Slovakia

• Vojtech Čelko (born 1946) – political and cultural history of Central Europe in the 20th century; history of Czechoslovak exile after 1948
• Ladislav Deák (1931–2011) – foreign policy of Central European states and Yugoslavia in the interwar period; history of Hungarian-Slovak foreign relationships
• Gabriela Dudeková (born 1968) – social policy of Austria-Hungary; situation of POWs and civilians in World War I; history of feminism and gender studies
• Ivan Kamenec (born 1938) – Holocaust in Slovakia; diplomacy in Central Europe in the interwar period and during World War II
• Adam František Kollár (1718–1783) – influential jurist, historian and ethnologist, who coined the term ethnology
• Peter Kopecký – history of diplomacy and foreign policy of Slovakia
• Juraj Marusiak (born 1970) – history of Slovak-Polish relationships; modern history of Central and Eastern Europe
• Thomas Spira (1923–2005) – study of nationalism and ethnicity (born and raised in Slovakia)
• Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795–1861) – philologist, poet, Slavist, literary historian and ethnographer
• Štefan Šutaj (born 1954) – history of Hungarian minority in Czechoslovakia; Slovak civic (non-communist) political parties after 1945
• Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950) – food history and material culture of Central Europe

History of Slovenia

• Bogo Grafenauer (1916–1995)
• Alessandra Kersevan (born 1950) – Italian concentration camps
• Vasilij Melik (1921–2009) – Slovene Lands in the 19th century.
• Jože Pirjevec (born 1940) – Foibe massacres
• Milica Kacin Wohinz (born 1930) – Italianization of Slovenes between 1918 and 1943
• Marta Verginella (born 1960) – history of the Slovene minority in Italy (1920–1947)

History of Spain

• Ida Altman (born 1950) – Early modern Spain, colonial Latin America
• Roger Collins (born 1949) – medieval history, Spain, Visigothic Spain, history of Muslim Spain
• Rafael Núñez Florencio (born 1956)
• Julian Ribera y Tarragó (1858–1934) – Spain, history of the Book, medieval history, history of Muslim Spain
• Julia Pavón (born 1968) – medieval history of Navarra
• Joseph Pérez (1931–2020) - history of the Spanish Empire.

History of Sweden

• Peter Englund (born 1957)
• Anders Fryxell (1795–1881)
• Erik Gustaf Geijer (1783–1847)
• Jan Glete (1947–2009)
• Carl Grimberg (1875–1941)
• Dick Harrison (born 1966)
• Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – biographer of King Charles XII
• Sten Lindroth (1914–1980)
• Erik Lönnroth (1910–2002)
• Olaus Magnus (1490–1557)
• Samuel von Pufendorf (1632–1694)
• Erik Ringmar (born 1960)
• Michael Roberts (1908–1996)
• John Robinson (1650–1723)
• Curt Weibull (1886–1991)
• Lauritz Weibull (1873–1960)

History of Yugoslavia

• Ivo Banac (1947–2020)
• Misha Glenny (born 1958)
• Barbara Jelavich (1923–1995) – wrote extensively on Balkan history, along with her husband Charles Jelavich
• John R. Lampe – author of Yugoslavia As History: Twice There Was a Country
• Stevan K. Pavlowitch (born 1933)
• Catherine Samary – author of Yugoslavia Dismembered
• Stephen Schwartz (born 1948)
• Jozo Tomasevich (1908–1994)

Europe and Asia

History of The Republic of Turkey and Turkish Empires

• Halil İnalcık (1916–2016), İstanbul, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
• İlber Ortaylı (born 1947, Bregen, Österreich), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
• Heath W. Lowry (born 1942, America), history of the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey
• Mehmet Fuat Köprülü (1890–1966, İstanbul, Türkiye), Turcologist and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
• Yusuf Halaçoğlu (born 1949, Adana, Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey
• Reşat Ekrem Koçu (1905–1975, İstanbul, Türkiye), writer and historian, history of the Ottoman Empire
• Ahmed Cevad Pasha (Kabaağaçlızade Ahmet Cevat Paşa) (1851–1900, İstanbul, Türkiye), Ottoman statesman (Grand Vizier), history of the Ottoman Empire
• Aşıkpaşazade (Âşıkpasazâde Derviş Ahmet Âşıkî) (yak. 1400, Amasya–yak. 1484), Ottoman Empire/ Türkiye) history of the Ottoman Empire
• Ibn Kemal (Kemal Paşazade (ibn-i Kemâl)) (1468–1534, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
• Koçi Bey (Mustafa Koçi Bey) (?–1650, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), Ottoman statesman, history of the Ottoman Empire
• Katip Çelebi (Haci Halife Kalfa) (1609–1657, İstanbul, The Ottoman Empire/Türkiye), history of the Ottoman Empire

