Weapons of the Cambodian Civil War

The Cambodian Civil War was a military conflict that pitted the guerrilla forces of the Maoist-oriented Communist Party of Kampuchea (nicknamed the Khmer Rouge) and the armed and security forces of the Nonaligned Kingdom of Cambodia from 1967 to 1970, then between the joint Monarchist, Maoist and Marxist-Leninist National United Front of Kampuchea alliance and the pro-western Khmer Republic from 1970 to 1975. Main combatants comprised:

Soviet T-54 or Chinese Type 59 tank used in the Cambodian civil war now on display at the war museum in Siem Reap, Cambodia, 2005.

Khmer National Armed Forces equipment

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Revolvers

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Pistols

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M1911A1 pistol

Submachine guns

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M3 submachine gun

Bolt-action rifles

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M1903 Springfield rifle

Shotguns

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Carbines

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M1 Carbine

Semi-automatic rifles

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M1 Garand

Assault rifles

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M16A1 was the standard Khmer National Armed Forces (FANK) issue assault rifle
 
AK-47 and AKM assault rifles were used extensively in swamp and jungle environments by FANK troops

Light machine guns

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M1918A2 Browning Automatic Rifle

General-purpose machine guns

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Medium and Heavy machine guns

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M2HB heavy machine gun

Grenade systems

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M67 hand grenade

Aircraft bombs

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Land mine systems

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Rocket systems

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Anti-tank rocket launchers

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M72 LAW

Grenade launchers

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M79 grenade launcher
 
M203 grenade launcher

Recoilless rifles

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Mortars

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Brandt Mle 27/31 81 mm mortar
 
M29 81 mm mortar
 
M30 4.2-inch (106.7mm) mortar

Howitzers

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M101 105 mm field howitzer
 
M114 155 mm field howitzer
 
M116 75 mm pack field howitzer

Autocannons

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Air defense guns

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Vehicles

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M8 Greyhound armoured car
 
M113 Armoured Personnel Carrier

Helicopters

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Aircraft

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Helio AU-24A Stallion in storage at Davis-Monthan AFB, July 1972, prior to its delivery to the Khmer Air Force.
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Khmer Rouge forces equipment

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Pistols

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Submachine guns

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PPSh-41 submachine gun

Carbines

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Bolt-action rifles

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Sniper rifles

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Hungarian M/52 sniper rifle with PU 3.5× optics.

Semi-automatic rifles

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Assault rifles

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Light machine guns

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Degtyaryov DP/DPM light machine gun (Chinese Type 53)

General-purpose machine guns

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Medium and heavy machine guns

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SG-43/SGM Goryunov machine gun (Chinese Type 53/57)

Grenade systems

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Land mine systems and booby traps

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Rocket systems

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  • Type 63 107 mm rocket: fired from makeshift rocket launchers made out of cut bamboo branches or from a more sophisticated two-shot launcher on a simple metal tripod.[14][98]

Anti-tank rocket launchers

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Type 69 RPG

Grenade launchers

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Recoilless rifles

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B-10 82 mm recoilless rifle

Mortars

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Howitzers and anti-tank guns

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Type 59-1 130 mm field gun

The Khmer Rouge used a small number of field guns or captured howitzers from government forces.

Air defense guns

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37mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K)
 
