Liliʻuokalani was the first queen regnant and the last sovereign monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. The queen ascended to the throne on January 29, 1891, nine days after the death of her brother Kalākaua, and inherited his cabinet ministers. The four cabinet positions were Attorney General, Minister of Finance, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of the Interior. The ministers were ex-officio members of the House of Nobles in the legislature and the Privy Council of State, a larger body of advisors.
The Bayonet Constitution that Kalākaua had been compelled to sign in 1887 allowed the monarch to appoint the cabinet, but transferred the power of their removal to the legislature alone. A legislative "resolution of want of confidence" would force the resignation of an entire cabinet. The new law allowed non-residents to vote, but economic and literacy restrictions disenfranchised a majority of Asians and native Hawaiians.[1] After her brother's funeral, the queen demanded the resignations of his ministers, causing a legal challenge when they refused. The case was decided in her favor by the Supreme Court of the kingdom.[2]
Shortly after her accession, Liliʻuokalani began to receive petitions through the political party Hui Kālaiʻāina and the National Reform Party to re-write the constitution.[3] The proposed constitution co-written by the queen and two legislators, Joseph Nāwahī and William Pūnohu White, would have restored the power to the monarchy, and voting rights to the disenfranchised population.[4][5]
Attorney General Arthur P. Peterson, Minister of Finance William H. Cornwell, Minister of Foreign Affairs Samuel Parker and Minister of the Interior John F. Colburn were specifically appointed on January 13, 1893, because the queen believed they would support her promulgation of a new constitution, but they refused to sign the document.[6] On January 17, 1893, the Kingdom of Hawaii fell to a coup d'état, planned and executed by the Committee of Safety, mostly foreign-born residents in Honolulu, whose goal was the annexation of Hawaii by the United States.[7]
Cabinet ministers January 29, 1891 – January 17, 1893
edit| Name | Portrait | Cabinet post | Notes | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cecil Brown | .jpg) |
Attorney General Nov, 1892 – Jan 12, 1893 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on January 12, 1893, ousting the Wilcox cabinet | [8] |
| Godfrey Brown | .jpg) |
Minister of Finance Jan 29 – Feb 25, 1891 |
Hold-over from Kalākaua administration; until Liliʻuokalani installed Herman A. Widemann in the position. | [9] |
| John F. Colburn |  |
Minister of the Interior Jan 13–17, 1893 |
Jan 17 overthrow of the Kingdom triggered by Colburn, Cornwell, Parker and Peterson refusing to support the queen's promulgation of a new constitution. | [6] |
| William H. Cornwell | .jpg) |
Minister of Finance Nov 1– 8, 1892 Jan 13–17, 1893 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on November 1, 1892, ousting the new cabinet on its first day. Jan 17, 1893 overthrow of the Kingdom triggered by Colburn, Cornwell, Parker and Peterson refusing to support the queen's promulgation of a new constitution. |
[10][11] |
| Charles F. Creighton |  |
Attorney General Nov 1–8, 1892 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on November 1, 1892, ousting the new cabinet on its first day. Exiled for his part in the 1895 Wilcox rebellion to restore the monarchy. The son of Kalākaua's Minister of Foreign Affairs Robert James Creighton |
[12][13][11] |
| John Adams Cummins |  |
Minister of Foreign Affairs Jan 29 – Feb 25, 1891 |
Hold-over from Kalākaua administration, until Liliʻuokalani installed Samuel Parker in the position | [14] |
| Charles T. Gulick | .jpg) |
Minister of the Interior Aug 6, 1883 – June 30, 1886 Sept 12 – Oct 17, 1892 Nov 1– 8, 1892 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on November 1, 1892, ousting the new cabinet on its first day. Exiled for his part in the 1895 Wilcox rebellion to restore the monarchy. |
[15][13][11] |
| Peter Cushman Jones | .jpg) |
Minister of Finance Nov 8, 1892 – Jan 12, 1893 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on January 12, 1893, ousting the Wilcox cabinet | [8] |
| Edward C. Macfarlane |  |
Minister of Finance Premier Sept 12 – Oct 17, 1892 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on October 17, 1892 | [16] |
| John Mott-Smith |  |
Minister of Finance July 28 – Oct 17, 1891 |
Editor of the Hawaiian Gazette, and supporter of the monarchy. | [17] |
| Joseph Nāwahī |  |
Minister of Foreign Affairs Nov 1– 8, 1892 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on November 1, 1892, ousting the new cabinet on its first day. | [12][11] |
| Paul Neumann |  |
Attorney General Aug 29–30, 1892 Sept 12 – Oct 17, 1892 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on October 17, 1892 | [18] |
| Samuel Parker | -closeup.jpg) |
Minister of Finance (acting) Mar 10 – June 28, 1891 Oct 17, 1891 – Jan 28 1892 Minister of Foreign Affairs Feb 25, 1891– Nov 1, 1892 Jan 13–17, 1893 |
Jan 17 overthrow of the Kingdom triggered by Colburn, Cornwell, Parker and Peterson refusing to support the queen's promulgation of a new constitution. | [19] |
| Arthur P. Peterson |  |
Attorney General Jan 29– Feb 25, 1891 Jan 13–17, 1893 |
Hold-over from Kalākaua administration Jan 17 overthrow of the Kingdom triggered by Colburn, Cornwell, Parker and Peterson refusing to support the queen's promulgation of a new constitution. Exiled for his part in the 1895 Wilcox rebellion to restore the monarchy. |
[20][13] |
| Mark P. Robinson | .jpg) |
Minister of Foreign Affairs Nov 8, 1892 – Jan 12, 1893 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on January 12, 1893, ousting the Wilcox cabinet | [8] |
| Charles Nichols Spencer |  |
Minister of the Interior Jan 29, 1891 – Sept 12, 1892 |
Hold-over from Kalākaua administration | [21] |
| William A. Whiting |  |
Attorney General Feb 25, 1891 – July 27, 1892 |
Resigned over conflict with Samuel Parker | [22] |
| Hermann A. Widemann | .jpg) |
Minister of Finance Feb 25 – Mar 10,1891 July 28 – Sept 12, 1892 |
Justice of the Supreme Court July 10, 1869 – Feb 18, 1874 Appointed by Kamehameha V Minister of the Interior under Kalākaua |
[23] |
| George Norton Wilcox |  |
Minister of the Interior Nov 8, 1892 – Jan 12, 1893 |
Legislative "resolution of want of confidence" passed the legislature on January 12, 1893, ousting the Wilcox cabinet | [8] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ MacLennan 2014, pp. 47–48.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, p. 476.
