Mangarla, also spelt Mangala, is a Pama–Nyungan language of Western Australia. It is spoken by the Mangarla people of the north-western area of the Great Sandy Desert, inland from the coast.
| Mangarla | |
|---|---|
| Mangala | |
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Western Australia |
| Ethnicity | Mangala people |
Native speakers | 68 (2016 census)[1] |
Pama–Nyungan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mem |
| Glottolog | mang1383 |
| AIATSIS[2] | A65 |
| ELP | Mangala |
 Mangarla is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Phoneme Inventory
editMangala's phoneme inventory is typical of Australian languages, and is identical to the inventories of the other Marrngu languages. There are 17 consonant phonemes.
| Peripheral | Apical | Laminal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilabial | Velar | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | |
| Obstruents | p | k | t | ʈ | ɟ |
| Nasals | m | ŋ | n | ɳ | ɲ |
| Laterals | l | ɭ | ʎ | ||
| Rhotics | ɾ | ɻ | |||
| Approximants | w | j | |||
/ɾ/ may also occasionally be heard as a trill [r].
Also typical of Australian languages, there are only three vowel phonemes.
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | u |
| Low | a | |
/i, u, a/ in unstressed syllables may be heard as [ɪ, ʊ, ə].
References
edit- ^ ABS. "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
- ^ A65 Mangarla at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
Agnew, Brigitte Louise. 2020. The core of Mangarla grammar. University of Melbourne.
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