Universal Creative is the division of Universal Destinations & Experiences responsible for designing, developing, engineering, and producing themed attractions, rides, and, resorts. Headquartered in Orlando, Florida, the company operates at Universal Parks & Resorts locations around the world in the United States, Singapore, Japan, and China.[1]

Universal Creative
Company typeDivision
IndustryEngineering, architecture, design
Founded1968; 56 years ago (1968)
HeadquartersOrlando, Florida
Key people
Molly Murphy, President
ProductsTheme parks, resorts, attractions
ParentUniversal Destinations & Experiences

Universal Creative often collaborates with entertainment design companies, such as Forrec, THG Creative, and P+A Projects.[2][3][4]

History

edit

In December 1958, MCA Inc. purchased the Universal City Studio Lot in California. After MCA and Universal merged in 1962, MCA-Universal expanded into recreation.[5] In 1964, MCA-Universal officially opened Universal Studios Hollywood.[6] As the park grew, Universal Creative was founded in 1968 under the name MCA Planning, and Development as part of MCA-Universal's recreation division.[7]

Universal Creative continued to operate through 1996 as MCA Planning and Development, opening Universal Studios Florida in 1990 and creating attractions such as Jaws and E.T. Adventure. In 1996 MCA was sold to Seagram, which changed the company name to Universal Studios, Inc. In 1997, MCA Planning and Development was renamed Universal Creative. Two years later, Universal Creative opened Islands of Adventure at Universal Orlando Resort.

The company moved to Universal Orlando Resort in 2001, the same year it opened Universal Studios Japan.[7] In 2011, Comcast purchased NBCUniversal, incorporating Universal Parks & Resorts and Universal Creative into its portfolio.[8] Universal Studios Singapore, a joint venture with Resorts World Sentosa on Sentosa Island, was opened by Universal Creative in the same year. The company opened the world's first "Water Theme Park" in 2017 with the opening of Universal's Volcano Bay. In 2021, Universal opened Universal Beijing Resort, which was the first ever theme park to achieve a LEED Certification. The company's latest project is Universal Epic Universe, which will become the fourth park at the Universal Orlando Resort. Universal Creative also has offices in Osaka and Beijing.[9]

Executive leadership

edit

By December 13, 2022, several individuals had retired from Universal Creative as part of an NBCU-wide retirement initiative.[10]

  • Molly Murphy: President, Universal Creative Universal Destinations & Experiences
  • Modesto Alcala [retired]: Senior Vice President, Global Restaurant Development[11]
  • Steve Blum: Senior Vice President, Ride Safety & Engineering[12]
  • Brian Robinson: Executive Vice President, Chief Creative Officer[13]
  • Eric Parr: Senior Vice President of Creative Studio[13]
  • Russ Dagon: Senior Vice President, Resort Development[14]
  • Gene Dobrzyn: Senior Vice President, Project Management Office[15]
  • Brawner Greer: Senior Vice President, Legal Affairs[16]
  • Charlie Gundacker: Senior Vice President, Executive Project Director[17]
  • Caryl Lucarelli: Senior Vice President, Human Resources, Universal Creative, and International[18]
  • Daniel Memis: Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer[19]

Notable projects

edit

Attractions

edit
 
Volcano Bay's 200 ft. tall "Krakatau" volcano.

Universal Volcano Bay

edit

Universal Volcano Bay is Universal's first attempt at developing a water theme park. This project, the third park at Universal Orlando Resort, replaced Wet 'n Wild Orlando in 2017. At the center of the park is "Krakatau", a 200-foot-tall (61 m) volcano. Its slides include water coasters, capsule plunge slides, and slides that drop riders four feet above the pool below. Similarly to Disney's MagicBands, Volcano Bay uses TapuTapu wristband technology, which was later used in the Super Nintendo World areas.[20]

Jurassic World VelociCoaster

edit

VelociCoaster is said to be Florida's fastest, tallest, and most intense launch coaster, traveling at speeds up to 70 miles per hour (110 km/h), and reaching a maximum height of 155 feet (47 m).[21] VelociCoaster features two high-speed launches powered by linear synchronous motors, a top hat, four inversions, and an over-water heartline roll.

