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List of Category 3 South Pacific severe tropical cyclones

(Redirected from List of Category 3 South Pacific tropical cyclones)

Category 3 the third-highest classification on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale is used to classify tropical cyclones, that have 10-minute sustained winds of 64–85 knots (119–157 km/h; 74–98 mph). As of 2019 79 tropical cyclones have peaked as Category 3 severe tropical cyclones in the South Pacific tropical cyclone basin, which is denoted as the part of the Pacific Ocean to the south of the equator and to the east of 160°E. The earliest tropical cyclone to be classified as a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone was Dolly which was classified as a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone . The latest was Ana as it moved south-eastwards away from the Fijian Islands. This list does include any tropical cyclones that went on to peak as a Category 4 or 5 severe tropical cyclone, while in the Southern Pacific tropical cyclone basin.

Cyclone Cody

Background

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The South Pacific tropical cyclone basin is located to the south of the Equator between 160°E and 120°W.[1] The basin is officially monitored by the Fiji Meteorological Service and the New Zealand MetService, while other meteorological services such as the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Météo-France as well as the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center also monitor the basin.[1] Within the basin a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 64–85 knots (119–157 km/h; 74–98 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.[1][2] A named storm could also be classified as a Category 3 tropical cyclone if it is estimated, to have 1-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of between 96–112 knots (178–207 km/h; 110–129 mph) on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale.[1][3] This scale is only officially used in American Samoa, however, various agencies including NASA also use it to compare tropical cyclones.[1] A Category 3 tropical cyclone is expected to cause catastrophic devastation, if it significantly impacts land at or near its peak intensity.[2][3]

Systems

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Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Dolly February 22–23, 1970 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [4]
Emma March 2–4, 1970 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [5]
Ursula December 2–16, 1971 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [6]
Carlotta January 14–21, 1972 155 km/h (100 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia 4 [7]
Wendy February 1–7, 1972 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia 4 [8]
Yolande March 20–21, 1972 120 km/h (75 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia [9]
Agatha March 27–29, 1972 120 km/h (75 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Cook Islands [10]
Gail April 15, 1972 120 km/h (75 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) [11]
Ida June 3, 1972 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Solomon Islands, New Caledonia [12]
Bebe October 21–24, 1972 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Fiji, Tuvalu $20 million 24 [13][14][15]
Lottie –
Natalie		 December 9–10, 1973 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Fiji, Tonga Moderate 80 [16][17][18]
Alison March 5–9, 1975 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand $1 million [19][17][20]
Robert April 20–21, 1977 130 km/h (80 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) French Polynesia [21]
Bob February 4–6, 1978 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand Moderate 1 [22]
Charles February 18–20, 1978 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Samoan Islands [23]
Gordon January 6–7, 1979 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Australia, Vanuatu, New Caledonia Severe [24]
Meli March 26–29, 1979 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Fiji Severe 53 [25]
Peni January 3, 1980 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Fiji [26]
Sina March 13, 1980 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) New Caledonia, New Zealand [27]
Arthur January 13–15, 1981 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [28]
Cliff February 11–13, 1981 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [29]
Freda March 4–7, 1981 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [30]
Tahmar March 11–12, 1981 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) French Polynesia [31]
Hettie January 28–30, 1982 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [32]
Mark January 25–27, 1983 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Fiji [33]
Nano January 25–26, 1983 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) French Polynesia [34]
William April 19–22, 1983 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) French Polynesia 1 [35]
Beti February 3, 1984 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) New Caledonia [36]
Eric January 16–18, 1985 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji [37]
Nigel January 17–19, 1985 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji [38]
Freda January 27–29, 1985 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [39]
Martin April 12, 1986 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [40]
Namu May 16–22, 1986 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Solomon Islands $10 million 111 [41]
Raja December 27–31, 1986 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Wallis and Futuna, Fiji $14 million 2 [42][43]
Sally December 28, 1986 –
January 3, 1987		 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia $24.6 million [44][45]
Tusi January 17–21, 1987 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) American Samoa $24 million [46][47]
Wini March 3–6, 1987 120 km/h (75 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Samoan Islands Extensive None [48]
Yali March 9, 1987 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia [49]
Cilla March 1, 1987 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [50]
Hinano February 24–26, 1989 150 km/h (90 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) French Polynesia [51]
Ivy February 26–28, 1989 155 km/h (100 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) New Caledonia, Vanuatu [52]
Judy February 26, 1989 150 km/h (90 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [53]
Lili April 8–10, 1989 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) New Caledonia [54]
Peni February 15–17, 1990 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Cook Islands [55]
Sina November 26–28, 1990 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Fiji, Tonga $18.5 million [56][57]
Tia November 13–21, 1991 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu Unknown None [58][59]
Daman February 11–19, 1992 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Tokelau, Fiji
Vanuatu, New Zealand		 [60]
Kina December 29, 1992 –
January 4, 1993		 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Fiji, Tonga $110 million 26 [61]
Lin February 1–3, 1993 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [62]
Polly February 27 – March 9, 1993 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Solomon Islands, New Caledonia
New Zealand		 [63]
Rewa January 4–5, 1994 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [64]
Tomas March 24–26, 1994 155 km/h (100 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [65]
Fergus March 24–26, 1994 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [66]
Evan March 24–26, 1994 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [67]
Hina March 17–18, 1997 120 km/h (75 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Fiji, Tonga, Tuvalu
Wallis and Futuna		 $15.2 million [68][69]
Keli June 11–13, 1997 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Tuvulu, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna $10,000 [70][71]
Martin November 1–4, 1997 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia $17.6 million 28 [72][73][74]
[75]
Osea November 24–28, 1997 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Cook Islands, French Polynesia [76]
Katrina January 8–11, 1998 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Queensland [77]
Yali March 21–25, 1998 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [78]
Zuman March 31 – April 3, 1998 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [79]
Cora December 25–28, 1998 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Tonga $12 million [80]
Frank February 18–21, 1999 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) [81]
Hali March 16, 1999 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [82]
Iris January 26, 2000 150 km/h (90 mph) 964 hPa (28.47 inHg) [83]
Jo January 26, 2000 120 km/h (75 mph) 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) [84]
Mona March 9–11, 2000 120 km/h (75 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [85]
Claudia February 12, 2002 120 km/h (75 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [86]
Ami January 9–15, 2003 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Fiji, Tonga, Tuvalu $65 million 14 [87]
Gina June 4–9, 2003 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Solomon Islands [88]
Kerry January 8, 2005 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) [89]
Jim January 29–31, 2006 155 km/h (100 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [90]
Vaianu February 13–22, 2006 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) [91]
Wati November 23–25, 2006 155 km/h (100 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) [92]
Yani November 23–24, 2006 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) [93]
Gene January 30 – February 2, 2008 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Fiji $35 million 8 [94][95]
Pat February 6–11, 2010 140 km/h (85 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Cook Islands $13.7 million [96][97]
Rene February 9–17, 2010 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Samoan islands, Tonga $18 million None [98]
Yasi January 31, 2011 150 km/h (90 mph) 963 hPa (28.44 inHg) Tuvalu, Fiji, Solomon Islands
Vanuatu, Queensland		 Minor 1 [99]
Bune March 22–29, 2011 130 km/h (80 mph) 967 hPa (28.56 inHg) Fiji None None [100]
Garry January 24–26, 2013 150 km/h (90 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Tokelau, Wallis and Futuna
Samoan Islands, Cook Islands		 Minor None [101][102]
Lusi March 12–13, 2014 150 km/h (90 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Fiji, New Caledonia
New Zealand, Vanuatu		 $3 million 10 [103][104]
Ola February 1, 2015 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) New Caledonia None None [105]
Victor January 14–22, 2016 150 km/h (90 mph) 958 hPa (28.29 inHg) Northern Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga None None [106]
Zena April 5–7, 2016 130 km/h (80 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu
Fiji, Tonga		 Minimal 2 [107][108]
Amos April 22–23, 2016 150 km/h (90 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, Samoan Islands Minimal None [109]
Cook April 9–10, 2017 155 km/h (100 mph) 961 hPa (28.38 inHg) Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand Moderate 1 [110][111]
Keni April 9–11, 2018 155 km/h (100 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji, Tonga $5 million None [112]
Oma February 11 – 22, 2019 130 km/h (80 mph) 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia $50 million 0

2020's

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Name Duration Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Wind speed Pressure
Tino January 17 – 18, 2020 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Fiji, Niue, Solomon Islands, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu Unknown Unknown [113][citation needed]
Uesi February 4 – 13, 2020 130 km/h (80 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, New Zealand Unknown Unknown [114][citation needed]
Ana January 26 – February 3, 2021 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) Vanuatu, Fiji Unknown Unknown [citation needed]
Cody January 5 – 13, 2022 130 km/h (80 mph) 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) Fiji Unknown 1 [citation needed]
Gabrielle 5 – 11 February 2023 150 km/h (90 mph) 959 hPa (28.32 inHg) Solomon Islands, Norfolk Island, New Zealand [115]
Mal 10 – 15 November 2023 130 km/h (80 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) Fiji Unknown None

Other systems

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In addition to the systems listed above, Severe Tropical Cyclone's Bebe, Gyan, Abigail, Nisha-Orama, Oscar, Tomasi, Veena, Uma, Bola, Wasa-Arthur, Joni, Sarah, Beti, Kim, Paula, Waka, Eseta, Ivy, Daman, Funa, Freda and Hola were all considered to have 1-minute sustained wind speeds equivalent to a Category 3 hurricane on the SSHWS by the JTWC.

Operationally, the BoM considered Severe Tropical Cyclone Dovi to have peaked with 10-minute sustained wind-speeds of 155 km/h (100 mph) which made it a Category 3 severe tropical cyclone.[116] However, New Zealand's MetService estimated that Dovi had peaked with 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 175 km/h (110 mph) which made it a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone.

Impacts

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Notes

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (2024). Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2024 (PDF) (Report). World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved October 14, 2024.
  2. ^ a b 2017/2018 Tropical Cyclone Season Summary of Alerts and Warnings Procedures for Fiji (PDF) (Report). Fiji Meteorological Service. October 23, 2017. pp. 3 & 11. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 13, 2018.
  3. ^ a b Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher; Hafele, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thrum, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (January 2, 2019). The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
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  74. ^ "Coroner confirms Cyclone Martin Victims". Cook Islands Government. June 20, 2007. Archived from the original on August 24, 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
  75. ^ Project completion report on the cyclone emergency rehabilitation project (Loan 1588-COO[SF]) in the Cook Islands (PDF) (Report). Asian Development Bank. November 29, 2000. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 31, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
  76. ^ "1998 Tropical Cyclone Osea (1997326S09203)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  77. ^ "1998 Tropical Cyclone Katrina (1998002S14151)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  78. ^ "1998 Tropical Cyclone Yali (1998076S11170)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  79. ^ "1998 Tropical Cyclone Zuman (1998087S15172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  80. ^ "1998 Tropical Cyclone Cora (1998087S15172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  81. ^ "1999 Tropical Cyclone Frank (1999048S21152)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  82. ^ "1999 Tropical Cyclone Hali (1999070S19206)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  83. ^ "2000 Tropical Cyclone Iris (2000006S15164)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  84. ^ "2000 Tropical Cyclone Jo (2000023S15172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  85. ^ "2000 Tropical Cyclone Mona (2000067S15189)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  86. ^ "2002 Tropical Cyclone Claudia (2002042S20156)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  87. ^ "2003 Tropical Cyclone Ami (2003011S09182)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  88. ^ "2003 Tropical Cyclone Gina (2003155S10172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  89. ^ "2005 Severe Tropical Cyclone Kerry (2005003S09177)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  90. ^ "2006 Tropical Cyclone Jim (2006025S18147)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  91. ^ "2006 Tropical Cyclone Vaianu (2006040S15181)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  92. ^ "2006 Tropical Cyclone Wati (2006075S14185)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  93. ^ "2006 Tropical Cyclone Yani (2006322S09172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  94. ^ "2008 Tropical Cyclone Gene (2008026S12179)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  95. ^ Fiji National Disaster Management Council (July 2, 2008). Tropical Cyclone Gene (National Task Force Report). Fiji Government. Retrieved January 17, 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  96. ^ "2010 Tropical Cyclone Pat (2010038S08194)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  97. ^ Cyclone Pat Recovery and Reconstruction Plan 2010–2011 (PDF). Government of the Cook Islands (Report). ReliefWeb. March 4, 2010. Retrieved April 25, 2015.
  98. ^ "2010 Tropical Cyclone Rene (2010040S11185)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  99. ^ "2011 Tropical Cyclone Yasi (2011028S13180)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  100. ^ "2011 Tropical Cyclone Bune (2011082S17184)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  101. ^ "2013 Tropical Cyclone Garry (2018096S15172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
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  103. ^ "2014 Tropical Cyclone Lusi (2014068S16169)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  104. ^ At least three dead as Tropical Cyclone Lusi intensifies (Australia Network News, March 12, 2014)
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  106. ^ "2016 Tropical Cyclone Victor (2016014S13195)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  107. ^ "2016 Tropical Cyclone Zena (2016095S13162)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  108. ^ "Fijian residents prepare for long night as Cyclone Zena set to make landfall". One News NZ. April 8, 2016.
  109. ^ "2016 Tropical Cyclone Amos (2016108S17181)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  110. ^ "2017 Tropical Cyclone Cook (2017097S12171)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
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  112. ^ "2018 Tropical Cyclone Keni (2018096S15172)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  113. ^ "2020 Tropical Cyclone Tino (2020015S12170)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
  114. ^ "2020 Tropical Cyclone Uesi (2020037S13163)". International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
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  116. ^ Tropical Cyclone Dovi (Report). Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
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