Type 59 57 mm anti-aircraft gun
 
57 mm AZP S-60 air defense gun

Vehicles

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River craft

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 5.
  2. ^ a b "Post-WWII use of the MAS-36 rifle: Part II (export users)". wwiiafterwwii.wordpress.com. 2015-08-23. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
  3. ^ Thompson, The M1903 Springfield Rifle (2013), p. 63.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Sutsakhan, The Khmer Republic at War and the Final Collapse (1980), p. 182, Appendix C (Army Item).
  5. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), pp. 5; 33.
  6. ^ Thompson, The M1 Carbine (2011), p. 67.
  7. ^ "Foreign Military Assistance and the U.S. M1 & M2 Carbines".
  8. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 18.
  9. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), pp. 18; 42.
  10. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), pp. 18; 38; 42.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Rottman, The AK-47 Kalashnikov-series assault rifles (2011), p. 78.
  12. ^ a b c d e Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 42.
  13. ^ "Small Arms Survey – Working Papers" (PDF). November 8, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 11, 2006. Retrieved December 23, 2014.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 43.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–195.
  16. ^ a b c d e Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 22.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r SIPRI Arms Transfers Database
  18. ^ Rottman, US Grenade Launchers – M79, M203, and M320 (2017), pp. 72–73.
  19. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 46.
  20. ^ Davis and Greer, Gunships, A Pictorial History of Spooky (1982), pp. 63–64.
  21. ^ a b c Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 263; 268–269.
  22. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 26–27; 29–31; 33.
  23. ^ Zaloga and Laurier, M24 Chaffee Light Tank 1943–85 (2003), p. 22.
  24. ^ Hiestand and Rodríguez, Tanks in the Easter Offensive 1972 – The Vietnam War's great conventional clash (2022), p. 26.
  25. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 13.
  26. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 25; 34; 65.
  27. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–195; 199.
  28. ^ Robinson, Lau and Gibeau, Images of War: The AMX 13 Light Tank, A Complete History – rare photographs from wartime archives (2018), pp. 241–243.
  29. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 15.
  30. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–196.
  31. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 14; 26; 30; 34.
  32. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–197.
  33. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 15.
  34. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–195; 197; 199.
  35. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12.
  36. ^ Dunstan, Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), p. 154.
  37. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 15.
  38. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 15; 26; 29–30.
  39. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–195; 198.
  40. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), p. 25.
  41. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12.
  42. ^ Dunstam, Hadler and Smith, The M113 series (1983), p. 33.
  43. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), pp. 11–12; 38; 64–66.
  44. ^ Foss, Jane's Tank & Combat Vehicle recognition guide (2002), p. 215.
  45. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 193–195; 198; 200.
  46. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), p. 130.
  47. ^ a b c "Annex C Appendix II". US Army Technical Manual of Foreign Military Sales: Battlefield Damage Assessment and Repair (PDF). Washington, D.C. 18 December 1987. p. 262. TM 9-2320-356-BD. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2013.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  48. ^ Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces (1998), p. 25.
  49. ^ a b Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 130; 264.
  50. ^ "Unpunished Purge". 8 October 2016.
  51. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Sutsakhan, The Khmer Republic at War and the Final Collapse (1980), p. 183, Appendix C (Air Force Item).
  52. ^ "World Air Forces 1971 pg. 924-925". Retrieved 2013-03-14.
  53. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970-1975 (2011), pp. 218; 223.
  54. ^ "Military Helicopter Market 1971 pg. 576". Retrieved 2013-04-03.
  55. ^ a b Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 18.
  56. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970-1975 (2011), p. 220.
  57. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970-75 (1989), p. 19.
