Marianus Scotus (1028–1082 or 1083) was an Irish monk and chronicler.[1] He authored the Chronica Clara, a history of the world.[2]
Name
editMarianus Scotus is Latin for "Marian the Scot", although that term at the time was still inclusive of the Irish. He is sometimes known as Marianus Scotus of Mainz to distinguish him from Marianus Scotus of Regensburg and sometimes called Máel Brigte (Modern Irish: Maelbhríde), "Brigit's Servant". The name "Marianus" ('devotee of Mary') was doubtless given on the occasion of his becoming a monk on the Continent.[3]
Life
editAn Irishman by birth, he was educated by a certain Tigernach and, having become a monk in 1052,[4] he travelled to Germany, on the continental mainland, in 1056, and his subsequent life was passed in the abbeys of St Martin at Cologne and of Fulda, and at Mainz. He died in Mainz on 22 December 1082 or 1083,[5] and was buried in Mainz Cathedral.
Works
editMarianus wrote a Clear Chronicle (Latin: Cronica Clara), which purports to be a universal history from the creation of the world to 1082[6] and which employed a dual numbering scheme on the misunderstanding that the Christian era computed by Dionysius Exiguus had been mistaken by 22 years. The chronicle was very popular during the Middle Ages and, in England, was extensively used by John of Worcester and other writers.[7] It was first printed at Basel in 1559[8] and has been edited with an introduction by Georg Waitz for the Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Scriptores, Vol. V.[9] Codex Palatino-Vaticanus 830 contains the Tripartite Chronicle of Marianus Scotus.
See also
edit- Tilmo, Irish missionary, fl. 690.
- Aaron Scotus (died 1052)
- Marianus Scotus of Regensburg (died circa 1088)
- David Scotus (died 1139), chronicler
- Joseph Scottus (died near 800), Irish deacon, scholar, diplomat, poet, and ecclesiastic
- Johannes Scotus Eriugena (c. 815–877), Irish theologian
- Sedulius Scottus (9th century), Irish teacher, grammarian and Scriptural commentator
References
editCitations
edit- ^ New Catholic Encyclopedia: Mab-Mor - Page 163 2003 "Marianus Scotus of Mainz, chronicler; b. Ireland, 1028; d. Mainz, Germany, Dec. 22, 1082 or 1083. Marianus (in Irish Moel Brigte) entered the monastery of Mag Bile (Moville, Co. Down) when he was 24 years old. He left Ireland in 1056, during ...":
- ^ Nothaft, C. Philipp E. (2022), Woodman, D. A.; Tinti, Francesca (eds.), "Worcester and the English Reception of Marianus Scotus", Constructing History across the Norman Conquest: Worcester, c.1050-c.1150, Boydell & Brewer, pp. 150–173, ISBN 978-1-80010-541-6
- ^ The Codex Palatino-Vaticanus, No. 830: Texts, Translations and Indices, MacCarthy, Bartholomew; Marianus Scotus, 1028-1082
- ^ William Turner (1913). . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge (1893). . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 36. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ Leonard E. Boyle Medieval Latin Palaeography: A Bibliographical Introduction 1984 - Page 97 "the chronicle of Marianus Scotus of Mainz"
- ^ Naomi Reed Kline Maps of Medieval Thought: The Hereford Paradigm 2001 Page 221 "In particular she cites the importance of the Universal Chronicle of Marianus Scotus of Mainz which was brought to Hereford by Bishop Robert of Hereford (1079-95);"
- ^ CHRONICA: ad Euangelij ueritatem,… first edition: Jacobus Parcus, Basel, 1559 One issue can be retrieved in the Stadtbibliothek Mainz [Sign. IV e:2°/93].
- ^ See also W. Wattenbach, Deutschlands Geschichtsquellen (Bd. ii., 1894).
Bibliography
edit- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Marianus Scotus". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Reeves, William, On Marianus Scotus, of Ratisbon (Royal Irish Academy, 1860) (title details online at google.com)