- ^ Russ 1959, p. 67.
- ^ Daws 1968, p. 271.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 582–586.
- ^ a b Kuykendall 1967, pp. 580–583.
- ^ Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the Congress. US Government Printing Office. 1894. p. 2288.
- ^ a b c d Kuykendall 1967, p. 579.
- ^ Lydecker 1918, pp. 172, 178, 287.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 557, 580–583.
- ^ a b c d The Supreme Court of the Hawaiian Islands December 23, 1892 court case challenging whether or not Creighton was actually Attorney General, to sign an indictment on November 7, due to the legislature's November 1, 1892 want-of-confidence vote on the cabinet. Opinion of the court by justices Richard F. Bickerton, Sanford B. Dole and Albert Francis Judd held that the cabinet remained in place until their successors were appointed on November 8."The Queen vs. John Costa and Anna Costa". The Hawaiian Gazette. January 3, 1893. p. 12, cols. 3–5. Retrieved February 6, 2020.
- ^ a b Kuykendall 1967, p. 557.
- ^ a b c "They All Went Willingly". The Pacific commercial advertiser. February 25, 1895. p. 3. Retrieved December 28, 2018.; "Wail Of The Hawaiian Exiled". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. March 18, 1895. p. 6. Retrieved December 28, 2018.; "Death of R. J. Creighton". The Hawaiian Gazette. June 6, 1893. Retrieved January 8, 2019.; "R. J. Creighton Dead". The Hawaiian Star. June 1, 1893. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
- ^ Lydecker 1918, pp. 127, 178, 182, 288.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, p. 557;Lydecker 1918, pp. 152, 156, 182, 289
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 553, 555.
- ^ Lydecker 1918, pp. 51, 107, 109, 117, 121, 136, 139, 143, 147, 152, 156, 297;"The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders". USGenWeb Archives.
- ^ "Neumann, Paul office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2010.; "Abdication of Queen Liliuokalan: Safety at the Price of a Kingdom, of Little Moment Now for the Cause of the Royalists is a Lost Cause". The Morning Call. San Francisco. February 7, 1895. Retrieved January 1, 2019.; Kuykendall 1967, p. 555
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 581, 580–583.
- ^ Lydecker 1918, pp. 178, 188, 298; Kuykendall 1967, pp. 580–583
- ^ Lydecker 1918, pp. 178, 182, 299.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, p. 550.
- ^ Kuykendall 1967, pp. 12–13; "Widemann, Hermann A. office record". state archives digital collections. state of Hawaii. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
Bibliography
edit- Daws, Gavan (1968). Shoal of Time: A History of the Hawaiian Islands. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. OCLC 45815755.
- Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson (1967). The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalakaua Dynasty. Vol. 3. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-87022-433-1. OCLC 500374815.
- Lydecker, Robert C. (1918). Rosters of Legislatures of Hawaii 1841–1918. The Honolulu Gazette Col., Ltd. p. 301.
- MacLennan, Carol A. (2014). Sovereign Sugar. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3949-9 – via Project MUSE.
- Russ, William Adam (1959). The Hawaiian Revolution (1893–94). Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press. ISBN 978-0-945636-53-3. OCLC 24846595.
Further reading
edit- All about Hawaii. The recognized book of authentic information on Hawaii, combined with Thrum's Hawaiian annual and standard guide ((original from University of Michigan)). Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 1891. pp. 92–97 – via HathiTrust.
- "A List of All the Cabinet Ministers Who Have Held Office in the Hawaiian Kingdom"
- Hewett, A M (1887). A Sketch of Recent Events, being a short account of the events which culminated on June 30, 1887, together with a full report of THE GREAT REFORM MEETING, and the two constitutions in parallel columns. Hawaiian gazette print – via HathiTrust.
- 37 pages relating to the Bayonet Constitution
- Liliuokalani (1898). Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliuokalani. Boston: Lee and Shepard. ISBN 978-0-548-22265-2. OCLC 2387226 – via HathiTrust.
- Lydecker, Robert C. (1918b). (full text) 1887 Constitution of the Hawaiian Kingdom and Kalakaua's November 3 speech before the Legislative Assembly. The Honolulu Gazette Col., Ltd. pp. 159–173.
- Spaulding, Thomas Marshall (1924). Cabinet Government in Hawaii, 1887–1893. Honolulu: University of Hawaii at Manoa. OCLC 964596158.