  58. ^ a b Jan Forsgren, Cambodia: Khmer Air Force History 1970-1975 (Part 2) - http://www.aeroflight.co.uk/waf/aa-eastasia/cambodia/cam-af-history2.htm
  59. ^ Love, Greer and Sewell, A-37/T-37 Dragonfly in action (1991), p. 16.
  60. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970-1975 (2011), p. 214.
  61. ^ Taylor and Munson, Jane's Pocket Book of Major Combat Aircraft (1973), p. 179.
  62. ^ Krivinyi, World Military Aviation (1977), p. 178.
  63. ^ Fitzsimons, The Defenders: A Comprehensive Guide to Warplanes of the USA (1988), p. 137.
  64. ^ Adcock, Greer and Sewell, T-28 Trojan in action (1989), p. 114.
  65. ^ Chinnery, The age of austerity in Vietnam, the air war over south-east Asia (2016), p. 92.
  66. ^ Davis and Greer, Gunships, A Pictorial History of Spooky (1982), pp. 63–64.
  67. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970-1975 (2011), pp. 217–218.
  68. ^ "AU-24A Helio Stallion".
  69. ^ Davis and Greer, Gunships, A Pictorial History of Spooky (1982), pp. 13–14.
  70. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970-75 (1989), pp. 20–21.
  71. ^ a b Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970-1975 (2011), p. 219.
  72. ^ Grandolini, Air Enthusiast 37 (1988), p. 40.
  73. ^ Nalty, Neufeld and Watson, An Illustrated Guide to the Air War over Vietnam (1982), pp. 46–49.
  74. ^ ADF Serials list of Australian military DC-2s/DC-3s/C-47s Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 2010-06-19
  75. ^ Chun, The Last Boarding Party: The USMC and the SS Mayaguez 1975 (2011), pp. 47; 51.
  76. ^ Mersky, Crutch and Holmes, A-7 Corsair II Units 1975-91 (2021), p. 14.
  77. ^ "Aviation Royale Khmere/Khmer Air Force Aircraft".
  78. ^ Beck, "Database: Fairchild C-123 Provider" (2022), p. 123.
  79. ^ Wheeler, Flight International 15 August 1974, p. 171.
  80. ^ Nalty, Neufeld and Watson, An Illustrated Guide to the Air War over Vietnam (1982), pp. 36–37.
  81. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Sutsakhan, The Khmer Republic at War and the Final Collapse (1980), p. 183, Appendix C (Navy Item).
  82. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), p. 243 (table of operational craft).
  83. ^ John Pike. "Cambodia Navy - History". globalsecurity.org.
  84. ^ "Jane's Fighting Ships, 1974–75". Khmer Republic/KOREA. p. 215. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2012.
  85. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), pp. 239; 243 (table of operational craft); 245.
  86. ^ John Pike. "Cambodia Navy - History". globalsecurity.org.
  87. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 33.
  88. ^ Thompson, Soviet Pistols – Tokarev, Makarov, Stechkin and others (2015), p. 74.
  89. ^ Popenker, Maxim (27 October 2010). "Sa. 23". Modern Firearms.
  90. ^ Harriman, The Mosin-Nagant Rifle (2016), pp. 70-72.
  91. ^ a b Katcher and Chappell, Armies of the Vietnam War 1962-1975 (1980), p. 35.
  92. ^ Harriman, The Mosin-Nagant Rifle (2016), p. 55.
  93. ^ McNab, The SVD Dragunov Rifle (2023), pp. 36-37.
  94. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 45.
  95. ^ "Stickgrenade, Type67". Archived from the original on June 23, 2013.
  96. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 7.
  97. ^ Dunham, U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973–1975 (1990), 102–104.
  98. ^ Brian Anderson (2012). "Chinese-Made 107mm Rockets Are the Workhorses of Insurgencies (and Goons)". Motherboard. Archived from the original on 2015-04-08.
  99. ^ Rottman, US Grenade Launchers – M79, M203, and M320 (2017), pp. 72–73.
  100. ^ Shawcross, Sideshow: Kissinger, Nixon and the Destruction of Cambodia (1979), p. 358.
  101. ^ Sutsakhan, The Khmer Republic at War and the Final Collapse (1980), p. 156.
  102. ^ Dunham, U.S. Marines in Vietnam: The Bitter End, 1973–1975 (1990), p. 105.
  103. ^ Davies, UH-1 Huey Gunship vs NVA/VC Forces: Vietnam 1962–75 (2021), p. 28.
  104. ^ Ross, Cambodia, a Country Study (1987), p. 313.
  105. ^ Foss, Jane's Tank & Combat Vehicle recognition guide (2002), p. 72.
  106. ^ Kinnear, Sewell & Aksenov, Soviet T-54 Main Battle Tank (2018), Appendix eight: known customers and users of the T‑54 medium tank, p. 182.
  107. ^ Kinnear, Sewell & Aksenov, Soviet T-55 Main Battle Tank (2019), Appendix six: known client users of the T‑55 medium tank, p. 160.
  108. ^ Dunstam, Hadler and Smith, The M113 series (1983), p. 33.
  109. ^ Conboy, FANK: A History of the Cambodian Armed Forces, 1970–1975 (2011), p. 200.
  110. ^ "Unpunished Purge". 8 October 2016.
  111. ^ Conboy and Bowra, The War in Cambodia 1970–75 (1989), p. 45.

References

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  • Albert Grandolini, Armor of the Vietnam War (2): Asian Forces, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 1998. ISBN 978-962-361-622-5
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