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Garfield High School (Seattle)

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James A. Garfield High School is a public high school in the Seattle Public Schools district of Seattle, Washington. It is named after James A. Garfield, the 20th President of the United States. The school is located at 400 23rd Avenue between E. Alder and E. Jefferson Streets in the Central District section of Seattle.

James A. Garfield High School
Location
Map
400 23rd Avenue
Seattle, Washington, U.S.

United States
Information
TypePublic
Established1920
PrincipalTarrance Hart
Faculty68.20 (FTE)[1]
Grades9-12
Enrollment1,642 (2022-23)[1]
Student to teacher ratio24.08[1]
Color(s)Purple & White
   
MascotBulldogs
NewspaperThe Messenger
WebsiteGarfield High School

Garfield High School draws students from all over the city. Garfield is also one of two options for the district's Highly Capable Cohort for academically highly gifted students, with the other being Ingraham International School. As a result, the school offers many college-level classes, ranging from calculus-based physics to Advanced Placement (AP) studio art.

History

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20th century

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James A. Garfield High School was founded in 1920 as East High School at its current location.[2] The first graduating class consisted of 282 students who transferred from Broadway High School. In three years, the school's enrollment forced the 12-room building to be scrapped for the Jacobean-style building designed by Floyd Naramore. In 1929, the city commissioned the architect to design an addition for the school as enrollment peaked at 2,300 students.[3]

Garfield High School has long played a key role in its neighborhood, the Central District. As the Central District has changed, so has the school's population. In its early decades, the school was noted for its Jewish, Japanese and Italian populations. After World War II, the neighborhood became predominantly African-American[4] and by 1961, 51 percent of Garfield students were black, compared to only 5.3 percent of the general Seattle school district population.[5]

In the late 1960s and 1970s, Garfield was at the center of the school district's attempts to avoid forced busing through various plans, including turning it into a "magnet school". This began the focus on music and science that persist to the present day. The school introduced an APP Program in 1979, and due to the success of this program, an alternative program, IBx, was opened for APP students at Ingraham International High School in North Seattle to help relieve pressure on an overcrowded Garfield.

Martin Luther King Jr., Jesse Jackson,[6] and Stokely Carmichael are among notable people who have spoken at the school.[7]

21st century

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Garfield High School, located on the grounds of the former Lincoln High School in Wallingford, Washington

The buildings have lasted for more than eight decades, but they were partially demolished in a sweeping redesign of the school that began in June 2006. The remodel was mostly completed by the fall of 2008, making the class of 2009 the only class to attend classes in both the old and new buildings. There was a movement to hold off the remodeling to preserve the building's history, including a city initiative to preserve the Quincy Jones auditorium as a historic site, thereby blocking the remodeling.[8] The new design has a state-of-the-art performing arts center. After its renovation, Garfield had become the second most expensive high school in the state, after Stadium High School, with Stadium High at $106 million and Garfield at $105 million.

The school reopened in time for 2008 classes on September 3. Faculty and students vacated their temporary quarters at Lincoln High School at the end of the 2007–2008 school year.[9]

In March 2006, then U.S. Senator Barack Obama spoke at the school on innovation in education.[10][11]

Terracotta work

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Garfield High School's architecture makes extensive use of terracotta. Among the many terracotta details worked into the building are emblems of botany, the trades, arts and crafts, industry, intelligence, and the sciences.

  •  
    "Botany" (south face)
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    "Trades" (south face)
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    "Arts & Crafts" (west face)
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    "Industry" (east face)
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    "Intelligence" (east face)
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    "Sciences" (west face)

Incidents

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  • In 2012, during a school field trip, one of the school's students allegedly raped another student. The school's mishandling of the ensuing investigation resulted in a federal investigation of the school district for Title IX sexual violence violations.[12][13]
  • In June 2024, junior student Amarr Murphy-Paine was shot and killed outside the school after attempting to break up a fight between two other students [14]

Academics

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Of the approximately 400 students who graduated in 2011, 70 percent planned to attend four-year colleges, and 20 percent planned to attend two-year colleges. Garfield has over 200 students in IEP (Individualized Learning) and ELL (English Language Learners) programs, along with 415 APP (Accelerated Progress Program) students. The school currently offers 21 Advanced Placement courses and 10 honors courses.[15] In 2012, the mean reading, math and writing SAT scores for Garfield students were 575, 578 and 569, respectively.[16] Languages offered are Spanish, French, and Japanese.