Asia

Middle East

• George Antonius (1891–1941) – historian of Arab nationalism
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – study of the Faiqani tribe of South Persia
• Neilson Debevoise (1903–1992) – history of the Parthian Empire
• Caroline Finkel
• Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb (1895–1971) – Editor, The Encyclopaedia of Islam
• Bernard Lewis (1916–2018) – history of Islam and the Middle East
• S.D. Goitein (1900–1985) - history of the Mediterranean; social history of the Medieval Islamic world
• Albert Hourani (1915–1993)
• ‘Ala’ al-Din ‘Ata Malik Juvayni (1226–1283) – Ta’rīkh-I-Jahān Gushā (A History of the World-Conqueror Chingis Khān)
• Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406)
• Walid Khalidi (born 1925) – Palestinian historian
• D. S. Margoliouth (1858–1940)
• Michael Oren (born 1955)
• Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (circa 1247–1318) – Jāmi‛ al-Tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles), Ta’rīkh–i-Ghāzānī (a history of the Mongols and Turks)
• Heleen Sancisi-Weerdenburg (1944–2000) – Achaemenid history
• Ibn al-Tiqtaqa (born c. 1262) – Shi'i historian, wrote Al-Fakhīr

Central Asia

• Denis Sinor (1916–2011), Hungarian-American historian of Central Asia
• Edward A. Allworth (1920–2016), American historian specializing in Central Asia
• Étienne de la Vaissière (born 1969), French specialist of Sogdian culture and early medieval Central Asia
• Geoffrey Wheeler (1897–1990), British soldier and historian of Central Asia
• Lola Dodkhudoeva (born 1951), Tajikistani historian specialising in medieval Central Asian affairs
• Svetlana Gorshenina (born 1969), Uzbek specialist on Pre-Islamic Central Asia

South Asia

History of the Indian Subcontinent

• Muzaffar Alam (born 1947)
• A. L. Basham (1914–1986)
• Chris Bayly (1945–2015)
• Dipesh Chakrabarty (born 1948)
• Bernard Cohn (1928–2003)
• Sir Jadunath Sarkar (1870–1958)
• R. C. Majumdar (1884–1980)
• Niharranjan Ray (1903–1981)
• Datto Vaman Potdar (1890–1979)
• Tryambak Shankar Shejwalkar (1895–1963)
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)
• Nicholas Dirks
• Ranajit Guha (1923–2023)
• Ayesha Jalal (born 1956)
• John Keay (born 1941)
• Sumit Sarkar (born 1939)
• Romila Thapar (born 1931)
• Irfan Habib (born 1931 )
• Thomas Metcalf (born 1934)
• Barbara Metcalf (born 1941)
• Percival Spear (1901–1982)
• Bipan Chandra (1928–2014)
• Gyan Prakash (born 1952)
• Tanika Sarkar
• Barbara Ramusack (born 1937)
• Thomas Trautmann (born 1940)
• K. K. Aziz (1927–2009)
• Mubarak Ali (born 1941)
• Mohammad Ishaq Khan (1946–2013)
• NS Rajaram (1943–2019)
• Sukumar Sen (linguist)
• Suniti Kumar Chatterji

History of India

• Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman (born 1940) – Unani historian

History of Pakistan

• K. K. Aziz (1927–2009)
• Imran Khan (born 1952)

Far East

History of Japan

• William George Aston (1841–1911)
• Gail Lee Bernstein (born 1939)
• Harold Bolitho (1939–2010)
• Hugh Borton (1903–1995)
• Albert M. Craig (born 1927)
• Sheldon Garon (born 1951)
• Carol Gluck (born 1941)
• Andrew Gordon (born 1952)
• William Elliot Griffis (1843–1928)
• John Whitney Hall (1916–1997)
• Susan Hanley (born 1939)
• Marius Jansen (1922–2000)
• Donald Keene (1922–2019)
• Joyce Lebra (1925–2021)
• Jeffrey Mass (1940–2001)
• Richard Ponsonby-Fane (1878–1937)
• Tetsuo Najita (1936–2021)
• Ian Nish (1926–2022)
• Edwin O. Reischauer (1910–1990)
• Donald Richie (1924–2013)
• George Bailey Sansom (1883–1965)
• Ernest Mason Satow (1843–1929)
• Amy Stanley (born 1978)
• Conrad Totman (born 1934)
• Stephen Turnbull (born 1948)
• Barak Kushner (born 1968)

