The Institute of Spain (Spanish: Instituto de España, IdE) is a Spanish learned society, grouping ten royal academies. The institute is part of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, which partially funds these organizations.
Instituto de España | |
 | |
_01.jpg) Caserón de San Bernardo, IdE headquarters | |
| Abbreviation | IdE |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1 January 1938 |
| Founders | Eugenio d'Ors Pedro Sainz Rodríguez |
| Type | Learned society |
| Purpose | To promote good relations between the royal and associated academies, as well as to promote the generation of knowledge and its transfer to society |
| Headquarters | 49th San Bernardo street, Madrid |
| Location |
|
Membership | 10 royal academies and 66 associated academies |
Protector | Felipe VI (as King of Spain) |
Parent organization | Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities |
| Affiliations | All European Academies |
| Website | institutodeespana |
The organization is headquartered in the city of Madrid, in a building known as Caserón de San Bernardo or Auditorium of Universidad Complutense, a former Jesuits-owned building. The Institute shares the space with the Complutense University of Madrid and the State School Council.
The institute is headed by a president who, since 2010, has been elected annually and on a rotating basis among the presidents or directors of the different royal academies.[1]
History
editThe institution was founded in 1938 thanks to the impulse of Eugenio d'Ors and Pedro Sainz Rodríguez, who were inspired by the Institute of France. The Decree of January 1, 1938, established that the Institute of Spain was made of six of the most relevante Spanish academies: the Royal Spanish Academy (1713), the Royal Academy of History (1738), the Royal Academy of Sciences (1847), the Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences (1857) and the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando (1752) and the Royal National Academy of Medicine (1734).[2]
All the members of the Institute were reunited for the first time on January 6, 1938, at the University of Salamanca, and, together, they were briefly entrusted with the task of guiding and directing the cultural and research policies in Spain, until the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) was established.[3]
Since then, the institute has had three expansions: in 1946, when the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation (1763) and the Royal Academy of Pharmacy (1737) were incorporated,[4] in 2015 when the Royal Academy of Engineering was incorporated (1994)[5] and in 2017, when the Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences was incorporated (1940).[6]
In addition to the ten mentioned, as of 2023, there are another 65 academies associated with the Institute of Spain.[7]
Academies
editCurrently, the Institute of Spain is made up of ten national Royal Academies, based in Madrid and Barcelona. The incorporation of other academies into the IdE, always at a national level, it is made by agreement of the Government, at the proposal of the minister responsible for the academies, and following a report from the IdeE and the academies that comprise it at that time, assessing the trajectory and quality of the corresponding institution as well as the excellence of its members and activities.[1]
The Royal Academies that currently make up the IdE are the following, according to seniority priority (by date of incorporation into the IdeE):
| Academy | Motto | Inception | Incorporation |
|---|---|---|---|
 Royal Spanish Academy |
«It purifies, it fixes, and it dignifies» | 3 August 1713 | 2 January 1938[2] |
 Royal Academy of History |
Nox fugit historiæ lumen dum fulget iberis («The night flees, while the light of history shines for the Iberians») | 17 June 1738 | 2 January 1938[2] |
 Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando |
12 April 1752 | 2 January 1938[2] | |
 Royal Academy of Sciences |
«Observation and calculation» | 25 February 1847 | 2 January 1938[2] |
 Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences |
Verum, justum, pulchrum («True, fair, beautiful») | 30 September 1857 | 2 January 1938[2] |
.svg){kind=small} Royal National Academy of Medicine |
Ars cum natura ad salutem conspirans («Art collaborating with nature for health») | 12 August 1734 | 2 January 1938[2] |
 Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation |
20 February 1763 | 26 September 1946[4] | |
 Royal National Academy of Pharmacy |
Medicamenta non mella («Medicines are not honey») | 21 August 1737 | 26 September 1946[4] |
 Royal Academy of Engineering |
Scientia ingenium homini («Knowledge is natural to man») | 29 April 1994 | 14 July 2015[8] |
 Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences |
Utraque unum («Both are one») | 1 October 1940 | 24 March 2017[9] |
Associated academies
editAccording to the internal regulation of the Institute of Spain, the institution can make agreements with other academies of national, regional, provincial or local level, officially established and recognized, to make them associated academies.[1] As of 2024, 66 of these academies are associated with the Institute of Spain.[7] The last academy to get this status was the Youth Academy of Spain in April 2024.[10]
References
edit- ^ a b c Ministry of Education (18 September 2010). "Royal Decree 1160/2010, of September 17, which regulates the Institute of Spain". www.boe.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Decree no. 436, constituting the Institute of Spain with the set of Numerary Academics of the Royal Academies" (PDF). www.boe.es (in Spanish). 2 January 1938. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ "Order providing that the Institute of Spain transfers to the Spanish National Research Council all the services of the dissolved Board for the Expansion of Studies and the National Foundation for Scientific Research" (PDF). www.boe.es (in Spanish). 28 April 1940. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ a b c "Decrees of 1946 reorganizing two Spanish academies" (PDF). www.boe.es (in Spanish). 26 September 1946. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
- ^ "La Real Academia de Ingeniería se incorpora al Instituto de España". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2015-07-14. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
- ^ "La Real Academia de Ciencias Económicas se integra en el Instituto de España". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2017-03-24. Retrieved 2024-06-16.
- ^ a b "Academias asociadas". Instituto de España (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-06-16.
- ^ Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (14 July 2015), Royal Decree 536/2015, of June 26, which modifies Royal Decree 1160/2010, of September 17, which regulates the Institute of Spain, for the integration of the Royal Academy of Engineering. (in Spanish), pp. 58150–58151, retrieved 16 June 2024
- ^ Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (25 March 2017), Royal Decree 285/2017, of March 24, which modifies Royal Decree 1160/2010, of September 17, which regulates the Institute of Spain, for the integration of the Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences (in Spanish), pp. 21341–21342, retrieved 16 June 2024
- ^ "Historia | Academia Joven de España" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-06-16.