Manila, also known as Tondo until 1859, was a province of the Philippines that encompassed the former pre-Hispanic polities of Tondo, Maynila, and Namayan.[1] In 1898, it comprised the city of Manila (primarily referring to present-day Intramuros) and 23 other municipalities. In 1901, the province was dissolved, with the city of Manila absorbing six of its smaller neighboring municipalities. The remaining part was merged with the adjacent district of Morong to form the province of Rizal.
| Manila Maynila Tondo (1571–1859) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Former province of the Philippines | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1571–1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||
 Location of the historical province of Manila in 1899 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital | Manila Mariquina (1898–1899) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Area | |||||||||||||||||||||
• 1898 | 683 km2 (264 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Population | |||||||||||||||||||||
• 1898 | 269,793 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Spanish colonial period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1571 | |||||||||||||||||||||
• Became the capital of colonial Philippines | 1595 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Occupied by Great Britain | 1762–1764 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Renamed as Manila | 1859 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Sovereignty transferred to the United States | 1899 | ||||||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1901 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||
| Today part of | Philippines | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Cities and municipalities
editThe province was last composed of the City of Manila and 23 other municipalities. The districts of Binondo, Dilao, Ermita, Malate, Pandacan, Quiapo, Sampaloc, San Miguel, Santa Ana, Santa Cruz, and Tondo are often referred to as "pueblos", "arrabales" ("suburbs") or "neighbourhoods" of Manila. The name Manila originally referred to the "city within the walls" (now Intramuros), but its meaning eventually came to include the suburbs surrounding it, leading to confusion about which places constitute "Manila" in the late 19th century.[1][2][3] From the 1860s onward, the area was often referred to as Ciudad de Manila y sus arrabales ("The City of Manila and its suburbs") or as Manila y los pueblos de extramuros ("Manila and the communities outside the walls").[2] The present-day City of Manila includes all these areas.
The municipalities of Antipolo, Boso-Boso, Cainta and Taytay were also part of the province, then known as Tondo, until 1853 when it was annexed to Distrito Politico-Militar de los Montes de San Mateo (later known as Distrito Politico-Militar de Morong).[4]
The table below presents information from the cited source.[1]
| City/Municipality | Population (1898) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Manila[A 1] | 110,000 | Provincial capital |
| Caloocan | 9,843 | situated 7 miles (11 km) from Manila. There are highroads to Manila, Novaliches, Mariquina, and Sampaloc. |
| Dilao[A 2][A 3] | 4,625 | situated 3 miles (4.8 km) from Manila. |
| Ermita[A 2] | 4,726 | situated 1+1⁄4 miles (2.0 km) from Manila. |
| Las Piñas | 4,000 | situated 8 miles (13 km) from Manila. |
| Malate[A 2] | 2,319 | situated 1+2⁄3 miles (2.7 km) from Manila. |
| Malibay[A 4] | 2,890 | situated 4 miles (6.4 km) from Manila. |
| Mariquina[A 5] | 10,313 | situated 7 miles (11 km) from Manila. It communicates with Caloocan by a highroad. Provincial capital from 1898 to 1899 under the First Philippine Republic.[5] |
| Montalban[A 6] | 3,055 | situated 16 miles (26 km) from Manila. |
| Muntinlupa | 5,068 | situated 21 miles (34 km) from Manila. |
| Navotas | 9,154 | situated 6+1⁄4 miles (10.1 km) from Manila. |
| Novaliches[A 7] | 1,871 | situated 10 miles (16 km) from Manila. It communicates with Caloocan and Manila by highroads. Ceded from Bulacan in 1858 |
| Pandacan[A 2] | 2,446 | situated 2 miles (3.2 km) from Manila. |
| Parañaque | 9,863 | situated at a distance of 6+1⁄8 miles (9.9 km) from Manila. |
| Pasig | 22,000 | situated 7 miles (11 km) from Manila. |
| Pateros | 2,842 | situated 3 miles (4.8 km) from Manila. |
| Pineda[A 8] | 9,825 | situated 3+1⁄8 miles (5.0 km) from Manila. |
| San Felipe Neri[A 9] | 5,465 | |
| San Juan del Monte[A 10] | 2,011 | |
| San Mateo[A 11] | 6,700 | situated 17 miles (27 km) from Manila. |
| San Pedro Macati[A 12] | 3,921 | situated about 3 miles (4.8 km) from Manila. |
| Santa Ana[A 2] | 2,194 | situated about 3 miles (4.8 km) from Manila. |
| Taguig | 9,662 | situated 4 miles (6.4 km) from Manila. |
| Tambobong[A 13] | 25,000 | situated 3 miles (4.8 km) from Manila. |
- ^ Now consists of the districts of Binondo, Intramuros (old center of Manila), Quiapo, Sampaloc, San Miguel, San Nicolas, Santa Cruz, Santa Mesa, and Tondo.
- ^ a b c d e Now part of the present-day City of Manila
- ^ Refers to Paco, Manila and also includes San Andres, Manila
- ^ United with Pasay on October 12, 1903
- ^ Now Marikina
- ^ Now Rodriguez, Rizal
- ^ Annexed by Caloocan in the early 20th century. Areas that historically belonged to Novaliches are now divided between northern Caloocan and Quezon City
- ^ Now Pasay
- ^ Now Mandaluyong
- ^ Now San Juan
- ^ Now San Mateo, Rizal
- ^ Now Makati
- ^ Now Malabon
Map
editShown below are the locations of the municipalities of the province of Manila, as of 1899. Except for Montalban and San Mateo that are in the present-day province of Rizal, all these areas are included in the present-day cities of Metro Manila.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c United States. Adjutant-General's Office. Military Information Division (1898). Military notes on the Philippines: September 1898. Washington: Government Printing Office.
- ^ a b Macdonald, Charles J-H.; Pesigan, Guillermo M. (2000). Old ties and new solidarities: studies on Philippine communities. ADMU Press. ISBN 9789715503518.
- ^ Act No. 183 (July 31, 1901), An act to incorporate the City of Manila, retrieved July 13, 2021
- ^ "Journey to the Past". Rizal Provincial Government. Retrieved February 8, 2023.
- ^ "Brief History of Marikina". Marikina On The Go, Marikina Science High School. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved February 28, 2015.
- ^ 1901 Map of Luzon, showing the province of Manila