History of Korea

• Bruce Cumings (born 1943) – modern Korea
• Carter J. Eckert
• James Palais (1934–2006)
• Il-yeon (1206–1289)
• Kim Bu-sik (1075–1151) – early annalist
• Kim Dae-mun
• Lee Ki-baek (1924–2004)
• James Hoare (born 1943)
• Shin Chaeho (1880–1936) – ancient Korean history
• Andre Schmid (born 1963)
• Yu Deuk-gong (1749–1807) – Balhae
• Odd Arne Westad (born 1960) – professor at the London School of Economics

History of China

• Robert Bickers (born 1964) - modern China
• Immanuel C.Y. Hsu (1923–2005) - modern China
• John Herman (1889–1950)
• Ann Paludan (1928–2014) – ancient China
• Sima Qian – compiled Records of the Grand Historian
• Chen Shou (233–297) – author of the Records of Three Kingdoms.
• Jonathan Spence (born 1936)
• Denis Twitchett (1925–2006) – Cambridge scholar, and editor of The Cambridge History of China
• Hans van de Ven (born 1958)
• Frederic Wakeman, Jr. (1937–2006)
• Odd Arne Westad (born 1960) – professor at the London School of Economics and author of many books on China

History of Hong Kong

• Steve Tsang (born 1959)

Africa

• David Cohen (born 1943)
• A. G. Hopkins (born 1938) – European colonialism and globalisation
• William Miller Macmillan (1885–1974)
• Jocelyne Dakhlia (born 1959) – political and cultural history of Islam in the Maghreb
• Jan Vansina (1929–2017)

History of the Serers

• Alioune Sarr (1908–2001), Senegalese specialist on Serer medieval history
• Henry Gravrand (1921–2003), French specialist on Serer ancient history, Serer medieval history and Serer religion
• Issa Laye Thiaw (1943–2017), Senegalese specialist on Serer general history and Serer religion
• Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof (1924–2011), Gambian specialist on Serer general history and history of Senegambia (Senegal and Gambia)
• Marguerite Dupire (1920–2015), French scholar of Serer religion and history
• Louis Diène Faye (born 1936), Senegalese scholar of Serer religion and history

Oceania

History of Australia

• Manning Clark (1915–1991)
• Keith Windschuttle (born 1942)
• Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930)
• Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021)
• Henry Reynolds (born 1938)
• Frank Welsh (born 1931)
• Andrew Moore

History of Fiji

• Brij Lal

History of New Zealand

• James Belich (born 1956)
• Michael King (1945–2004)
• W. H. Oliver (1925–2015)
• William Pember Reeves (1857–1932)
• J. G. A. Pocock (1924–2023)
• Keith Sinclair (1922–1993)

History of Tonga

• Sione Lātūkefu

History of Papua New Guinea

• John Waiko (born 1945)

By historical viewpoint

Abolitionist

• George Washington Williams (1849–1891) – Early African-American historian

Counterfactual

• Niall Ferguson (born 1964) – Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals (1997)

Marxist

• Eric Foner (born 1943) – Marxist historian of the American Civil War and Reconstruction
• Eugene D. Genovese (1930–2012) – Marxist historian of southern US history and slavery
• Ranajit Guha (1923-2023) – Indian Marxist historian
• Christopher Hill (1912–2003) – 17th century England
• Eric Hobsbawm (1917–2012) – Marxist historian of the modern world
• Gerald Horne (born 1949) – African American Marxist historian
• Timothy Wright Mason (1940–1990) – Marxist historian who worked on the history of National Socialism and the German working-class
• Maxime Rodinson (1915–2004) – French Marxist historian on the history of Islam
• Sumit Sarkar (born 1939) – Indian Marxist historian
• Edward Palmer Thompson (1924–1993) – British Marxist historian, author of The Making of the English Working Class
• Walter Rodney (1942–1980) – Marxist historian of Africa

Nazi

• Walter Frank (1905–1945) – Nazi historian and anti-Semitic writer
• David Hoggan (1923–1988)

