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The Garin Death Ray, also known as The Death Box and The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin (Russian: Гиперболоид инженера Гарина), is a science fiction novel by the noted Russian author Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy written in 1926–1927.
 Book cover of the 1927 first Russian edition | |
| Author | Aleksey Tolstoy |
|---|---|
| Original title | Гиперболоид инженера Гарина |
| Translator | Bernard Guilbert Guerney (1st edition) George Hanna (revised ed.) |
| Language | Russian |
| Genre | Science fiction novel |
| Publisher | Methuen (1st edition) Foreign Language (revised edition) |
Publication date | 1927 |
| Publication place | Soviet Union |
Published in English | 1936 (1st edition) and 1955 (revised edition) |
The "hyperboloid" in its title is not a geometrical surface (though it is utilized in the device design) but a "death ray"-laser-like device (thought up by the author many decades before lasers were invented) that the protagonist, engineer Garin, used to fight his enemies and try to become the dictator of the world. The idea of a "death ray" (popularized in The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells, among others) was commonplace in science fiction of the time, but Tolstoy's version is unique for its level of technical details. "Hyperboloids" of different power capability differ in their effect. The device uses two hyperbolic mirrors (in contrast to Wells's Heat-Ray, which uses a parabolic mirror) to concentrate light rays in a parallel beam. Larger "hyperboloids" can destroy military ships on the horizon, and those of less power can only injure people and cut electric cables on walls of rooms.
Professor Georgy Slyusarev, an expert in optics, in his 1944 book "О возможном и невозможном в оптике" ("About Possible and Impossible in Optics") presented arguments about the infeasibility of Garin's device.
Adaptations
editTwo film adaptations of the novel were released in the Soviet Union in 1965 (The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin) and 1973 (Failure of Engineer Garin).
Aleksandr Abdulov started shooting his own version of Hyperboloid, but it was unfinished due to Abdulov's illness and death.[1]
Influence
edit- Charles H. Townes, the inventor of laser, said that his invention had been inspired by this novel.[2]
- Vladimir Nabokov included parodic elements in his tragicomedy The Waltz Invention (1938).[3]
- The Soviet rock band Kino was originally known as Garin i giperboloidy (Russian: Гарин и Гиперболоиды, Garin and the hyperboloids).[4]
- The Estonian punk band Vennaskond has an album and a song "Insener Garini hüperboloid" (The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin in Estonian).[5]
References
edit- ^ Как Абдулов снимал «Гиперболоид инженера Гарина»: судьба незавершённого фильма
- ^ Jacobsen, Annie (2015). The Pentagon's Brain: An Uncensored History of DARPA, America's Top-Secret Military Research Agency. UK: Hachette. pp. 207, 347. ISBN 9780316371650. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
- ^ Frank, Siggy; Frank, Sigrun. Nabokov's Theatrical Imagination. Cambridge University Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-107-01545-6.
- ^ Алексей Викторович Рыбин. "Кино" с самого начала и до самого конца
- ^ Vennaskond – Insener Garini Hüperboloid
External links
edit- The Garin Death Ray at IMDb, 1965 movie
- Failure of Engineer Garin at IMDb, 1973 movie