Proliferating trichilemmal cysts (also known as a pilar tumor, proliferating follicular cystic neoplasm, proliferating pilar tumor, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor)[1] is a cutaneous condition, characterized by proliferations of squamous cells forming scroll-like structures.[1][2]: 678
| Proliferating trichilemmal cyst | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Pilar tumor, proliferating follicular cystic neoplasm, proliferating pilar tumor, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor |
 | |
| Proliferating tricholemmal (pilar) cyst | |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Signs and symptoms
editThe tumors, which are typically found in regions like the scalp with a high density of hair follicles, can be solid or solid cystic. Proliferating trichilemmal cyst frequently manifests clinically as a subcutaneous nodule that gradually grows into a big nodular mass. Rapid growth in some cases may be a sign of malignant development into cancer.[3]
Diagnosis
editHistologically, Proliferating trichilemmal cysts are distinguished by trichilemmal keratinization, which is the sudden change from nucleated epithelium to anucleated keratinized cells without a granular layer.[4] The differential diagnosis include trichilemmal cyst and Turban tumor.[5]
Treatment
editSurgical excision is the treatment of choice for proliferating trichilemmal cysts.[4]
Epidemiology
editProliferating trichilemmal cysts make up 0.1% of all skin tumors.[4] Most patients with these tumors are older women, and 90% of patients with these lesions appear on the scalp.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Valerio, Ediel; Parro, Fernando Henrique Sgarbi; Macedo, Mariana Petaccia de; Pinto, Clovis Antonio Lopes (2019). "Proliferating trichilemmal cyst with clinical, radiological, macroscopic, and microscopic correlation". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 94 (4). FapUNIFESP (SciELO): 452–454. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198199. ISSN 1806-4841. PMC 7007035. PMID 31644620.
- ^ a b c Capurso-García, Marino Antonio; Bautista-Piña, Verónica; Pomerantz, Alan; Galnares-Olalde, Javier Andrés; Blachman-Braun, Ruben; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Sergio; Goldberg-Murow, Monica (2016). "Atypical Proliferating Trichilemmal Cyst with Malignant Breast Skin Transformation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature". Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2016. Hindawi Limited: 1–4. doi:10.1155/2016/7481569. ISSN 2090-6706. PMC 4923530. PMID 27403361.
- ^ Chang, S.J.; Sims, J.; Murtagh, F.R.; McCaffrey, J.C.; Messina, J.L. (2006-03-01). "Proliferating Trichilemmal Cysts of the Scalp on CT". American Journal of Neuroradiology. 27 (3): 712–714. ISSN 0195-6108. PMC 7976987. PMID 16552022. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
- ^ Deshmukh, BhaktiD; Kulkarni, MedhaP; Momin, YasminA; Sulhyan, KalpanaR (2014). "Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor: A case report and review of literature". Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics. 10 (3): 767. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.136036. ISSN 0973-1482. PMID 25313781.
Further reading
edit- Kearns-Turcotte, Sélia; Thériault, Mimi; Blouin, Marie-Michèle (2022). "Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors arising in patients with multiple trichilemmal cysts: A case series". JAAD Case Reports. 22. Elsevier BV: 42–46. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.01.033. ISSN 2352-5126. PMC 8924508. PMID 35310136.
- Sharma, Reena; Verma, Prashant; Yadav, Pravesh; Sharma, Sonal (2012). "Proliferating trichilemmal tumor of scalp: Benign or malignant, A dilemma". Journal of Cutaneous and Aesthetic Surgery. 5 (3). Medknow: 213. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.101394. ISSN 0974-2077. PMC 3483585.