Anarchist

• Paul Avrich (1931–2006) – USA, oral history of the U.S. and Russia
• Murray Bookchin (1921–2006) – USA, writer; founder of "social ecology"
• Sam Dolgoff (1902–1990) – USA, writer, activist, co-founder of Anarcho-Syndicalist Review
• Sébastien Faure (1858–1942) – France, Encyclopedie Anarchiste, 4 volumes (1932–1934)
• David Goodway (born 1942) – UK, writer, editor
• Daniel Guérin (1904–1988) – France, writer, editor Libertarian Communist
• Robert Graham (born 1958) – USA, writer, editor
• Andrej Grubacic – Bulgarian history and anarchism, lecturer at University of San Francisco
• Peter Marshall (born 1946) – England, historian, philosopher, writer (of Demanding the Impossible: A History of Anarchism, 1992)
• Chuck W. Morse (born 1969) – USA, writer, founder of Institute for Anarchist Studies(IAS)
• Max Nettlau (1865–1944) – Austria, writer of Geschichte der Anarchie, seven volumes
• Abel Paz (1921–2009) – Spain, Civil war, Durruti, CNT/FAI
• José Peirats (1908–1989) – Spain, historian of the CNT/FAI
• Alexandre Skirda (1942–2020)
• Antonio Tellez (1921–2005)
• Dana Ward – founder of "Anarchist Archives", Online Research on the History and Theory of Anarchism, (USA)
• George Woodcock (1912–1995)
• Howard Zinn (1922–2010)

Pacifist

• Ludwig Quidde (1858–1941) – Prescient German pacifist and student of history who combined his specialties in his condemnation of Kaiser Wilhelm II

By general category

Architectural history

• Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (c. 80/70 BC?–c. 25 BC) – Roman architect and engineer, author of De architectura
• Leon Battista Alberti (1404–1472) – Italian polymath, active in many fields, author of De Re Aedificatoria among others
• Josef Strzygowski (1862–1941)
• Joseph Rykwert (born 1926)
• Manfredo Tafuri (1935–1994)
• David Watkin (historian) (1941–2018)
• Alberto Pérez-Gómez (born 1949)
• Doğan Kuban (1926–2021) – architect, history of architecture and art history

Art history

• Nurhan Atasoy (born 1934, Tokat, Türkiye) – Turkish and Islamic Art History
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – French and Italian art and architectural history
• Oleg Grabar (1929–2011) – Islamic Art History
• Catherine Mason – British computer and digital art history
• Nicholas Pevsner (1903–1983) – History of art and English architecture
• Alena Potůčková (1953–2018) – Czech art history
• Simon Schama (born 1945) – Art history
• Ichimatsu Tanaka (1895–1983) – Japanese art history
• Renáta Tyršová (1854–1937) – Czech ethnography and art history
• Yukio Yashiro (1890–1975) – Japanese art history; Botticelli and the Florentine Renaissance

Christianity

• Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 275–339) – "Father of Church history"
• Alexander Campbell Cheyne (1924–2006) – Scottish ecclesiastical historian
• John Gilmary Shea (1824–1892) – father of American Catholic History
• Bengt Hägglund (1920–2015) – historian of Christian theology
• Barbara Thiering (1930–2015) – rediscovered the "Pesher technique"

Classical Antiquity

• Werner Eck (born 1939)
• Robert Malcolm Errington (born 1939)
• Erich S. Gruen (born 1935)
• Ronald Syme (1903–1989)
• Robert Garland (born 1947)

Economic history

• Robert C. Allen (born 1947)
• Leah Boustan
• Eli Heckscher (1879–1952)
• Barry Eichengreen (born 1952)
• Niall Ferguson (born 1964)
• Robert Fogel (1926–2013)
• Alexander Gerschenkron (1904–1978)
• Claudia Goldin (born 1946)
• Susan Howson (born 1945)
• Harold James (born 1956)
• John Komlos (born 1944)
• Naomi Lamoreaux (born 1950)
• David S. Landes (1924–2013)
• Joel Mokyr (born 1946)
• Thomas Piketty (born 1971)
• W. W. Rostow (1916–2003)
• Tirthankar Roy (born 1960)
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – economic history of ancient India
• Robert Skidelsky (born 1939)
• R. H. Tawney (1880–1962)

Egyptology

• Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert (born 1954)
• Ludwig David Morenz (born 1965)
• Richard B. Parkinson (born 1963)
• William Kelly Simpson (1928–2017)
• John W. Tait (born 1945)
• Edward F. Wente (born 1930)
• Penelope Wilson

Environmental history

• Christopher Smout (born 1933)
• William Cronon (born 1954) – Frederick Jackson Turner Professor of History, Geography, and Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison

Espionage

• Christopher Andrew (born 1941)
• John Barron (1930–2005)
• John Earl Haynes (born 1944)
• David Kahn (1930–2024)
• Victor Suvorov (born 1947)
• Nigel West (born 1951)