Garfield was one of 14 schools in King County, Washington, in 2007 to receive the "School of Distinction" award from the office of superintendent of public instruction for making the most progress over six years in reading and writing on the WASL.[17] The school has a silver medal of distinction from U.S. News & World Report in 2008 and 2009 for being among the top-performing high schools in terms of college readiness.[17] The school is noted for producing a number of National Merit Scholars each year,[6] and Garfield consistently produces more National Merit Scholars each year than any other public school in Washington state.[18] Garfield frequently competes for the highest number of National Merit Scholars of any school in the state, including private schools.[19] Garfield students make up more than 70 percent of the Seattle Public School students who take AP exams.[18]

Each year there are many valedictorians, most of whom go on to top universities.[20] In June 2005, 44 valedictorians graduated.[17] In recent years, however, the school has faced widespread criticism that white students are served through AP and honors programs, and black students are not supported.[21] During the 2006–2007 school year Garfield offered more than 120 different classes across nine departments, including an extensive selection of advanced classes. Garfield students can take classes from local community colleges through a program called Running Start, and online courses from Stanford's EPGY and Johns Hopkins University's CTY program. Some students attend on-campus courses at the University of Washington.[22]

Testing controversy

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In January 2013, the entire teaching body of Garfield High School refused to administer the standardized Measures of Academic Progress, or MAP, which is administered system-wide, three times per year. The teachers called the tests useless and a waste of instructional time.[23] After their protest became public, teachers at local schools nearby such as Ballard High School and Chief Sealth International High School joined the movement. The American Federation of Teachers has endorsed the school's boycott of the tests.[24]

Athletics

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Garfield soccer players practicing on a cold January Saturday

Garfield athletics have been strong historically. Athletic successes for the 1950s included four city football championships, two tennis titles, two baseball championships, and a state AA tournament trophy in basketball.[25] The boys basketball team has won the most Washington state championships in state history.[26]

Garfield basketball teams have won many regional and state titles. The boys basketball team has won the state championship 16 times and was the runner-up eight times since 1949. The team has notable alumni, including Brandon Roy (GHS c/o 2002), Tony Wroten (GHS c/o 2011), and University of Washington alumnus Will Conroy.[27] The girls team boasts alumna Joyce Walker (GHS c/o 1980), who is best known as the third woman to join the Harlem Globetrotters.[28] The girls team won their third state championship in 2005.[29] Both the girls and boys teams were state champions in 1980, 1987, and 2020.

In 2001, the boys swimming and diving team won the state championship.[30] In 2007, the girls swimming and diving team won the state championship.[citation needed]

Garfield won state titles in boys and girls track in 1987 and 2017.[citation needed] The boys cross country team won the Metro League championship in 2016.[citation needed]

The football team made national headlines when they knelt during the U.S. national anthem to protest an allegedly racist verse continued within[31] and police brutality in the United States. Their protest continued for the entirety of the 2016 season.[32] Players on the team stated that they had received death threats and had their car's tires slashed due to the protests.[33]

The fastpitch softball team made history in 2019 when they swept the postseason, winning the Metro League championship, Sea-King District championship, and WIAA 3A State Championship. The first time for a Seattle school.[34] They defeated Yelm 10–6 in the championship game.[35]

