Hispano-Suiza 12X

12X
	Hispano-Suiza 12Xbrs at the Polish Aviation Museum in Kraków.
Type	V-12 piston aero engine
National origin	France
Manufacturer	Hispano-Suiza
Major applications	; Potez 540; Loire 130;
Developed into	Hispano-Suiza 12Y

The Hispano-Suiza 12X was an aircraft piston engine designed in France by Hispano-Suiza during the early 1930s. A 12-cylinder Vee, liquid-cooled design, the 12X was used on several aircraft types, some of them being used in limited numbers during World War II. Due to the 12X's limited power output, its derivative the more powerful Hispano-Suiza 12Y had a longer career.

Variants

Tabulated data from: Lage, 2004^[1]

Type 72 Hispano-Suiza 12X engines. V-12, bore=130 mm, stroke=170 mm, capacity=27.0 litres.
Model	Year	Compression	Power (hp)	@ r.p.m.	T-O power (hp)	Output reduction	Supercharger optimum altitude (m)	Weight (kg)	Comments
12Xbr (500 hp)	1932	6.4	610	2,200	610	1.5	0	355	Unsupercharged. Rated power (500 hp) less than nominal 610 hp
12Xbrs (500 hp)	1932	5.8	650	2,650	600	1.5	4,000	370	Rated power (500 hp) less than nominal 650 hp
12Xbrg (500 hp)	1932	5.8	715	2,650	670	1.5	2,000	370	Rated power (500 hp) less than nominal 650 hp
12Xbr (600 hp)	1934	6.4	600	2,200	630	1.5		355	For this and all later entries in both tables, Rated power = Nominal power = Power
12Xbrs (690 hp)	1934	5.8	690	2,600	660	1.5	4,500	370
12Xbrs1 (720 hp)	1934	5.8	720	2,600	704	1.5	2,750	370
12Xdrs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Left handed
12Xfrs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Right handed
12Xgrs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Hamilton propeller, right handed
12Xgrs1	1937	5.8	720	2,600		1.5	2,100	370	Hamilton propeller, right handed
12Xhrs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Hamilton propeller, left handed
12Xhrs1	1937	5.8	720	2,600		1.5	2,100	370	Hamilton propeller, left handed
12Xirs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Flat flange propeller, left handed
12Xjrs	1935	5.8	690	2,600	670	1.5	4,000	370	Flat flange propeller, right handed

Type 76 Hispano-Suiza 12X engines with 20 mm calibre Hispano-Suiza 404 cannon between cylinder banks, firing through propeller shaft. Cylinder dimensions as Type 73.
Model	Year	Compression	Power (hp)	@ r.p.m.	T-O power (hp)	Output reduction	Supercharger optimum altitude (m)	Weight (kg)	Comments
12Xcrs (690 hp)	1934	5.8	690	2,600	660	1.5	4,500	380
12Xers	1934	5.8	690	2,600	660	1.5	4,500	380	Variable-pitch propeller
12Xirs	1937	5.8	690	2,600	660	1.5	3,900	385	Left handed
12Xjrs	1937	5.8	690	2,600	660	1.5	3,900	385	Right handed
12Xirs1	1937	5.8	720	2,600	738	1.5	2,100	385	Left handed
12Xjrs1	1937	5.8	720	2,600	738	1.5	2,100	385	Right handed
12X 13	1937		690	2,600	738	1.5	3,900	371

Hispano-Suiza 12Xrs

Applications

Specifications (12Xcrs)

Data from ^[2]

General characteristics

Type: Twelve-cylinder supercharged liquid-cooled 60° Vee piston engine
Bore: 130 mm (5.12 in)
Stroke: 170 mm (6.69 in)
Displacement: 27 L (1,648 in³)
Length: 1,577 mm (62.09 in)
Width: 726 mm (28.58 in)
Height: 904 mm (35.59 in)
Dry weight: 380 kg (838 lb)

Components

Valvetrain: Overhead camshaft with two valves per cylinder
Supercharger: Single-speed centrifugal type supercharger, 10:1 reduction
Fuel system: Six Solex carburetors
Fuel type: 85 octane rating gasoline
Cooling system: Liquid-cooled
Reduction gear: Spur, 2:3

Performance

Power output:
486 kW (651 hp) at 2,600 rpm for takeoff
508 kW (681 hp) at 2,600 rpm at 4,500 m (14,765 ft)
Specific power: 18.81 kW/L (0.41 hp/in³)
Compression ratio: 5.8:1
Specific fuel consumption: 328 g/(kW•h) (0.54 lb/(hp•h))
Oil consumption: 11 g/(kW•h) (0.28 oz/(hp•h))
Power-to-weight ratio: 1.34 kW/kg (0.81 hp/lb)

References

^ Lage, 2004, p.486-7
^ Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived from the original on 2009-03-24.

Danel, Raymond and Cuny, Jean. L'aviation française de bombardement et de renseignement 1918-1940 Docavia n°12, Editions Larivière
Lage, Manual (2004). Hispano Suiza in Aeronautics. Warrendale, USA: SAE International. pp. 486–7. ISBN 0-7680-0997-9.

[Lage-1] Lage, 2004, p.486-7

[tsygulev-2] Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived from the original on 2009-03-24.

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[2]