Food history

• Sidney Mintz (1922–2015)
• Massimo Montanari (born 1949)
• Zora Mintalová – Zubercová (born 1950)

Gender history

• John Boswell (1947–1994, American) – homosexuality in medieval times
• Francisca de Haan (fl. 1998-) – Central, Eastern and South Eastern European Women's and Gender History
• Nahema Hanafi (born 1983) - gender studies
• George Mosse (1918–1999)
• Marysa Navarro (born 1934) - feminism
• Retha Warnicke (born 1939) – gender issues

Historiography

• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)
• Alphonse Balleydier (1810–1859)
• Marc Bloch (1886–1944)
• Fernand Braudel (1902–1985)
• Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
• E. H. Carr (1892–1982)
• R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943)
• Geoffrey Elton (1921–1994)
• Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
• Pieter Geyl (1887–1966)
• J. H. Hexter (1910–1996)
• Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie (1929–2023)
• Peter Novick (1934–2012)
• Leopold von Ranke (1795–1886)
• Hayden White (1928–2018)
• Frank Ankersmit (born 1945)

Academic protagonists in Australia's "history wars"

• Geoffrey Blainey (born 1930)
• Stuart Macintyre (1947–2021)
• Robert Manne (born 1947)
• Henry Reynolds (born 1938)
• Lyndall Ryan (1943–2024)
• Keith Windschuttle (born 1942)

History of business

• Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. (1918–2007)
• Jan Glete (1947–2009) – Swedish business history
• Allan Nevins (1890–1971)

History of ideas, culture, literature, and philosophy

• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – material culture in Ancient India
• Isaiah Berlin (1909–1997) – history of ideas
• J.C.D. Clark (born 1951) – British historian of 18th century ideas
• Jovan Deretić (1934–2002), Serbian literary history
• Michel Foucault (1926–1984) – history of ideas
• Peter Gay (1923–2015) – history of ideas
• A.O. Lovejoy (1873–1962) - history of ideas
• Lewis Mumford (1895–1988) – history of technology
• Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız (1905–1975, İstanbul, Türkiye) – Turkology, Turkish Literature
• Pertev Naili Boratav (Mustafa Pertev) (1907–1998) – Turkish folklorist, Ottoman and Turkish culture
• Sedat Alp (1913–2006) – Hittitolo, historian, ancient Anatolian languages
• Marius Ostrowski (born 1988) - history of ideas and ideologies

History of international relations

• Harry Elmer Barnes (1889–1968)
• Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
• E.H. Carr (1892–1982)
• Gordon A. Craig (1913–2005)
• John Lewis Gaddis (born 1941) – historian of the Cold War
• Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – historian of 17th- and 18th-century international relations
• Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
• Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989)
• Paul Kennedy (born 1945) – British historian, author of influential The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers
• William L. Langer (1896–1977)
• Arno J. Mayer (1926–2023)
• Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960)
• Paul W. Schroeder (1927–2020) – U.S. historian, 19th-century European international relations
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019)
• A.J.P. Taylor (1906–1990) – historian of European international relations
• Harold Temperley, (1879–1939) – British historian, Cambridge, 19th- and early 20th-century diplomatic history, British Documents on the Origins of the War, 1898-1914 (ed.)
• Ernest Llewellyn Woodward, (1890–1971)

History of science and technology

• Michael Adas (born 1943) – colonialism and imperialism, global history
• Jim Bennett (1947–2023) – mathematics, scientific instruments and astronomy
• Stephen G. Brush (born 1935)
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011)
• Allen G. Debus (1926–2009) – chemistry and medicine
• A. Hunter Dupree (1921–2019) – botany; U.S. government policy on science and technology
• Peter Galison (born 1955) – physics, philosophy, objectivity
• John L. Heilbron (1934–2023) – physics, quantification, astronomy, religion and science
• Richard L. Hills (1936–2019) – technology, steam power
• Thomas P. Hughes (1923–2014) – technology
• Evelyn Fox Keller (1936–2023) – science and gender, biology
• Melvin Kranzberg (1917–1995) – technology
• Daniel J. Kevles (born 1939) – science and politics, physics, biology, eugenics
• Thomas Kuhn (1922–1996) – physics, "paradigm shifts"
• James Mosley (born 1935) – printing
• David F. Noble (1945–2010) – science and technology-based industrial development
• Abraham Pais (1918–2000) – physics
• Giuliano Pancaldi (born 1946) – Italian science
• Theodore M. Porter (born 1953)
• A. I. Sabra (1924–2013) – optics, Islamic science
• George Sarton (1884–1956)
• Jack Simmons (1915–2000) – railway history
• Nathan Sivin (born 1931) – history of science in China
• Kim H. Veltman (1948–2020) – science and art
• M. Norton Wise (born 1940)

