List of alcoholic drinks

This is a list of alcoholic drinks. An alcoholic drink is a drink that contains ethanol, commonly known as alcohol. Alcoholic drinks are divided into three general classes: beers, wines, and distilled beverages. They are legally consumed in most countries, and over one hundred countries have laws regulating their production, sale, and consumption.^[1] In particular, such laws specify the minimum age at which a person may legally buy or drink them. This minimum age varies between 15 and 21 years, depending upon the country and the type of drink. Most nations set it at 18 years of age.^[1]

Drinks by raw material

The names of some alcoholic drinks are determined by their raw material.

Grains	Name of fermented beverage	Name of distilled beverage
Barley	beer, barley wine	gin, Scotch whisky, Irish whiskey, jenever (Central Europe), ginebra (Spain, Argentina, Philippines), shōchū (mugijōchū) (Japan), soju (Korea), baijiu (China)
Buckwheat		buckwheat whisky (Brittany), shōchū (sobajōchū) (Japan)
Corn	chicha, corn beer, tesguino	bourbon whiskey, moonshine, also vodka (rare)
Millet	millet beer (Sub-Saharan Africa), tongba (Nepal), boza (the Balkans, Turkey)
Rice	beer, brem (Indonesia), ruou gao (Vietnam), tuak (Borneo Island), sato (Thailand), huangjiu and choujiu (China), sake (Japan), makgeolli and cheongju (Korea), sonti, handia, and chuak (India), thwon (Newari), Jaad (Nepal)	aila (Newari), Raksi (Nepal), rice baijiu (China), shōchū (komejōchū) and awamori (Japan), soju (Korea), hkaung rai (Myanmar), arrack (Indonesia), lao khao (Thailand)
Rye	rye beer, kvass	rye whiskey, vodka (Russia), korn (Germany)
Sorghum	burukutu (Nigeria), pito (Ghana), merisa (southern Sudan), bilibili (Chad, Central African Republic, Cameroon)	Maotai, Kaoliang liquor, certain other types of baijiu (China).
Wheat	wheat beer	horilka (Ukraine), vodka, wheat whiskey, weizenkorn (Germany), soju (Korea)
Fruit juice	Name of fermented beverage	Name of distilled beverage
Apples	cider (U.S.: "hard cider"), apfelwein	jabukovača (Serbia), applejack (or apple brandy), calvados, cider
Apricots		kajsijevača (Serbia), kaisieva rakia (Bulgaria), pálinka (Hungary)
Bananas or plantains	chuoi hot (Vietnam), cauim (Kuna Indians of Panama), urgwagwa (Uganda, Rwanda), mbege (with millet malt; Tanzania), kasikisi (with sorghum malt; Democratic Republic of the Congo)	majmunovača (Balkans)
Blueberries		borovnica (Croatia)
Cashews		feni (India)
Cherries	cherry wine (Denmark)	Kirsch (Germany, Switzerland)
Coconuts or palm	palm wine	arrack, lambanog (Sri Lanka, India, Philippines)
Gouqi	gouqi jiu (China)	gouqi jiu (China)
Ginger with sugar, ginger with raisins	ginger ale, ginger beer, ginger wine
Grapes	wine, Cachina (Perú)	brandy, cognac (France), vermouth, armagnac (France), branntwein (Germany), pisco (Peru), rakija (The Balkans, Turkey), singani (Bolivia), arak (Syria, Lebanon, Jordan), törkölypálinka (Hungary), zivania (Cyprus)
Juniper berries		gin, jenever (Netherlands/Belgium), borovička (Slovakia)
Mulberries		oghi (Armenia)
Myrica rubra	yangmei jiu (China)	yangmei jiu (China)
Pears	perry, or pear cider; poiré (France)	kruškovac (Croatia), viljamovka (Serbia), Poire Williams, pear brandy, eau-de-vie (France), pálinka (Hungary), krushova rakia / krushevitsa (Bulgaria)
Pineapples	tepache (Mexico), Pineapple Wine (Hawaii)
Plums	plum wine, plum jerkum	šljivovica (Balkans and Central Europe), slivovitz, țuică, umeshu (Japan), pálinka, slivova rakia / slivovitsa (Bulgaria)
Pomace	pomace wine	raki/ouzo/pastis/sambuca (Turkey/Greece/France/Italy), tsipouro/tsikoudia (Greece), grappa (Italy/Argentina/Uruguay), trester (Germany), marc (France), orujo (Spain), zivania (Cyprus), bagaço (Portugal), tescovină (Romania), arak (Iran)
Pomegranates	pomegranate wine (Armenia)
Quinces		dunjevača (Serbia)
Raspberries	raspberry wine^[2] (US, Canada)	Himbeergeist (Germany, Switzerland)
Sausage tree fruit	muratina wine^[3] (Kenya)
Flowers	Name of fermented beverage	Name of distilled beverage
Madhuca longifolia	mahudo and mahuda no daru (Gujarat), mahuva ki sharaab, madhvi, and tharra (Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh)
Vegetables	Name of fermented beverage	Name of distilled beverage
Agave juice		tequila, mezcal, raicilla, bacanora
Agave sap	pulque
Cassava	Saliva-fermented beverages: cauim chicha: Throughout the Amazon Basin, including the interiors of Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, chicha is made most often with cassava; in Peruvian Amazonia chichia is known as masato. kasiri (Sub-Saharan Africa) nihamanchi (South America), also known as nijimanche (Ecuador and Peru) parakari (Guyana) sakurá (Brazil, Surinam)	tiquira (Brazil)
Ginger root juice	ginger beer (Botswana)
Potato	potato beer	horilka (Ukraine), vodka (Poland), Kartoffelschnaps (Germany), akvavit (Scandinavia), poitín (poteen) (Ireland), tuzemák (Czech Republic), brennivín (Iceland)
Sugarcane juice, or molasses	basi, betsa-betsa (regional)	rum (Caribbean), rhum agricole (Haiti, Martinique, Guadeloupe and the rest of the French Caribbean), clairin (Haiti), cachaça (Brazil), desi daru (India), aguardiente de caña (Spain), aguardiente, guaro, lavagallo, pinga (Venezuela, Colombia, Nicaragua), mamajuana (Dominican Republic), gongo and konyagi (Tanzania), cocoroco (Bolivia), caña (Argentina, Uruguay), espinillar (Uruguay), caña blanca (Paraguay), ginebra (Philippines)
Sweet potato		shōchū (imojōchū) (Japan), soju (Korea)
Ti root		okolehao (Hawai'i)
Other raw materials	Name of fermented beverage	Name of distilled beverage
Sap of palm	coyol wine (Central America), tembo (Sub-Saharan Africa), toddy (Indian subcontinent), namtanmao (Thailand)
Sap of Arenga pinnata, coconut, Borassus flabellifer	palm wine, tubâ (Philippines), namtanmao (Thailand)	arrack, lambanog (Philippines)
Honey	mead, horilka (Ukraine), sima (Finland), tej (Ethiopia)	medica (Croatia), distilled mead, honey-flavored liqueur
Milk	kumis, kefir, blaand	arkhi (Mongolia)
Sugar	kilju (Finland)	shōchū (kokutō shōchū): made from brown sugar (Japan) or rum
Walnuts		orahovac (Croatia, Serbia)

