A transborder agglomeration is an urban agglomeration or conurbation that extends into multiple sovereign states and/or dependent territories. It includes city-states that agglomerate with their neighbouring countries.

San Diego–Tijuana is an urban agglomeration across the Mexico–United States border.

List of transborder agglomerations

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Africa

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Main municipalities Countries Total population
Kinshasa–Brazzaville   Democratic Republic of the Congo /  Republic of the Congo 19,547,463
BukavuCyangugu   Democratic Republic of the Congo /   Rwanda 1,200,000[1][2]
GomaGisenyi 756,323
Abidjan–Lagos   Côte d'Ivoire /   Ghana /   Togo /   Benin /   Nigeria 27,000,000
LoméAflao   Togo /   Ghana 1,544,206
N'DjamenaKousséri   Chad /   Cameroon 1,694,819

Asia

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Main municipalities Countries Total population
Astara and Astara   Iran  Azerbaijan 100,000
Khorramshahr and Abadan and Basra   Iran  Iraq 2,000,000
Dhahran and Jubail and Manama   Saudi Arabia  Bahrain 2,000,000
Tashkent and Saryagash   Uzbekistan  Kazakhstan 3,000,000 [3]
Fergana and Kyzyl-Kiya   Uzbekistan  Kyrgyzstan 300,000
Qorasuv and Kara-Suu 40,000
Lahore and Amritsar   Pakistan  India 12,000,000
Heihe and Blagoveshchensk   China  Russia 400,000
Dandong and Sinuiju   China  North Korea 1,000,000
Greater Bay Area (Guangzhou and Dongguan and Shenzhen and Hong KongMacau   China  Hong Kong  Macau 71,200,000
Sijori Growth Triangle (Singapore and Johor Bahru and Batam and Bintan)   Singapore  Malaysia  Indonesia 9,000,000
Padang Besar and Padang Besar   Malaysia  Thailand 20,000
Vientiane and Nong Khai   Laos  Thailand 900,000
Savannakhet and Mukdahan 200,000

Europe

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Main municipalities Countries Total population[citation needed]
Øresund Region (Greater Copenhagen and Malmö)   Denmark  Sweden 3,964,522
Haparanda and Tornio   Sweden  Finland 32,000
Pello and Pello 4,500
Karesuando and Karesuvanto 500
Imatra and Svetogorsk   Finland  Russia 45,000
Ivangorod and Narva   Russia  Estonia 69,000
Valga and Valka   Estonia  Latvia 20,000
Como and Chiasso (part of Greater Milan)[4]   Italy   Switzerland 189,000[5]
Gorizia and Nova Gorica   Italy  Slovenia
Basel and Huningue and Weil am Rhein (Regio TriRhena)    Switzerland  France  Germany 2,400,000
Geneva and Annemasse and Ferney-Voltaire and Nyon (Grand Genève)    Switzerland  France 890,000
Kreuzlingen and Konstanz    Switzerland  Germany 110,000
Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastián   France  Spain 620,000
Le Perthus and Els Límits 700
Bourg-Madame and Puigcerdà
Hendaye and Irun
Lille and Roubaix and Tourcoing and Mouscron and Tournai and Kortrijk   France  Belgium 1,850,000
Longwy and Aubange and Pétange   France  Belgium  Luxembourg 80,000
Strasbourg and Kehl   France  Germany 700,000
Forbach and Saarbrücken 700,000
La Línea de la Concepción and Gibraltar   Spain  Gibraltar 95,628
Baarle-Hertog and Baarle-Nassau   Belgium  Netherlands 9,262
Görlitz and Zgorzelec   Germany  Poland 85,000
Guben and Gubin 35,000
Frankfurt (Oder) and Słubice 75,000
Szczecin 763,321
Herzogenrath and Kerkrade   Germany  Netherlands 95,000
Freilassing and Salzburg   Germany  Austria 175,000
Vienna and Bratislava   Austria  Slovakia 1,900,000
Komárom and Komárno   Hungary  Slovakia 56,000
Rousse and Giurgiu   Bulgaria  Romania 250,000
Lifford and Strabane   Ireland  United Kingdom 18,500
Slavonski Brod and Brod   Croatia  Bosnia and Herzegovina 110,000

North America

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Main municipalities Countries Total population
Paso Canoas   Costa Rica /   Panama 9,543
Metro VancouverFraser ValleyBellingham-Whatcom County   United States /   Canada 3,350,000
Detroit–Windsor 5,976,595
Buffalo-Niagara Region 1,614,790
Port HuronSarniaPoint Edward 105,776
Sault Ste. MarieSault Ste. Marie 93,944
San Diego–Tijuana   United States /   Mexico 5,105,769[6]
Calexico–Mexicali 1,143,000
San Luis Río ColoradoSan Luis 227,000
NogalesNogales 240,000
El Paso–Juárez 2,500,000[7]
Laredo–Nuevo Laredo 775,481[8]
Lower Rio Grande Valley 2,671,028[9]
Reynosa–McAllen 1,500,000[10]
Brownsville–Matamoros 1,387,985[11]

South America

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Main municipalities Countries Total population
Saint-Laurent-du-MaroniAlbina   French Guiana /   Suriname
Saint GeorgesOiapoque   French Guiana /   Brazil 32,000
QuaraíArtigas   Brazil /   Uruguay 67,000
Santana do LivramentoRivera 140,000
ChuíChuy 15,592[12][13]
CorumbáPuerto Suárez   Brazil /   Bolivia 124,000
TabatingaLeticiaSanta Rosa   Brazil /   Colombia /   Peru 107,000
Ponta PorãPedro Juan Caballero   Brazil /   Paraguay 209,000
Foz do IguaçuCiudad del EstePuerto Iguazu   Brazil /   Paraguay /   Argentina 800,000
BarracãoDionísio CerqueiraBernardo de Irigoyen   Brazil /   Argentina 36,000
UruguaianaPaso de los Libres 170,000
TulcánIpiales   Ecuador /    Colombia 190,000
CúcutaSan Antonio del Táchira   Colombia /   Venezuela 700,000 [14]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo Population (2023) - Population Stat". populationstat.com. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Explore Cyangugu Town". Nyungwe Forest National Park. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  3. ^ "Central Asian cities are overgrown with slums". centre1.com. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  4. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.espon.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). www.espon.eu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 12 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "San Diego - Tijuana". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2007-10-01. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  7. ^ "The 411 - Fascinating Facts". Guest Life: El Paso/Juarez and Southern New Mexico. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 17 Feb 2010.
  8. ^ "Nuevo Laredo Metro area". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 9 February 2013. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  9. ^ Gomez, Rodney; Guajardo, Luis; Ely-Ledesma, Edna (June 15, 2022). "It is time to recognize the Rio Grande Valley as a rising borderland metropolis". Rice University: Kinder Institute for Urban Research.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "McAllen Overview". McAllen Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  11. ^ "Explore Matamoros". Brownsville South Padre Island International Airport. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  12. ^ "IBGE Cidades (Brazil's Census 2010)".
  13. ^ "INE (Uruguay's Census 2011)".
  14. ^ http://www.lapatilla.com/site/2016/08/15/cucuta-y-san-antonio-dos-ciudades-unidas-pero-separadas-por-cierre-frontera/ "...que une ambas ciudades formando una conurbación, los 650.000 habitantes de Cúcuta y los 50.000 de San Antonio supieron que comenzaban tiempos difíciles."