Super Nintendo World

edit

Universal Studios Japan contains the world's first Super Nintendo World area. This area contains dozens of interactive elements, as well as two rides that let guests experience the world of the Super Mario franchise. Universal Creative worked closely with Nintendo, including Shigeru Miyamoto, to create the area. The rides in this land include Mario Kart: Koopa's Challenge, an interactive dark ride with augmented reality based on the Mario Kart spin-off franchise. Super Nintendo World uses "Power-Up Bands" that allow guests to interact with certain elements in the land, such as the "Power-Up Band Key Challenges", and track high scores through the official Universal Studios Japan smartphone application.

Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure

edit

Universal Creative's Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure has 7 launches, more than most coasters, and contains the longest coaster track in Florida, measuring approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) in length. The ride has a free-fall vertical drop of 17 feet (5.2 m), and it catapults guests 65 feet (20 m) in the air at more than a 70-degree angle before immediately dropping them back down in one movement. The construction of this attraction also included planting a forest of 1,200 trees.[22]

Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure won the Thea Award from the Themed Entertainment Association for outstanding achievement, the Best New Roller Coaster Award from Theme Park Insider, and was named "best new attraction installation of 2019" from the 2019 Golden Ticket Awards.[23][24][25]

Transformers: The Ride - 3D

edit

Universal Creative, in partnership with Oceaneering International and Industrial Light & Magic, created Transformers: The Ride - 3D at Universal Studios Singapore, Universal Studios Hollywood, and Universal Orlando Resort. The attraction blends computer-generated imagery with reality, using 14 screens and physical props.[26] Universal Creative opened this attraction in Singapore in 2011, Hollywood in 2012, and Orlando in 2013. Due to space constraints, the Orlando ride was placed on two stories.[27] Transformers: The Ride - 3D has won numerous awards, including the Thea Award for outstanding achievement, the International 3D Society Lumiere Award, and was named "best new attraction" from Theme Park Insider.[28]

The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man

edit

Universal Creative's The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man is a dark ride using advanced audio, with the sound accurate to 15 of a video frame.[29] Universal Creative partnered with Oceaneering International to create a 12-passenger motion-base simulator pod capable of six degrees of freedom (heave, sway, surge, yaw, pitch, and roll), and 360-degree rotation (achieved with a ring and pinion gear system), all contained in an angled shell to direct riders' view. Universal Creative's Phil Hettema and William Mason received inventor credits on the ride system patent, known as the SCOOP.[29]

Universal Creative employees Scott Trowbridge and Thierry Coup storyboarded a scene-by-scene breakdown of the ride that would be projected onto thirteen 30-foot-tall projection screens integrated with physical sets. Since guests would be moving toward, away from, or past these 3D screens, animators had to consider the perspective shift that viewers would actually encounter if these really matched. They developed a new process they called "squinching", used to account for a viewer's moving sightline and distorting the animation to match.[29]

Created for the Islands of Adventure theme park that opened on May 28, 1999, The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man won Amusement Today's Golden Ticket Award for Best Dark Ride for twelve consecutive years from 1999 through to 2010. In 2000, the ride won a Thea Award from the Themed Entertainment Association for outstanding themed entertainment, and experience design. It has also won numerous public-voted Theme Park Insider Awards, and Screamscape Ultimate Awards. The ride has been duplicated at Universal Studios Japan, which opened in January 2004.

Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey

edit
 
The Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade (Islands of Adventure)'s 200 ft. tall "Hogwarts Castle" facade.

Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey opened in June 2010 as part of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter - Hogsmeade at Islands of Adventure. It features robotic arms as a ride vehicle which are mounted on a track, to travel through the attraction while performing their movements in synchronization with the ride's show elements (animated props, projection surfaces, and so on).[30] In Amusement Today's annual Golden Ticket Awards, Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey debuted as the best new ride of 2010. It won the Best Dark Ride category for five consecutive years from 2011 to 2015.[30] Due to the popularity of the ride, it was duplicated at Universal Studios Japan (which opened on July 18, 2014), and Universal Studios Hollywood (which opened on April 7, 2016).

Resorts

edit

The Universal Creative Resort Development team designs, and develops resort, hotel, restaurant, and retail experiences for Universal Parks & Resorts. Universal Orlando Resort's long-standing partnership with Loews Hotels led to the development of Loews Portofino Bay Hotel, Hard Rock Hotel, Loews Royal Pacific Resort, Cabana Bay Beach Resort, Loews Sapphire Falls Resort, Universal's Aventura Hotel, Universal's Endless Summer Resort – Surfside, and Universal's Endless Summer Resort – Dockside.[31] Universal Creative's other resorts include The Universal Studios Grand Hotel, and the NUO Resort Hotel – Universal Beijing Resort at Universal Beijing Resort.[32]

Restaurants

edit
 
The Toothsome Chocolate Emporium, and Savory Feast Kitchen at Universal CityWalk Beijing

Universal Creative designs, and develops the restaurants inside Universal's theme parks, as well as their Universal CityWalk shopping, and restaurant areas. Restaurants within the parks include Mythos Restaurant, The Leaky Cauldron, and The Three Broomsticks at Universal Orlando Resort.[33][34] Restaurants in Universal CityWalk Orlando include The Cowfish, Vivo Italian Kitchen, Toothsome Chocolate Emporium, and Savory Feast Kitchen. Other restaurants shared between several Universal CityWalk areas include Jimmy Buffett's Margaritaville, Bubba Gump, and Voodoo Doughnut.[35]

All projects

edit

Current projects

edit

Universal Creative is in the process of developing Epic Universe, the fourth park to be added to the Universal Orlando Resort portfolio, which was announced in August 2019. It will feature an entertainment center, hotels, shops, restaurants, and more. It is expected to be located within a larger 750-acre site that will nearly double Universal's total available acreage in Central Florida. The park is set to open on May 22, 2025.

On January 11, 2023, Universal announced two projects: Universal Kids Resort, a "new concept"-styled theme park geared towards families with children in Frisco, Texas, and Universal Horror Unleashed, a "horror-experience" in Las Vegas.[36][37]

On December 19, 2023, Universal confirmed it had "acquired land" near Bedford, UK, and is "at the early stages of exploring its feasibility for a potential park, and resort at this site".[38]

Project Park/Resort Opening Date
Universal Epic Universe[39] Universal Orlando May 22, 2025[40]
Minion Land[41][42][43][44] Universal Studios Singapore 2025
Super Nintendo World[45]
Universal Horror Unleashed Area15[46]
Unnamed second theme park Universal Beijing Resort[47]
Universal Kids Resort May 2026[48]
Fast & Furious: Hollywood Drift Universal Studios Hollywood[49][50][51] 2026[52]
Universal Studios United Kingdom[53] 2030[54]

Past projects

edit

Patents

edit

Universal Creative files numerous patents for new technologies with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. In 2019, Universal Creative filed 43 patents.[55] Some notable patents include the SCOOP ride vehicle designed for The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man in Universal Orlando Resort, interactive wand technology for the Wizarding World of Harry Potter, and moving portraits for the queue of Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey.[56][57] "We actually had to create the technology which was used to make those portraits look like moving paintings," said Thierry Coup, Senior Vice President of Universal Creative's Creative Studio. "There's a whole portfolio of patents that Universal filed just with the creation of this attraction".[58]