Alcoholic fermented drinks

Founders Old Curmudgeon old ale

A hard cider produced in Michigan, U.S.

Palm wine is collected, fermented and stored in calabashes in Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Desi daru from India

Beer
- Ale
  - Barleywine
  - Bitter ale
  - Brown ale
  - Cask ale
  - Mild ale
  - Old ale
  - Pale ale
    - Scotch ale
  - Porter (dark beer made from brown malt)
    - Stout (strong Porter)
  - Stock ale
- Fruit beer
- Lager
  - Pale lager (also "dry beer", made with a slow acting yeast that ferments at a low temperature while being stored)
    - Bock (strong lager)
    - Maerzen/Oktoberfest Beer
    - Pilsener (lighter lager brewed with partially malted barley)
  - Schwarzbier (dark lager)
- Sahti (Finnish)
- Small beer (very low alcohol)
- Wheat beer (or "Hefeweizen", made with wheat in addition to malted barley)
  - Witbier ("White Beer", made with herbs or fruit instead of or in addition to hops)
Cauim (made from cassava or maize)
Cheongju (Korean, made from rice)
Chicha (made from cassava, maize root, grape, apple or other fruits)
Cider (made from apple juice or other fruit juice)
- Perry (made from pears)
- Plum jerkum (made from plums)
Desi daru (made by fermenting molasses or high sugar containing fruits)
- Kilju (Finnish)
Huangjiu (made from rice, millet, or wheat using a special starter culture of yeast, mold, and bacteria)
Icariine liquor
Kasiri (made from cassava)
Kumis (Central Asia, traditionally made from horse milk but now primarily cow milk)
Makgeolli (Korean, made from rice)
Mead (made from honey)
Nihamanchi (South America), also known as nijimanche (Ecuador and Peru) (made from cassava)
Palm wine (made from the sap of various palm trees)
Parakari (made from cassava)
Pulque (originally made by the natives of Mexico, made from the sap of the maguey plant)
Sake (made from (polished) rice)
Sakurá (made from cassava)
Sato
Sonti
Tapuy (Philippines, made from glutinous rice)
Tepache
Tiswin (made from corn or saguaro, a large cactus)
Tonto
Wine
- Coca wine
- Fortified wine
  - Port
  - Madeira
  - Marsala
  - Sherry
  - Vermouth
  - Vinsanto
- Fruit wine
- Table wine
- Sangria
- Sparkling wine
  - Champagne

Distilled beverages

A reservoir glass filled with a naturally colored verte absinthe, next to an absinthe spoon

Various views of a bottle of mezcal. The "worm", which is actually the larval form of the moth Hypopta agavis that lives on the agave plant, can be seen in the middle image, at the bottom of the bottle.

Various bottles and containers of Russian vodka

Definition

A distilled beverage, spirit drink, or liquor is an alcoholic drink containing ethanol that is produced by distillation (i.e., concentrating by distillation) of ethanol produced by means of fermenting grains, fruits, botanicals, vegetables, seeds, or roots.^[4] Vodka, gin, baijiu, shōchū, soju, tequila, rum, whisky, brandy, and singani are examples of distilled drinks. Beer, wine, cider, sake, and huangjiu are examples of fermented drinks.

The term hard liquor distinguishes distilled drinks from undistilled ones.

List of liquors

The following are liquors being produced around the world (by type, then alphabetically):

Cane sugar, sugar beet and honey distillations

Arrack
Cachaça
Horilka
Rum
- Puncheon rum
Rhum agricole (from French Caribbean islands)

Fruit distillations

Apple distillations
- Applejack
Fruit brandy distillations
- Pálenka - Slivovice, Hruškovice, Bezovice,....
- Borovička - Juniper
- Calvados
- Lambig
- Eau-de-vie (French origin)
- Kirsch
- Rakia
- Schnapps - fruit brandy
- Medronho
Date distillations
- Aragh Sagi
Grape distillations
- Brandy
  - Armagnac
  - Cognac
  - Metaxa
  - Törkölypálinka
  - Singani
- Pisco (Peru; Chile)
Pear distillations
- Poire Williams
  - Williamine - brand of Poire Williams made from Williamine pears
Plum distillations
Raspberry distillations
- Chambord
- Himbeergeist

Grain-based distillations

Barley distillations
- Gin
- ManX Spirit (United kingdom)
- London dry gin
- Whisky
  - Irish whiskey
  - Japanese whisky
  - Scotch whisky, also known as Scottish whiskey, scotch
maize-corn distillations
- American Whiskey
  - Bourbon whiskey, also known as Kentucky whiskey, bourbon (United States)
  - Tennessee whiskey
  - Texas whiskey
- Canadian whisky
Quinoa distillations
- American whiskey
Oat distillations
- Whiskey
  - American Whiskey
Malt distillations
- Jenever
- Gin
  - Damson gin
  - Sloe gin (England)
Rice distillations
- Awamori (Japan)
- Soju (Korea)
- Mirin (Japan)
- Shōchū (Japan)
- Baijiu (China)
Rye distillations
- Horilka
- Rye Whiskey
Sorghum distillations
- Baijiu, also known as Shaojiu (China)
  - Maotai
  - Kaoliang liquor, a sorghum liquor
Wheat distillations
- Horilka
- Vodka
Unspecified or multiple grain distillations
- Neutral grain spirit

Herbal distillations

Plant-based distillations

Agave distillations
- Mezcal
- Tequila

Seed or botanical distillations

Where the seed or botanical is the dominant flavorant:

Anise distillations
- Absinthe
- Akvavit
- Arak
- Rakı
Coconut flower distillations
- Arrack
Gin
Geist

Tree distillations

Palm tree distillations
- Ogogoro (Nigeria)
Birch tree distillations
- Freya Birch Spirit (Norway)

Vegetable distillations

Potato distillations
- Horilka
- Vodka

Complex or multiple distillations

Liqueur

References

^ ^a ^b "Minimum Legal Age Limits". Iard.org. International Alliance for Responsible Drinking. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
^ "winemaking: Red Raspberry Wine". Winemaking.jackkeller.net. Retrieved 5 February 2019.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ "muratina: A Kenyan alcoholic drink made from the dried fruit of sausage tree (Kigelia africana)". Retrieved 18 April 2021.
^ "Distilled spirit - alcoholic beverage". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 February 2019.

[IARD-1] "Minimum Legal Age Limits". Iard.org. International Alliance for Responsible Drinking. Archived from the original on 4 May 2016. Retrieved 23 June 2016.

[2] "winemaking: Red Raspberry Wine". Winemaking.jackkeller.net. Retrieved 5 February 2019.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[3] "muratina: A Kenyan alcoholic drink made from the dried fruit of sausage tree (Kigelia africana)". Retrieved 18 April 2021.

[4] "Distilled spirit - alcoholic beverage". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 5 February 2019.

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