Programs, clubs, and activities

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Drama

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In 2005, Garfield's performance of Cabaret won the Outstanding Program and Poster Design award and Special Honors in Educational Impact and Student Achievement from the 5th Avenue Theatre.[36] Subsequent musicals have been unable to enter the 5th Avenue Awards due to scheduling. One of the main draws of Garfield's drama program is its large student-led Drama Club, an important element that is missing from many other local area schools. The Garfield Drama Club produces collections of short one-act plays, all of which are directed and produced by current students.[37] The department also performs three teacher-directed shows per year: an Autumn Play, a Children's Show for local elementary schools, and a Spring Musical. A notable element of Garfield's drama program is that student leadership is present in all areas of theater. Student stage managers often help the director lead the production, while students run the costuming, hair and makeup, lighting, sound and set design programs. Musical direction is run by Garfield's choir teacher, who is sometimes assisted by a student assistant musical director.

Newspaper

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The Messenger is Garfield's monthly student-run newspaper. The Messenger has earned awards from the Journalism Education Association and the National Scholastic Press Association, placing in Best of Show in the JEA/NSPA Spring National High School Journalism Conventions and winning its most prestigious honor, the Pacemaker Award, in 1997 and 2006.[38] A column from the paper was reprinted by All About Jazz in 2004.[39]

In 2006 and 2007, staff reporters won the NSPA's Brasler Prize.[40]

Robotics

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Garfield has two FIRST Tech Challenge robotics teams: team 4042, Nonstandard Deviation and team 12788, Ultraviolet.[41] Team 4042 was founded in 2009, and received the Rockwell Collins Innovate award at the 2018 West-Super Regional Championship and Washington State Championship,[42] ultimately attending the Houston FIRST Championship in April 2018.

Policy debate

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Garfield is one of two schools in Seattle Public Schools with an active policy debate program. One of Garfield's teams beat Ingraham in the finals of the 2019 season's culminating tournament to become state champions.[43]

Music

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The Quincy Jones Performance Center at the high school

The music program at Garfield High School has won numerous awards. Several notable musicians attended the school, including Jimi Hendrix, Lil Tracy, Quincy Jones, Macklemore, and Ernestine Anderson.

Vocal department

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The choirs at Garfield include a Treble Choir, Concert Choir and a Vocal Jazz group.[44] In 2009, the vocal jazz ensemble received a special commendation for its performance at Lionel Hampton. In 2024, they took home a trophy, winning the Sweepstakes competition. t[45]

Orchestra

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The orchestra program includes a symphony orchestra, a concert orchestra, and a chamber music program. Every year, many students from the orchestra play in the Seattle Youth Symphony Orchestras, often in principal positions. Garfield students also play in the Seattle Conservatory of Music Starling Scholar Chamber Orchestra, and many community ensembles. Garfield orchestra members have had their original compositions debuted by the Seattle Symphony and SYSO.

In 1995, Garfield guest conductor Gerard Schwarz, music director of the Seattle Symphony, said, "I don’t recall hearing a high school orchestra perform anywhere in this country on such a high level."[46] Garfield has won numerous first-place awards in festivals around the world, including the Best Orchestra for Downbeat Magazine in both 1999 and 2007, and the National Orchestra Cup in 2011.[46] The Garfield Symphony Orchestra has also toured and performed in Japan, Europe, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Carnegie Hall and Alice Tully Hall in New York.

Jazz Band

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Garfield High School jazz quintet at Paramount Theatre in Seattle in 2008

Garfield's jazz program has won state, national and international awards and accolades in big band, combo and individual categories. Jazz Ensemble I has toured Europe numerous times, visiting the Netherlands, France, Switzerland, Germany, Belgium, Austria, Italy, and playing at venues including the Montreux and North Sea Jazz Festivals. It has also attended the International Association of Jazz Educators' conference, as well as the Essentially Ellington Competition in New York City. It is the only band to win the first-place trophy in consecutive years (2003–2004 and 2009–2010) and the only band to have been invited to Essentially Ellington for ten consecutive years.[47] Overall showings at Essentially Ellington have included 1999 (honorable mention), 2000 (honorable mention), 2002 (2nd place), 2003 (1st place), 2004 (1st place), 2006 (3rd place), 2008 (2nd place), 2009 (1st place), 2010 (1st place), 2013 (finalist), 2014 (finalist), 2015 (finalist), 2016 (finalist), 2019 (finalist) and 2020 (finalist). Its consistent placement in national competitions and long history of national recognition indicate its status as one of the best high school jazz bands in the country.[48]