Awards

edit

Thea Awards

edit
Award Year(s) Received Project Park/Resort
Paragon Award 2015 The Wizarding World of Harry Potter[59] Universal Studios Florida
Diagon Alley
Hogwarts Express
Diagon Alley Retail/Dining
Award for Outstanding Achievement 1996 Waterworld: A Live Sea War Spectacular Universal Studios Hollywood
1997 Terminator 2: 3D: The Battle Across Time Universal Studios Florida
2000 FiestAventura Universal Studios Port Aventura
The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man Islands of Adventure
2001 Men in Black: Alien Attack Universal Studios Florida
2002 Animal Celebration Universal Studios Japan
2002 Templo del Fuego Universal Studios Port Aventura
2005 Revenge of the Mummy Universal Studios Florida
2006 Fear Factor Live Universal Studios Florida
2008 Peter Pan's Neverland Universal Studios Japan
2009 The Simpsons Ride Universal Studios Florida
2009 Universal Studios Hollywood
2010 Disaster! Universal Studios Florida
2011 The Wizarding World of Harry Potter Islands of Adventure
Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey Islands of Adventure
2012 Space Fantasy The Ride Universal Studios Japan
2013 Transformers: The Ride 3D Universal Studios Hollywood
Universal Studios Singapore
2014 The Song of An Angel Universal Studios Japan
2015 Harry Potter & The Escape from Gringotts Universal Studios Florida
2017 Springfield (Themed Food & Beverage Experience) Universal Studios Hollywood
2018 Universal's Volcano Bay Universal Orlando Resort
2019 Universal Spectacle Night Parade – The Best of Hollywood[60] Universal Studios Japan
2020 Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure Universal Studios Florida
2021 Super Nintendo World Universal Studios Japan
The Bourne Stuntacular Universal Studios Florida
2022 Universal Beijing Resort Universal Beijing Resort
Untrainable Universal Beijing Resort
Jurassic World Adventure Universal Beijing Resort
Award for Technical Excellence 2015 Interactive Wands Universal Studios Florida
Classic Award 2002 Universal Studio's Tram Tour Universal Studios Hollywood
2017 WaterWorld: A Live Sea War Spectacular Universal Studios Hollywood

The Golden Ticket Awards presented by Amusement Today[61]

edit
Award Year(s) Received Project Park/Resort Notes
Best Indoor Attraction 1998 Back to the Future: The Ride Universal Studios Florida
Best Simulated Interactive Ride
Best Dark Ride 1999 - 2010 The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man Islands of Adventure
2011 - 2015 Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey Islands of Adventure
Best Water Ride 2001 - 2002, 2004, 2006 - 2014 Dudley Do-Right's Ripsaw Falls Islands of Adventure
Best Indoor Coaster 2008 - 2019 Revenge of the Mummy Universal Studios Florida In 2019, Amusement Today retired the category of Best Indoor Coaster as Revenge of the Mummy had won it every year since 2008. As well as retiring the category, Amusement Today presented Revenge of the Mummy with the Legend's Award.[62]
Best New Attraction 2010 Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey Islands of Adventure
2019 Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure Islands of Adventure
2020/2021 Jurassic World VelociCoaster Islands of Adventure
Golden Ticket Awards Legend 2019 Revenge of the Mummy Universal Studios Florida

Theme Park Insider Awards[63]

edit
Award Year(s) Received Project Park/Resort
Best Theme Park 2002 - 2004, 2010 - 2011. 2020 - 2022 Islands of Adventure Islands of Adventure
Best Attraction 2002 - 2005 The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man Islands of Adventure
Best Roller Coaster 2003 - 2004 The Incredible Hulk Islands of Adventure
2021 Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure Islands of Adventure
2022 Jurassic World VelociCoaster Islands of Adventure
Best Table Service Restaurant 2003 - 2008, 2019 - 2022 Mythos Restaurant Islands of Adventure
Best New Attraction 2004 Revenge of the Mummy Universal Studios Florida
2008 The Simpsons Ride Universal Studios Florida
2010 Harry Potter, and the Forbidden Journey Islands of Adventure
2012 Transformers: The Ride Universal Studios Hollywood
Best New Family Attraction 2015 Hogwarts Express Universal Orlando Resort
Best Quick-Service Restaurant 2015, 2020 The Leaky Cauldron Universal Studios Florida
2016 - 2018 The Three Broomsticks Universal Studios Hollywood
Best New Theme Park 2017 Volcano Bay Volcano Bay
Best New Roller Coaster 2017 Krakatau Volcano Bay
2020 Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure Islands of Adventure
2022 Jurassic World VelociCoaster Islands of Adventure
Best Show 2022 Untrainable Universal Studios Beijing

Brass Ring Awards[64]

edit
Award Year(s) Received Project Park/Resort
Most Creative Holiday Show 2021 Crystal Promise Universal Studios Japan

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "Universal Creative | Universal Parks & Resorts". 2021-09-12. Retrieved 2023-11-08.
  2. ^ "Theme Park Designers | Theme Park Planning and Design". P+A Projects. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  3. ^ "Universal Studios Florida". forrec.com. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  4. ^ "Projects". THG. Retrieved 2022-12-22.
  5. ^ "About Us". Universal Studios Lot. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  6. ^ "Universal Studios Hollywood - Chronology". The Studio Tour. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  7. ^ a b "A brief history of Disney's and Universal's theme park design divisions". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  8. ^ "Comcast completes NBC Universal merger". Reuters. 2011-01-29. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  9. ^ "Universal Creative Careers". Universal Creative Careers.
  10. ^ "Universal Creative Gutted After Execs Take Early Retirement". 2022-12-13. Retrieved 2022-12-23.
  11. ^ "Modesto Alcala". LinkedIn.
  12. ^ "Steve Blum". LinkedIn.
  13. ^ a b Jill, Goldsmith (March 28, 2023). "Universal's Rebranded Parks Division Taps Brian Robinson & Eric Parr As It Fires Up Creative Unit". DEADLINE.
  14. ^ "Russ Dagon". LinkedIn.
  15. ^ "Gene Dobrzyn". LinkedIn.
  16. ^ "Browner Greer". LinkedIn.
  17. ^ "Charlie Gundacker". LinkedIn.
  18. ^ "Distinguished Speaker Luncheon: Universal Studios' Caryl Lucarelli". Burnett Honors College.
  19. ^ "Daniel Memis". LinkedIn.
  20. ^ "TapuTapu at Universal's Volcano Bay – complete guide".
  21. ^ "70 mph in 2.4 seconds: Universal Orlando reveals new Jurassic World ride". WFLA. September 28, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2022.
  22. ^ "Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure: Universal Orlando Resort's Most Thrilling Coaster Experience Yet". Comcast. 2019-05-20. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  23. ^ "Hagrid's Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure wins 'outstanding achievement' award". Wizarding World. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  24. ^ "Hagrid's casts a spell to capture top roller coaster honors". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  25. ^ Bevil, Dewayne. "Hagrid ride, Horror Nights, SeaWorld, Millennium Falcon are Golden Ticket Award winners". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  26. ^ "'Transformers' roll out in Universal Studios ride". Yahoo. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  27. ^ "Interview with Universal Creative's Mark Woodbury: On Harry Potter, King Kong, and Transformers". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  28. ^ "Transformers: The Ride-3D at Universal Studios Orlando". Orlando Insider Vacations. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  29. ^ a b c "This Amazing Adventure May be One of the Best Rides Ever Built. Here's the Inside Scoop". Theme Park Tourist. 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
  30. ^ a b "Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey". Parkpedia. 2012-02-23. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
  31. ^ "Loews partners with Universal Orlando on two new resorts". Hotel Management. 8 November 2017. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  32. ^ "First Look: The Creative Vision of Universal Studios Beijing". Comcast. 2019-10-14. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  33. ^ "Mythos Restauarant". Universal Studios Florida.
  34. ^ "Universal's The Leaky Cauldron grabs restaurant honors". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  35. ^ "Toothsome Chocolate Emporium is coming to Hollywood". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  36. ^ "Universal Brings Kids Theme Park to Frisco". 2023-01-09. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  37. ^ "Year Round Horror Experience Comes to Las Vegas". 2023-01-11. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