History of the papacy

• Ludwig von Pastor (1854–1928) – wrote 40 volume history of the popes making extensive use of the Vatican Secret Archives

Holocaust

• Götz Aly (born 1947)
• Jean Ancel (1940–2008)
• Yitzhak Arad (1926–2021)
• David Bankier (1947–2010)
• Omer Bartov (born 1954)
• Paul R. Bartrop (born 1955)
• Yehuda Bauer (1926–2024)
• Georges Bensoussan (born 1952)
• Wolfgang Benz (born 1941)
• Michael Berenbaum (born 1945)
• Ruth Bettina Birn (born 1952)
• Donald Bloxham
• Randolph L. Braham (1922–2018)
• Richard Breitman (born 1947)
• Martin Broszat (1926–1989)
• Christopher Browning (born 1944)
• Michael Burleigh (born 1955)
• David Cesarani (1956–2015)
• Catherine Chatterley
• Richard I. Cohen (born 1946)
• John S. Conway (1929–2017)
• David M. Crowe
• Danuta Czech (1922–2004)
• Szymon Datner (1902–1989)
• Lucy Dawidowicz (1915–1990)
• Terrence Des Pres (1939–1987)
• Deborah Dwork
• Leo Eitinger (1912–1996)
• David Engel (born 1951)
• Barbara Engelking (born 1962)
• Richard J. Evans (born 1947)
• Andrew Ezergailis (born 1930)
• Esther Farbstein (born 1946)
• Norman Finkelstein (born 1953)
• Jack Fischel (born 1937)
• Michael Fleming
• Joseph Friedenson (1922–2013)
• Henry Friedlander (1930–2012)
• Saul Friedländer (born 1932)
• Tuvia Friling (born 1953)
• Christian Gerlach (born 1963)
• Martin Gilbert (1936–2015)
• Daniel Goldhagen (born 1959)
• Jan Grabowski (born 1962)
• Gideon Greif (born 1951)
• Jan T. Gross (born 1947)
• Israel Gutman (1923–2013)
• Peter Hayes
• Susanne Heim (born 1955)
• Raul Hilberg (1926–2007)
• Klaus Hildebrand (born 1941)
• Eberhard Jäckel (1929–2017)
• Miroslav Kárný (1919–2001)
• Steven T. Katz (born 1944)
• Ian Kershaw (born 1943)
• Ernst Klee (1942–2013)
• David Kranzler (1930–2007)
• Shmuel Krakowski (1926–2018)
• Erich Kulka (1911–1995)
• Otto Dov Kulka (1933–2021)
• Konrad Kwiet (born 1941)
• Lawrence Langer (born 1929)
• Jacek Leociak (born 1957)
• Dariusz Libionka (born 1963)
• Deborah Lipstadt (born 1947)
• Peter Longerich (born 1955)
• Richard C. Lukas (born 1937)
• Eugen Kogon (1903–1987)
• Michael Marrus (born 1941)
• Jürgen Matthäus (born 1959)
• Hans Mommsen (1930–2015)
• Kurt Pätzold (1930–2016)
• Franciszek Piper (born 1941)
• Detlev Peukert (1950–1990)
• Léon Poliakov (1910–1997)
• Antony Polonsky (born 1940)
• Dina Porat (born 1943)
• Laurence Rees (born 1957)
• Alvin H. Rosenfeld (born 1938)
• Mark Roseman (born 1958)
• John K. Roth
• Livia Rothkirchen (1922–2013)
• R. J. Rummel (1932–2014)
• Tom Segev (born 1945)
• Timothy D. Snyder (born 1969)
• Nicholas Stargardt (born 1962)
• Sybille Steinbacher (born 1966)
• Alan E. Steinweis (born 1957)
• Dan Stone (born 1971)
• Robert Jan van Pelt (born 1955)
• Nikolaus Wachsmann (born 1971)
• Kenneth Waltzer (born 1942)
• Rebecca Wittmann (born 1970)
• David Wyman (1929–2018)
• Hanna Yablonka (born 1950)
• Leni Yahil (1912–2007)

Lutheranism

• Johann Lorenz von Mosheim (1694–1755) – Lutheran historian of Christianity from its inception through the 18th century