Among the many other awards are seven sweepstakes wins since 2000 at the Clark College Jazz Festival in Vancouver, Washington,[49] three sweepstakes wins (including two by Jazz Band II) at the Bellevue High School jazz festival in Bellevue, Washington, six sweepstakes awards at the Lionel Hampton Jazz Festival in Moscow, Idaho, and others wins at the Reno and Mount Hood jazz festivals.[50]

School Shootings

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Garfield High School has experienced five different shootings since 2021. This is the most shootings at any single school in the United States over the last twenty years. [51] All of these took place outside of school walls. These shootings include:

  • On June 2, 2023, Garfield High School canceled all in-person classes and activities due to "potential threat of gun violence" in the area. The Nova Project, an alternative high school, and several community centers were also closed in response.[52]
  • On June 6th, 2024, a shooting occurred outside of Garfield High School, killing a 17 year old student.[53]

Notable alumni

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Garfield High School". National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
  2. ^ "Garfield High School opens as East High School in 1920". HistoryLink. April 19, 2001. Retrieved August 28, 2021.
  3. ^ "the Free Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History". HistoryLink.org. April 19, 2001. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  4. ^ "Central District". Seattlepi.com. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  5. ^ Tate, Cassandra (September 7, 2002). "Busing in Seattle: A Well-Intentioned Failure". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  6. ^ a b Shaw, Linda (September 2, 2008). "Seattle's Garfield High reopening after renovation". The Seattle Times.
  7. ^ "Stokely Carmichael speaks to 4,000 at Seattle's Garfield High School on April 19, 1967". HistoryLink.org. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  8. ^ Blanchard, Jessica (May 14, 2006). "Garfield revamp hits snag". Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
  9. ^ Shaw, Linda (September 2, 2008). "Seattle's Garfield High reopening after renovation". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved January 22, 2013.
  10. ^ "Sen. Obama to visit Garfield High". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. March 16, 2006.
  11. ^ Jamieson Jr, Robert L. (March 17, 2006). "Cantwell's photo op in 'hood is ironic". Seattle Post-Intelligencer.
  12. ^ "Feds investigate Seattle Schools handling of rape case | KING5.com Seattle". July 30, 2014. Archived from the original on July 30, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  13. ^ Gordon, Claire (July 22, 2014). "In handling rape, high schools are worse than colleges | Al Jazeera America". America.aljazeera.com. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  14. ^ "Family holding public memorial for Amarr Murphy-Paine, teen gunned down in Garfield High School parking lot". Capitol Hill Seattle. July 5, 2024. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
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  18. ^ a b "School Profile – Fall 2010" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 22, 2011. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
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  20. ^ Thompson, Lynn (June 15, 2005). "One high school — 44 valedictorians". The Seattle Times.
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  24. ^ "AFT Endorses Garfield Teachers' Test Boycott | Diane Ravitch's blog". Dianeravitch.net. January 18, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
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  26. ^ Jenks, Jason (January 19, 2013). "Garfield-Franklin basketball rivalry is back". The Seattle Times.
  27. ^ "4A Boys Basketball Tournament Champions". September 28, 2007. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  28. ^ Ringer, Sandy. "Basketball legend Joyce Walker brings golden touch to Garfield". The Seattle Times. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  29. ^ davisron1906 (March 17, 2012). "Garfield High School 2005 Girls State Basketball Championship Game". Archived from the original on December 21, 2021 – via YouTube.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Washington Interscholastic Activities Association". WIAA. Archived from the original on May 22, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  31. ^ Emery, David (August 29, 2016). "'The Star-Spangled Banner' and Slavery". Snopes.com. