Captain Henry John Peachey, 3rd Baron Selsey FRS (4 September 1787 – 10 March 1838) was a Royal Navy officer and peer. Serving on the East Indies Station during the Napoleonic Wars, he participated in the Invasion of the Spice Islands and Invasion of Java, rising from lieutenant to captain. He returned to England in 1813 commanding the frigate HMS Sir Francis Drake and had no further service.
The Baron Selsey | |
|---|---|
 Peachey as a midshipman, by Mary Byrne | |
| Born | 4 September 1787 |
| Died | 10 March 1838 (aged 50) Florence, Italy |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | Royal Navy |
| Years of service | c.1800–1838 |
| Rank | Captain |
| Commands | HMS Hecate HMS Malacca HMS Sir Francis Drake |
| Battles / wars | |
| Spouse(s) |
Anna Maria Louisa Irby
(m. 1817–1838) |
Peachey became Baron Selsey upon the death of his father in 1816; he was active in the House of Lords as a Whig. A Fellow of the Royal Society from 1817, he was patron to several notable sculptors including Richard James Wyatt and Josephus Kendrick. With his family seat at West Dean Park, Peachey may have used his other properties, including Newsells Park, to hold his collection of marbles and library.
Early life
editHenry John Peachey was born on 4 September 1787, the eldest surviving son of John Peachey, later the second Baron Selsey, and Hester Elizabeth née Jennings.[1] Peachey's maternal grandfather was Michael Burke, 10th Earl of Clanricarde.[2] The family lived at West Dean Park, a large mansion surrounded by parkland 5 miles (8 km) from Chichester, rebuilt by Peachey's father.[3][4]
Naval career
editPeachey joined the Royal Navy, aged thirteen, during the French Revolutionary Wars.[5] He was promoted to lieutenant on 5 January 1807. With the Napoleonic Wars underway, he served as first lieutenant of the 54-gun fourth-rate HMS Cornwallis on the East Indies Station. Peachey participated in the Invasion of the Spice Islands in 1810, and was present in Cornwallis at the capture of Amboyna Island in February.[2][6] For his services there he was mentioned in despatches.[6]
Staying in the vicinity of the Spice Islands, on 1 March Cornwallis came across the Dutch 8-gun gun-brig Margaretta. After a chase through the day the Dutch ship fled into a small bay on Amblaw Island. Peachey was given the task of capturing Margaretta, for which he was assigned command of three boats from the ship. Setting out for the bay as night fell, it took them all night to reach the ship. In the early morning Peachey's force boarded Margaretta. The Dutch crew fought back, firing grapeshot and muskets at the British and attacking them with swords and pikes. After a short engagement in which the commanding officer of Cornwallis, Captain William Montagu, described Margaretta as "defended bravely", the ship was captured by Peachey.[2][7]
Peachey's force had five men wounded, while the Dutch had one killed and twenty wounded. Margaretta had on board money and supplies meant for Ternate.[2][7] A portrait of Peachey, depicting him just prior to the boarding of Margaretta, was exhibited by Sir William Beechey at the Royal Academy towards the end of 1816.[8]
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Peachey was given command of the 18-gun brig-sloop HMS Hecate in July 1811, in which he took part in the Invasion of Java later in the year. During this period he was also promoted to commander. He continued in Hecate until he was promoted to captain on 7 August 1812. Peachey was then given command of the 36-gun frigate HMS Malacca at Madras.[9][10][11][12] Later in the year he transferred to command the 32-gun frigate HMS Sir Francis Drake.[13] Peachey returned to England with Sir Francis Drake in the following year, escorting a convoy of merchant ships valued at over £3,000,000 (equivalent to £247,300,000 in 2023).[2][9] The ship arrived at Deptford on 28 May.[13] This was Peachey's last active service in the Royal Navy.[9]
Politics
editPeachey's father died on 27 June 1816 and he inherited his barony, becoming the third Baron Selsey. Taking his seat in the House of Lords, Peachey generally supported the Whig faction.[2] When George IV introduced the Pains and Penalties Bill 1820 in an attempt to divorce Caroline of Brunswick, Peachey was one of eighteen peers to enter protests against it on 6 November, arguing that adultery could not be proven and the benefit of the doubt should have been given to Caroline.[14] He also voted in favour of the Reform Act 1832.[2]