Maritime history

• Robert G. Albion (1896–1983)
• William A. Baker (1911–1981)
• Jaap R. Bruijn (born 1938)
• Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975)
• Grahame Farr (1912–1983)
• Femme Gaastra (born 1945)
• John Hattendorf (born 1941)
• John de Courcy Ireland (1911–2006)
• Benjamin Woods Labaree (1927–2021)
• Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976)
• J. H. Parry (1914–1982)
• Glyndwr Williams (born 1932)

Media history

History of newspapers and magazines, History of radio, History of television, and History of the Internet

• Asa Briggs (1921–2016)

Military history

See also: List of women military historians

• C.T. Atkinson (1874–1964), historian of the British Army and Marlborough's Army
• Correlli Barnett (born 1927) – British military historian
• Antony Beevor (born 1946) – British military historian
• Brian Bond (born 1936) – First World War
• Caleb Carr (born 1955) – American military historian
• Michael Carver (1915–2001) – British soldier and historian
• Alan Clark (1928–1999) – British M.P. and historian
• Martin van Creveld (born 1946) – Israeli military historian
• Saul David (born 1966) – Military history
• N.H. Gibbs (1910–1990) – Interwar period
• Adrian Goldsworthy (born 1969) – British military historian
• Jack Granatstein (born 1939) – Canadian military historian
• Bruce Barrymore Halpenny (born 1937) – writer and military historian
• Victor Davis Hanson (born 1953) – American classicist and military historian
• Andreas Hillgruber (1925–1989) – German military historian
• Richard Holmes (1946–2011) – British military history
• Alistair Horne (1925–2017) – British historian of French military history
• Michael Howard (1922–2019) – modern military history
• John Keegan (1934–2012, English) – specialised in 20th-century wars
• Anthony Kemp (1939–2018) – English historian of history of World War II
• Frederic Kidder (1804–1885) - American historian of New England including military operations
• B. H. Liddell Hart (1895–1970) – military history
• Edward Luttwak (born 1942) – military strategy
• Piers Mackesy (1924–2014) – 18th century
• S. L. A. Marshall (1900–1977) – American military historian
• Jürgen Möller (born 1959) – German military historian
• Peter Paret (1924–2020) – military history
• Gordon Prange (1910–1980)
• Gerhard Ritter (1888–1967) – German military historian
• Cornelius Ryan (1920–1974) – World War II
• Digby Smith (born 1935) Napoleonic Wars
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – U.S. and German military historian
• Hew Strachan (born 1949) – British military historian
• Gerhard Weinberg (born 1928) – U.S. military historian
• Spenser Wilkinson (1853–1937)

Mormonism

• Leonard J. Arrington (1917–1999) – LDS Church historian 1975–1982
• B.H. Roberts (1857–1933)
• Fawn M. Brodie (1915–1981)
• Richard Bushman (born 1931)

Naval history

• Robert G. Albion (1896–1983) – maritime history
• Daniel A. Baugh (born 1931)
• Ulane Bonnel (1918–2006)
• Josiah Burchett (1666–1746)
• Montagu Burrows (1819–1905)
• Geoffrey Callender (1875–1946)
• Howard I. Chapelle (1901–1975) – maritime history
• William Bell Clark (1889–1968)
• Julian Corbett (1854–1922)
• William S. Dudley (born 1936)
• Michael Duffy
• Jan Glete (1947–2009)
• James Goldrick (born 1958)
• Andrew Gordon (born 1951) – Battle of Jutland
• Barry M. Gough (born 1938)
• Kenneth J. Hagan (born 1936)
• Paul G. Halpern (born 1937)
• John Hattendorf (born 1941)
• John Daniel Hayes (1902–1991)
• J. Richard Hill (1929–2017)
• William James (1780–1827)
• Paul Kennedy (born 1945)
• R.J.B. Knight (born 1944)
• Dudley W. Knox (1877–1960)
• Andrew Lambert (born 1956)
• Harold D. Langley (1925–2020)
• John Knox Laughton (1830–1915)
• Michael Lewis (1890–1970)
• Christopher Lloyd (1906–1986)
• Alfred Mahan (1840–1914)
• Arthur Marder (1910–1980)
• Tyrone G. Martin (born 1930) – historian of the USS Constitution and of the history of ironclads
• William J. Morgan (1917–2003)
• Samuel Eliot Morison (1887–1976) – wrote History of United States Naval Operations in World War II and numerous works about the maritime exploration of the Americas
• Henry Newbolt (1862–1938) – wrote The Naval History of the Great War
• Michael Oppenheim (1853–1927)
• Charles O. Paullin (1869–1944)
• Werner Rahn (born 1939)
• Bryan Ranft (1917–2001)
• Clark G. Reynolds (1939–2005)
• Herbert Richmond (1871–1946)
• N.A.M. Rodger (born 1949)
• Stephen Roskill (1903–1982)
• John Darrell Sherwood (born 1966)
• D.M. Schurman (1924–2013)
• William N. Still, Jr. (born 1932)
• Craig Symonds (born 1946)
• David Syrett (1939–2004)
• Geoffrey Till (born 1945)
• Johan Carel Marinus Warnsinck (1882–1943)
• Colin White (1951–2008)

