Charles McMahon (May 10, 1953 – April 29, 1975)[1] and Darwin Lee Judge (February 16, 1956 – April 29, 1975)[2] were the last two United States servicemen killed in Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The two men, both U.S. Marines, were killed in a rocket attack one day before the Fall of Saigon.
Charles McMahon, 11 days short of his 22nd birthday, was a Corporal from Woburn, Massachusetts. Darwin Judge was a 19-year-old Lance Corporal and Eagle Scout from Marshalltown, Iowa.
Deaths
editMcMahon and Judge were members of the Marine Security Guard (MSG) Battalion at the US Embassy, Saigon and were providing security for the DAO Compound, adjacent to Tân Sơn Nhứt Airport, Saigon. McMahon had arrived in Saigon on 18 April, while Judge had arrived in early March.[3] Both died in a North Vietnamese rocket attack on Tân Sơn Nhứt on the morning of April 29, 1975.[4]
In accordance with procedures for deceased Americans in Vietnam, their bodies were transferred to the Saigon Adventist Hospital, near Tan Son Nhut. In telephone calls to the hospital on the afternoon of April 29, the few remaining staff advised that the bodies had been evacuated; in fact the bodies were left behind.[5] Operation Frequent Wind, the American evacuation of Saigon, was completed the following day, April 30, 1975. Senator Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts, through diplomatic channels, secured the return of the bodies the following year.[6] The transfer of the bodies took place on February 22, 1976, at Tân Sơn Nhứt Airport to two of Kennedy's aides. Their caskets were loaded onto an Air France Caravelle jet chartered by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and were flown to Bangkok to be received by a U.S. military honor guard and then transferred to U-Tapao Royal Thai Navy Airfield for identification.[7]
Judge was buried with full military honors in March 1976 in Marshalltown, Iowa. There was a flag draped coffin, a Marine Honor Guard, and a rifle firing salute. The flag that covered his coffin was folded and presented to his parents. His funeral was attended by the Daily Iowan (Iowa City, Iowa). Judge was given a second Marine burial honors 25 years later through planning by Douglas Potratz, USMC MSG who served with Judge in Saigon and Ken Locke, boyhood friend and fellow Eagle Scout;[8] retired USMC Lieutenant Colonel Jim Kean, the commanding officer of the Marines during the Fall of Saigon, presented a flag to Judge's parents at a ceremony held at the Iowa Veteran's Home Vietnam War Memorial.[9]
First and last American casualties in Vietnam
editFor over 40 years the first American serviceman who died in Vietnam was in controversy. Richard B. Fitzgibbon Jr.'s death in June 1956 was deemed to have taken place before the start of the Vietnam War. However, the family of Fitzgibbon had long lobbied to have the start date changed and their cause was taken up by U.S. Representative Ed Markey (D-MA).[10] After a high level review by the DoD and through the efforts of Fitzgibbon's family, the start date of the Vietnam war was changed to November 1, 1955.[11] The November 1955 date was chosen as the new start date because that was when the Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG) in Vietnam was separated out from "MAAG, Indochina". This was a reorganization of the MAAG into the different countries.[12] With this new date Fitzgibbon became the first person to die in the Vietnam War, Fitzgibbon's name was added to the Vietnam Memorial Wall in 1999.[13] The former first two official casualties were U.S. Army Major Dale R. Buis and Master Sergeant Chester Charles Ovnand who were killed on July 8, 1959.
While McMahon and Judge were the last American ground casualties in Vietnam, they are not the last casualties of the Vietnam War (a term which also covers the U.S. involvement in Cambodia and Laos) recorded on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial; those names belong to the 18 Americans killed in the Mayaguez Incident.
Memorials
edit
The Fall of Saigon Marines Association, a California non-profit, public-benefit corporation, was formed to honor the last two Marines to be killed in action in Vietnam. The association sponsors two $500 scholarships for Eagle Scouts attending Marshalltown High School in Marshalltown, Iowa (as a memorial to Eagle Scout Judge).[14] A large color photo of Judge and plaque, is displayed near Marshalltown High School’s main entrance. A park in Marshalltown is named in his honor.[15]
A memorial plaque was erected on a planter on the grounds of the US Consulate in Saigon (the former US embassy).[16]
In July 2023 the Marine Corps Embassy Security Group building at Marine Corps Base Quantico was renamed the McMahon-Judge Annex.[17]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "CPL Charles McMahon". The Virtual Wall. Archived from the original on 2012-03-26.
- ^ "CPL Darwin L Judge". The Virtual Wall. Archived from the original on 2012-03-26.
- ^ Drury, Bob (2011). Last Men Out. Free Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-1-4391-6101-2.
- ^ "The Long Last Day". CBS News. April 26, 2000.
- ^ Major James H, Kean SSN/0802 USMC, After Action Report 17 April ~ 7 May 1975 p. 5 & 8 Archived 29 October 2010 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Dunham, George R (1990). U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973-1975 (Marine Corps Vietnam Operational Historical Series). Marine Corps Association. p. 201. ISBN 9780160264559.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ David A. Andelivian (February 23, 1976). "Remains of 2 U.S. Servicemen Are Flown From Saigon to Bangkok". The New York Times. p. 5.
- ^ "Darwin Judge, LCPL, Marine Corps, Marshalltown IA, 29Apr75 01W124 - the Virtual Wall®". Archived from the original on 2014-08-23. Retrieved 2015-02-18. Virtual Wall - Darwin Judge, include "Home Of Brave" by Bob Faw, NBC News, April 28, 2000]
- ^ [1] 25th Anniversary Observance, Marshalltown, Iowa, Fall of Saigon Marines Association]
- ^ Al Turco (June 2, 1999). "Fitzgibbon's name is on the Wall". Stoneham Independent. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ "Name of Technical Sergeant Richard B. Fitzgibbon to be added to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial". Department of Defense (DoD). November 6, 1998. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ Lawrence, A. T. (2009). Crucible Vietnam: Memoir of an Infantry Lieutenant. McFarland. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7864-4517-2.
- ^ Al Turco (June 2, 1999). "Fitzgibbon's name is on the Wall". Stoneham Independent. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ "Vietnam hero finally honored".
- ^ "Darwin Judge killed on war's final day", Marshalltown Times-Republican, April 29, 2015
- ^ "MSGs honor fallen comrades with PT event". Defense Visual Information Distribution Service. 29 April 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
- ^ Sgt. Ramon Garcia (28 July 2023). "MSAU building dedication ceremony in honor of MSGs Cpl. Charles McMahon Jr. and Lance Cpl. Darwin L. Judge". Defense Visual Information Distribution Service. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