  38. ^ "Universal Studios confirms plans for first UK attraction - and buys huge site in Bedford to build it". Sky News. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
  39. ^ Tapp, Tom (2023-02-16). "Super Nintendo World Confirmed For Universal Orlando Resort, Called "The Worst-Kept Secret In History"". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  40. ^ "Universal Orlando". Universal Orlando Resort. Retrieved 2024-10-17.
  41. ^ "Universal Studios Singapore reveals new details about Illumination's Minion Land". TTG Asia. August 1, 2024. Retrieved August 1, 2024.
  42. ^ Vibal, Leana (April 9, 2024). "Minion Land Opens in Universal Studios Singapore This Year". Spot. Retrieved June 7, 2024.
  43. ^ "Resorts World's Sentosa's Expansion to Lead the Recovery of Singapore's Tourism" (PDF). 18 February 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  44. ^ "Universal Studios Singapore". screamscape.com. Archived from the original on 4 May 2023. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  45. ^ Yeo, Julia (December 19, 2020). "Super Mario creator confirms plans for Super Nintendo World to open in S'pore". Mothership. Retrieved August 2, 2024. The opening of Super Nintendo World Singapore is expected to take place between 2020 to 2025 at the time of announcement.
  46. ^ "Could Universal Be Bringing "Universal Horror Unleashed" To London Prior To Universal Studios Great Britain?". Theme Park Tourist. January 7, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
  47. ^ "Wang Tayi: The first phase of the construction of Universal Beijing Resort has been completed and will be completed soon. Can meet you all" (in Chinese). 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2023-12-16. The first phase of construction has been completed and I will be able to meet you soon. We also have a second phase project, which is ready to be completed and put into operation in 2025
  48. ^ Gupta, Aayush (November 26, 2024). "Universal Kids Resort shoots out of ground in Frisco". WFAA. Retrieved November 27, 2024.
  49. ^ White, Abbey (2023-07-13). "Universal Studios Hollywood to Get New 'Fast & Furious' Coaster". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2023-12-04.
  50. ^ "New 'Fast & Furious' coaster coming to Universal Studios Hollywood". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  51. ^ "Calling all speed demons: Fast & Furious roller coaster coming to Universal Studios". USA Today. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  52. ^ Tapp, Tom (May 3, 2024). "360-Degree Spinning "Fast & Furious: Hollywood Drift" Roller Coaster Set For Universal Studios Hollywood". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  53. ^ "Universal Studios: Bedfordshire residents receive letter about theme park plan". BBC News. 2023-12-24. Retrieved 2024-01-03.
  54. ^ Roffe, Erica; Hutchinson, Paul (December 19, 2023). "Breaking news: Universal Studios confirm they are planning a theme park in Bedford Borough". Bedford Independent. Retrieved December 19, 2023.
  55. ^ "Universal Creative LinkedIn". LinkedIn.
  56. ^ "This Amazing Adventure May be One of the Best Rides Ever Built. Here's the Inside Scoop". Theme Park Tourist. 2017-05-21. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  57. ^ "World Intellectual Property Organization" (PDF). World Intellectual Property Organization.
  58. ^ Hill, Jim (2016-03-15). "Universal Orlando Has the Tech It Takes to Make "Skull Island: Reign of Kong" Trackless". HuffPost. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
  59. ^ "Past Thea Award recipients: 1994-2017". teaconnect.org. Archived from the original on 2015-01-11. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
  60. ^ "Thea Awards Recipients". teaconnect.org. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  61. ^ "Home Page". The Golden Ticket Awards. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
  62. ^ "Legend Awards". The Golden Ticket Awards. 2 February 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-14.
  63. ^ "The Theme Park Insider Awards". Theme Park Insider. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
  64. ^ "IAAPA Brass Ring Awards". IAAPA. Retrieved 2022-02-25.