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List of largest bank failures in the United States

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This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Since the 1970s, over 90 banks in the United States with US$1 billion or more in assets have failed. The list below is based on assets at the time of failure of banks insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.[1][2]

Bank City State Year Assets at time of failure Ref.
Nominal Inflation-adjusted (2023)
Washington Mutual Seattle Washington 2008 $307 billion $434 billion [3]
First Republic Bank San Francisco California 2023 $229 billion $229 billion [4][5]
Silicon Valley Bank Santa Clara California 2023 $209 billion $209 billion [6]
Signature Bank New York New York 2023 $118 billion $118 billion [7]
Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Chicago Illinois 1984 $40.0 billion $117 billion [3][8]
First Republic Bank Corporation Dallas Texas 1988 $32.5 billion $84 billion [9]
American Savings and Loan Stockton California 1988 $30.2 billion $78 billion
Bank of New England Boston Massachusetts 1991 $21.7 billion $49 billion [9]
IndyMac Pasadena California 2008 $32.0 billion $45 billion [10]
MCorp Dallas Texas 1989 $18.5 billion $45 billion
Gibraltar Savings and Loan Simi Valley California 1989 $15.1 billion $37 billion
Colonial Bank Montgomery Alabama 2009 $25.0 billion $36 billion [11]
First City National Bank Houston Texas 1988 $13.0 billion $33 billion
HomeFed Bank San Diego California 1992 $12.2 billion $26 billion
FBOP Corp banking subsidiaries Oak Park Illinois 2009 $18.4 billion $26 billion
Southeast Bank Miami Florida 1991 $10.5 billion $23 billion
City Federal Savings and Loan Elizabeth New Jersey 1989 $9.8 billion $24 billion
Goldome Buffalo New York 1991 $9.9 billion $22 billion
Imperial Federal Savings Assoc. San Diego California 1990 $9.6 billion $22 billion
Franklin National Bank New York New York 1974 $3.7 billion $23 billion
Great American Bank San Diego California 1991 $9.5 billion $21 billion
CenTrust Bank Miami Florida 1990 $8.2 billion $19 billion
Empire of America Savings Buffalo New York 1990 $8.2 billion $19 billion
Guaranty Bank Austin Texas 2009 $13.0 billion $18 billion [12]
Downey Savings and Loan Newport Beach California 2008 $12.8 billion $18 billion [5]
BankUnited FSB Coral Gables Florida 2009 $12.8 billion $18 billion [12]
AmTrust Bank Cleveland Ohio 2009 $12.0 billion $17 billion [5]
WesternBank Mayagüez Puerto Rico 2010 $11.9 billion $17 billion
Gibraltar Savings Association Houston Texas 1988 $6.5 billion $17 billion
United Commercial Bank San Francisco California 2009 $11.2 billion $16 billion
Crossland Savings Bank Brooklyn New York 1992 $7.4 billion $16 billion
The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co. Hartford Connecticut 1991 $7.2 billion $16 billion
MeraBank Phoenix Arizona 1990 $6.3 billion $15 billion
Sunbelt Savings Irving Texas 1991 $6.0 billion $13 billion
Western Savings and Loan Phoenix Arizona 1989 $5.7 billion $14 billion
Columbia Savings & Loan Assn. Beverly Hills California 1991 $5.4 billion $12 billion
Lincoln Savings and Loan Association Irvine California 1989 $4.9 billion $12 billion
California National Bank Los Angeles California 2009 $7.8 billion $11.1 billion
Corus Bank Chicago Illinois 2009 $7.0 billion $9.9 billion [12]
United States National Bank San Diego California 1973 $1.3 billion $8.9 billion [13]
First Federal Bank of California Santa Monica California 2009 $6.1 billion $8.7 billion
R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico Hato Rey Puerto Rico 2010 $5.9 billion $8.2 billion
Doral Bank San Juan Puerto Rico 2015 $5.9 billion $7.6 billion [14]
Franklin Bank Houston Texas 2008 $5.1 billion $7.2 billion
Silverton Bank Atlanta Georgia 2009 $4.1 billion $5.8 billion
Imperial Capital Bank La Jolla California 2009 $4.0 billion $5.7 billion
PFF Bank & Trust Pomona California 2008 $3.7 billion $5.2 billion
La Jolla Bank La Jolla California 2010 $3.6 billion $5 billion
Frontier Bank Everett Washington 2010 $3.5 billion $4.9 billion
First National Bank of Nevada Reno Nevada 2008 $3.4 billion $4.8 billion
Amcore Bank Rockford Illinois 2010 $3.4 billion $4.8 billion
Riverside National Bank of Florida Fort Pierce Florida 2010 $3.4 billion $4.8 billion
Midwest Bank and Trust Company Elmwood Park Illinois 2010 $3.2 billion $4.5 billion
First National Bank, also operating as The National Bank of El Paso Edinburg Texas 2013 $3.1 billion $4.1 billion [15]
Superior Bank Birmingham Alabama 2011 $3.0 billion $4.1 billion [16]
TierOne Bank Lincoln Nebraska 2010 $2.8 billion $3.9 billion
Irwin Union Bank and Trust Company Columbus Indiana 2009 $2.7 billion $3.8 billion
Orion Bank Naples Florida 2009 $2.7 billion $3.8 billion
EuroBank San Juan Puerto Rico 2010 $2.6 billion $3.6 billion
First Community Bank Taos New Mexico 2011 $2.3 billion $3.1 billion
Integra Bank, N.A. Evansville Indiana 2011 $2.2 billion $3 billion
ANB Financial Bentonville Arkansas 2008 $2.1 billion $3 billion
First Regional Bank Los Angeles California 2010 $2.1 billion $2.9 billion
ShoreBank Chicago Illinois 2010 $2.1 billion $2.9 billion
Silver State Bank Henderson Nevada 2008 $2.0 billion $2.8 billion
New Frontier Bank Greeley Colorado 2009 $2.0 billion $2.8 billion
Georgian Bank Atlanta Georgia 2009 $2.0 billion $2.8 billion
Vineyard Bank Rancho Cucamonga California 2009 $1.9 billion $2.7 billion
Peoples First Community Bank Panama City Florida 2009 $1.8 billion $2.6 billion
County Bank Merced California 2009 $1.7 billion $2.4 billion
Hillcrest Bank Overland Park Kansas 2010 $1.6 billion $2.2 billion
Advanta Bank Corp. Draper Utah 2010 $1.6 billion $2.2 billion
CF Bancorp Port Huron Michigan 2010 $1.6 billion $2.2 billion
Mutual Bank Harvey Illinois 2009 $1.6 billion $2.3 billion
Hamilton Bank Miami Florida 2002 $1.3 billion $2.2 billion
Community Bank of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada 2009 $1.5 billion $2.1 billion
First Bank of Beverly Hills Calabasas California 2009 $1.5 billion $2.1 billion
Temecula Valley Bank Temecula California 2009 $1.5 billion $2.1 billion
New South Federal Savings Bank Irondale Alabama 2009 $1.5 billion $2.1 billion
Community Banks of Colorado Greenwood Village Colorado 2011 $1.4 billion $1.9 billion
Horizon Bank Bellingham Washington 2010 $1.3 billion $1.8 billion
Premier Bank Jefferson City Missouri 2010 $1.2 billion $1.7 billion
Broadway Bank Chicago Illinois 2010 $1.2 billion $1.7 billion
Security Bank of Bibb County Macon Georgia 2009 $1.2 billion $1.7 billion
Charter Bank Santa Fe New Mexico 2010 $1.2 billion $1.7 billion
Alliance Bank Culver City California 2009 $1.1 billion $1.6 billion
City Bank Lynnwood Washington 2010 $1.1 billion $1.5 billion
Columbia River Bank The Dalles Oregon 2010 $1.1 billion $1.5 billion
Community Bank and Trust Cornelia Georgia 2010 $1.1 billion $1.5 billion
Integrity Bank Alpharetta Georgia 2008 $1.1 billion $1.6 billion
Affinity Bank Ventura California 2009 $1.0 billion $1.4 billion
Appalachian Community Bank Ellijay Georgia 2010 $1.0 billion $1.4 billion

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Palumbo, Angela; Vanjani, Karishma; English, Carleton (March 9, 2023). "Silicon Valley Bank Shut Down, Biggest Bank to Fail Since Financial Crisis". Barron's. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  2. ^ "Status of Washington Mutual Bank Receivership". FDIC. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  3. ^ a b Comlay, Elinor; Stempel, Jonathan (September 25, 2009). "WaMu is largest U.S. bank failure". Reuters.
  4. ^ "JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, Columbus, Ohio Assumes All the Deposits of First Republic Bank, San Francisco, California". FDIC. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
  5. ^ a b c Brooks, Khristopher J.; Dakss, Brian (May 1, 2023). "Troubled First Republic Bank seized and sold to JPMorgan Chase". CBS MoneyWatch.
  6. ^ Flitter, Emily; Copeland, Rob (March 10, 2023). "Silicon Valley Bank Fails After Run on Deposits". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  7. ^ "Joint Statement by Treasury, Federal Reserve, and FDIC". The Federal Reserve Board. March 2023.
  8. ^ Haltom, Renee (May 1984). "Failure of Continental Illinois". Federal Reserve History.
  9. ^ a b "Ending "Too Big to Fail"". Federal Reserve. March 4, 2013.
  10. ^ Russell, Karl; Zhang, Christine (March 11, 2023). "The Second-Biggest Bank Failure". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  11. ^ "Colonial Bank dissolved, marking 2009's biggest bank failure". France 24. August 15, 2009.
  12. ^ a b c Sherter, Alain (September 12, 2009). "Corus Seized in Fourth-Largest Bank Failure This Year". CBS MoneyWatch.
  13. ^ Wright, Robert (October 22, 1973). "Dubious Loans Led To Bank's Collapse". The New York Times. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  14. ^ Kuriloff, Aaron (February 28, 2015). "Doral Bank Fails After Years of Tumult". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  15. ^ Danner, Patrick (September 13, 2013). "Edinburg bank is closed by the feds and sold". My San Antonio. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
  16. ^ Amy, Jeff (April 16, 2011). "Superior and Nexity banks seized by regulators". Al.com. Retrieved April 8, 2023.
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