Midnapore (Pron: mad̪aːniːpur), or sometimes Medinipur, is a former district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Midnapore. On 1 January 2002, the district was bifurcated into two districts: Purba Medinipur and Paschim Medinipur district. It was the largest district of West Bengal by area and population at the time of bifurcation.[3]
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History
editPre colonial
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In 1568, the Afghan Sultan of Bengal, Sulaiman Kararani, conquered Odisha up to Chilka Lake, but their rule lasted only until 1593 when it became part of the Mughal Empire.[4] Odisha was described in the Ain-i-Akbari of 1594-95 as divided into five sarkars, including Midnapore. Shah Jahan's reign brought Odisha under Bengal's governance, with a reorganization into 12 sarkars, including six that were later joined to Bengal around 1658. Further changes in 1722 by Murshid Kuli Khan introduced parganas, increasing the total in Bengal and Odisha. Chaklas were formed, and in 1751, southern Odisha was ceded to the Marathas, leaving the remainder, though officially Odisha,[5] functionally part of Bengal under comprehensive provincial regulations, with a significant portion centered around Midnapore.
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1872 | — | |
| 1881 | — | |
| 1891 | — | |
| 1901 | 2,789,114 | — |
| 1911 | 2,821,201 | +0.11% |
| 1921 | 2,666,660 | −0.56% |
| 1931 | 2,799,093 | +0.49% |
| 1941 | 3,190,647 | +1.32% |
| 1951 | 3,359,022 | +0.52% |
| 1961 | 4,341,855 | +2.60% |
| 1971 | 5,509,247 | +2.41% |
| 1981 | 6,742,796 | +2.04% |
| 1991 | 8,331,912 | +2.14% |
| 2001 | 9,610,788 | +1.44% |
| After 2001, Midnapore district was split into two separate district East Midnapore and West Midnapore. Subsequently, in 2017, Jhargram subdivision of West Midnapore was separated from the district, forming a Jhargram district. Note- The census data is addition of two splitted district. Source: Census of India[6] | ||
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
- ^ Saha, Sudhir Chandra (1973). "The Scheme for Partition of Midnapur in Different Phases and ITS Impact". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 34: 175–181. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44138712.
- ^ "Mughal-Afghan Conflict in Odisha | History of Odisha". 26 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
- ^ "Odisha under Maratha Rule | History of Odisha". 26 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
- ^ "A-02: Decadal variation in population 1901-2011, West Bengal, India, 2011" (PDF). www.censusindia.gov.in.
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