This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2024) |
The Hahamog'na, commonly anglicized to Hahamongna (/hɑːˈhɑːməŋɡə/) and spelled Xaxaamonga in their native language, are a tribe of the Tongva people of California. Their language belongs to the Uto-Aztecan family.
History
editThe Hahamogna inhabited the Verdugo Mountains foothills and San Rafael Hills; the Arroyo Seco in the westernmost San Gabriel Valley area around present day Pasadena and Altadena; and the easternmost San Fernando Valley area north of the Los Angeles River around present day Glendale; all in Los Angeles County, California.
Two settlements named Hahamongna, California have been located. The Hahamogna band have also been called Pascual and Pascualite Indians, after which the 1843 Mexican land grant Rancho San Pascual, that included their part of the Arroyo Seco, was named.
Most correctly Hahamog'na is the name of this tribe's chief, and the tribe's name and the place in which they live also take this name. Other derivatives have been shown in an adjectival style thus referring to them as the "Hahamovic Indians."[citation needed]
Hahamog'na was met by Gaspar de Portolà of the overland Mexican Expedition in 1770. The Spanish began a proselytizing campaign of religious conversion and servitude, the Indian Reductions.
Upon his conversion, Hahamog-na was given the Christian name "Pascual" and his tribe became known as the Pascualite Indians, in the Indian Reductions of Mission Indians.[citation needed] This name preceded the naming of Rancho San Pascual, part of present-day Pasadena, San Marino, and South Pasadena. The name Hahamongna is now applied to Hahamongna Watershed Park, an archeological site of one of the Hahamongna, California settlements, a recreational area, and an open space nature preserve-park in the upper Arroyo Seco in Pasadena.[1]
Other Tongva tribes
editOther family groups of the Tongva could be found elsewhere in the San Gabriel Valley and San Fernando Valley. With the founding of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel in 1771 and Mission San Fernando Rey de España in 1797, these Tongva groups gathered at the missions and were taught European skills of farming, raising cattle and producing leather, tallow, and soap. Once converted to Christianity, the neophytes were generally not permitted to return to village life. Collectively these groups were referred to as Gabrieleños and Fernandeños by the Spanish.[citation needed]
Other Tongva names that are recognizable about the Southland: Cahueg-na (Cahuenga), Topag-na (Topanga), and Azuksag-na (Azusa).[citation needed]
See also
editReferences
editSources
edit- Dr. Hiram Reid, Pasadena 1895, out of print (google books).[2]
- Southwest Museum, Braun Research Library, Los Angeles[3]
Notes
edit- ^ "Parks | LAMountains.com". www.lamountains.com. Retrieved 2016-05-21.
- ^ Reid, Hiram Alvin (1895-01-01). History of Pasadena: Comprising an Account of the Native Indian, the Early Spanish, the Mexican, the American, the Colony, and the Incorporated City, Occupancies of the Rancho San Pasqual, and Its Adjacent Mountains, Canyons, Waterfalls and Other Objects of ... Interest: Being a Complete and Comprehensive Histo-cyclopedia of All Matters Pertaining to this Region. Pasadena History Company.
- ^ "Braun Research Library". Archived from the original on July 20, 2010. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
External links
edit- official Hahamongna Watershed Park website
- Hahamongna locator Map
- Save Hahamongna.org website - ongoing open space and historic sites protection, and riparian zone restoration projects.
