The Leonhard Schultze (Leonard Schultze) or Walio–Papi languages are a proposed family of about 6 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea. They are spoken along the border region of East Sepik Province and Sandaun Province, just to the south of the Iwam languages.
| Leonhard Schultze | |
|---|---|
| Walio–Papi | |
| Geographic distribution | Leonard Schultze River, Papua New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Sepik
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | None |
The languages are named after the Leonhard Schultze River, which is in turn named after German anthropologist Leonhard Schultze-Jena.
Languages
editThe Leonard Schultze languages are:
- Leonard Schultze languages
Classification
editThe Leonhard Schultze languages were traditionally classified by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975) as part of the Sepik language family.[1]
Foley (2018) classifies the Leonhard Schultze languages separately as an independent language family rather than as part of the Sepik languages (as in previous classifications proposed by others).[2] However, this classification is not accepted by Glottolog, which splits up the Walio and Papi branches and considers them each to be a primary language family.
Vocabulary comparison
editThe following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad and Dye (1975),[3] as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.[4]
The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. tiᵽo, tipafu for “head”) or not (e.g. aᵽayo, toefahewa for “skin”).
gloss Walio Yawiyo (Wosawari dialect) Papi head tiᵽo tipafu auwiyu hair tiřeʔ yei ařupisi ear aᵽoᵽo afe mʌgʌnaba eye nogub̶ʌnɛ nimau sunweyo nose tʌᵽsɛᵽoʔ tɩmʌsi tʌnipɔku tooth nʌᵽaᵽala nʌfe sʋmunu tongue nʌgʌya tanotai sakeyo louse natʌᵽi dibafuyei ařupɩsɩ dog kauwaᵽo ifau; ivau agabu pig taǏib̶o ami ami tʌmaub̶o bird auma ɔb̶ɔ; ɔːsani egg naᵽu aumufu usouyo blood liʔ teyuowa taneke bone ipalib̶o ihuwa naikʌmio skin aᵽayo toefahewa pʌsiyæ breast matʌᵽulo mama abiyaiɔ tree biᵽoʔ yanu naːb̶ʌkʌ man ɛlɛgobuwo to; to iːwa sanoᵽo woman tɔkotʌb̶isia sauto suːbu water ǥwei utlauwe ařukowa fire linati tanuwa; tiyami řiku stone ᵽuboʔ tab̶iya tab̶iyaio road, path ʔɛᵽobu efʌmowa pʌbřiyaio eat kanab̶o afaʔunařu opo akepo one aǏia gʌǏaǏilau ařʌsʌbau sunuboku two ǥuřaǥaʔ ařʌfři suwʌbiyaio
References
edit- ^ Laycock, D. C. and Z'graggen, John A. 1975. The Sepik-Ramu Phylum. In Wurm, S.A. (ed.), Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1, 729-763. Australian National University.
- ^ Foley, William A. (2018). "The Languages of the Sepik-Ramu Basin and Environs". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 197–432. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- ^ Conrad, R. and Dye, W. "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". In Conrad, R., Dye, W., Thomson, N. and Bruce Jr., L. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 18. A-40:1-36. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. doi:10.15144/PL-A40.1
- ^ Greenhill, Simon (2016). "TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea". Retrieved 2020-11-05.