Patron of the arts
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Peachey was appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society, as both previous barons had been, on 27 March 1817.[15][16] He took after his father, who had been a patron of the arts, owning Old Master paintings such as a portrait by Pompeo Batoni. Peachey's primary interest was contemporary sculpture, as well as purchasing books, drawings, and prints. He formed a collection of sculptures known as the Selsey marbles, which he intended Newsells Park in Hertfordshire to house. He also owned a townhouse, 33 Lower Grosvenor Street in London, where the collection may have been held.[17][18]
Peachey was patron to a number of prominent sculptors, including Joseph Nollekens, Josephus Kendrick, Richard James Wyatt, John Gibson, and Luigi Bienaimé. Kendrick and Wyatt produced busts of Peachey, both of which have now been lost.[18]
Personal life
editPeachey married Anna Maria Louisa Irby, a daughter of Frederick Irby, 2nd Baron Boston, on 21 October 1817. They had no issue. Peachey's younger brother John William Peachey, a clergyman, died unmarried on 6 July 1837. Peachey survived him for only a year, dying in Florence on 10 March 1838, aged fifty.[1] His body was transported back to England to be buried at West Dean Park.[3]
With no extant male relatives, the Selsey barony and attached baronetcy both became extinct. Peachey had one sister, Caroline Mary Peachey. She married the clergyman Leveson Venables-Vernon-Harcourt, but also had no children.[1] Peachey's widow survived him, dying in 1870; his sister inherited his estates and owned them until her death in 1871.[19] Peachey's library was then broken up by Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, who had inherited, and was sold at Sotheby's on 20 June 1872.[20][21]
Citations
edit- ^ a b c Urban (1838), p. 540.
- ^ a b c d e f g Urban (1838), p. 541.
- ^ a b "Captain Henry John Peachey, 3rd Baron Selsey (1787-1838)". Bonhams. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ Neale (1821), p. 130.
- ^ "Capt. Henry Peachey". Wigs on the Green. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ a b Marshall (1829), p. 93.
- ^ a b Marshall (1829), pp. 93–94.
- ^ Roberts (1907), p. 135.
- ^ a b c Marshall (1829), p. 94.
- ^ Winfield (2008), p. 272.
- ^ Winfield (2008), p. 160.
- ^ Syrett & DiNardo (1994), p. 400.
- ^ a b Winfield (2008), p. 197.
- ^ Rogers (1875), p. 537.
- ^ Burke (1819), p. 836.
- ^ "List of Fellows of the Royal Society 1660 – 2007". Archived from the original on 30 November 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ Sharpe (1830), p. 5 P 1.
- ^ a b "A Life-Size Marble Figure of 'Psyche With The Lamp'". Christie's. 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ Lady's Own Paper (1870), p. 426.
- ^ Sabin (1961), p. 257.
- ^ London Reader (1872), p. 333.
References
edit- "A Rare Book". The London Reader of Literature, Science, Art and General Information. 19 (483). 1872.
- Burke, John (1819). A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the British Empire. London: Henry Colburn.
- Marshall, John (1829). . Royal Naval Biography. Vol. sup, part 3. London: Longman and company. pp. 93–94.
- Neale, John Preston (1821). Views of the Seats of Noblemen and Gentlemen. Vol. 4. London: Sherwood, Neely, and Jones.
- Roberts, W. (1907). Sir William Beechey, R.A. London: Duckworth and Co.
- Rogers, James E. Thorold (1875). A Complete Collection of the Protests of the Lords. Vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Sabin, Joseph (1961). Bibliotheca Americana. Vol. 19. Amsterdam: N. Israel.
- The Lady's Own Paper. Vol. 7. London: E. Marlborough. 1870.
- Sharpe's Peerage. Vol. 2. London: John Sharpe. 1830.
- Syrett, David; DiNardo, R. L. (1994). The Commissioned Sea Officers of the Royal Navy 1660–1815. Aldershot: Scolar Press. ISBN 978-1-85928-122-2.
- Urban, Sylvanus (1838). The Gentleman's Magazine. Vol. 19. London: William Pickering; John Bowyer Nichols and Son.
- Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-78346-926-0.