The Kingdom of Majorca (1231–1715) was created by James I of Aragon following his conquest in 1229 and the subsequent surrender of sovereignty by the Muslim rulers of the Balearic Islands in 1231. It was ruled in conjunction with the Crown of Aragon until his death when by will it passed to a younger son, James (II), who ruled the kingdom as nominal vassal of the Aragonese Crown. He was removed by his nephew Alfonso III of Aragon, who conquered the island of Menorca in 1287, effectively recovered Menorca from Moorish rule. By the Treaty of Anagni of 1295, however, these island territories were yielded back to James. In 1344, the kingdom was again united with the Crown of Aragon but still disputed by pretenders until 1403. It subsequently formed an administrative kingdom within the Crown of Spain periodically included in the royal style – as in Philip II's in the 1584 Treaty of Joinville – until the Nueva Planta Decrees abolished these divisions in 1715.
Monarchs of Majorca
edit| Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James I 1231–1276 |
 |
2 February 1208 Montpellier son of Peter II of Aragon and Marie of Montpellier |
Eleanor 1221 1 child Violant of Hungary 1235 10 children Teresa Gil de Vidaure 2 children |
27 July 1276 Valencia aged 68 |
| James II 1276–1286 (first rule) |
 |
1243 Montpellier son of James I of Aragon and Violant of Hungary |
Esclaramunda of Foix 1275 6 children |
1311 Palma de Mallorca aged 68 |
| Alfonso I Alfonso III of Aragon 1286–1291 |
 |
1265 Valencia son of Peter III of Aragon and Constance of Sicily |
unmarried | 18 June 1291 Barcelona aged 27 |
| James III James II of Aragon 1291–1295 |
 |
10 August 1267 Valencia son of Peter III and Constance of Sicily |
Isabella of Castile 1 December 1291 No children Blanche of Anjou 29 October 1295 10 children Marie de Lusignan 15 June 1315 No children Elisenda de Montcada 25 December 1322 No children |
5 November 1327 Barcelona aged 60 |
| James II 1295–1311 (second rule) |
|
1243 Montpellier son of James I of Aragon and Violant of Hungary |
Esclaramunda of Foix 1275 6 children |
1311 Palma de Mallorca aged 68 |
| Sancho 1311–1324 |
 |
1276 son of James II of Majorca and Esclaramunda of Foix |
Maria of Naples 20 September 1304 No children |
4 September 1324 Formiguera aged 48 |
| James III of Majorca 1324–1344 |
 |
5 April 1315 Catania son of Ferdinand of Majorca and Isabelle of Sabran |
Constance of Aragon 2 children Violant of Vilaragut 10 November 1347 1 child |
25 October 1349 Llucmajor aged 34 |
Pretenders to the throne
editPeter IV of Aragon annexed the kingdom in 1344 and the title was part of the Crown of Aragon, though disputed by pretenders.
| Pretender | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James IV of Majorca 1349–1375 |
 |
1335 Montpellier son of James III of Majorca and Constance of Aragon |
Joan I of Naples 26 September 1363 No children |
20 January 1375 Soria aged 40 |
| Isabella 1375–1403 |
 |
1337 daughter of James III of Majorca and Constance of Aragon |
John II of Montferrat 4 September 1358 5 children Konrad of Reischach 1375 1 child |
1406 France aged 69 |
Isabel's descendants did not continue the pretension.