Presbyterianism

• D.G. Hart (born 1956)

Social history

• David Rothman (1937–2020) — Father of American social history and the role of institutions in shaping history and society.
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011) – social history of ancient India
• Lloyd deMause (born 1931) – psychohistory
• Gabriela Dudeková (born 1968)
• Ruth Goodman (born 1963) – early modern, British social history

Intellectual history

• Carolina Armenteros
• Herbert Butterfield (1900–1979)
• David Lloyd Dusenbury
• Irena Grudzińska-Gross (born 1946)
• Gertrude Himmelfarb (1922–2019)
• Russell Jacoby (born 1945)
• Richard Lebrun
• Pierre Manent (born 1949)
• Elliot Neaman (born 1957)
• Steven Ozment (1939–2019)
• Jennifer Ratner-Rosenhagen
• Jon H. Roberts (born 1947)
• Helena Rosenblatt (born 1961)
• Ellis Sandoz (1931–2023)
• Larry Siedentop (1936–2024)
• James Turner (born 1946)
• Richard M. Weaver (1910–1963)
• Robert Wokler (1942–2006)
• Richard Wolin (born 1952)

World history

• Felipe Fernández-Armesto (born 1950)
• Christopher Bayly (1945–2015) – British Empire and India
• Ferdinand Braudel (1902–1985) – social and economic history
• Will Durant (1885–1981) – author of The Story of Civilization
• Francis Fukuyama (born 1955) – "End of history" thesis
• Hendrik Willem van Loon (1882–1944) – world history and geography for younger readers
• William McNeill (1917–2016) – author of The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community
• Jürgen Osterhammel (born 1952)
• John Roberts (1928–2003) – author of [History of the World
• Ram Sharan Sharma (1919–2011)) – author of Vishwa Itihaas ki Bhumika in Hindi.
• Jackson J. Spielvogel (born 1939) – author of several major world history textbooks
• Arnold J. Toynbee (1889–1975) – wrote landmark text A Study of History
• Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–2019)

Biography

• Peter Ackroyd (born 1949) – Dickens, Blake, Thomas More, Eliot, Newton
• James Boswell (1740–1795) – Samuel Johnson
• Alan Bullock (1914–2004) – historian best known for his influential biography of Hitler
• Robert Caro (born 1935) – Lyndon Johnson
• Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) – Friedrich der Grosse (the Great)
• Vincent Cronin (1924–2011) – Louis XIV, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, Catherine the Great, and Napoleon
• Leon Edel (1907–1997) – Henry James
• Richard Ellmann (1918–1987) – James Joyce
• Erik Erikson (1902–1994) – psychoanalytic biographies of Luther and Gandhi
• Roy Foster (born 1949) – W.B. Yeats
• Joseph Frank (1918–2013) – Fyodor Dostoevsky
• Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–1865) – Charlotte Brontë
• Stephen Greenblatt (born 1943) – Shakespeare
• Ragnhild Hatton (1913–1995) – King Charles XII of Sweden and King George I of Great Britain
• Walter Isaacson (born 1952) – Einstein
• Ian Kershaw (born 1943) – historian well known for his influential study of Hitler
• Ralph G. Martin (1920–2013) – Hubert H. Humphrey, Harry S. Truman, Edward VIII, Golda Meir, and John F. Kennedy
• Roi Medvedev (born 1925) – Stalin
• Susan Quinn (born 1940) – Marie Curie
• Ron Rosenbaum (born 1946) – author of Explaining Hitler
• Norman Sherry (1925–2016) – Graham Greene
• Jean Edward Smith (1932–2019) – Franklin D. Roosevelt, Ulysses S. Grant, John Marshall, and Lucius D. Clay
• Suetonius – lives of the Caesars
• Lytton Strachey (1880–1932) – Eminent Victorians
• A.N. Wilson (born 1950) – Tolstoy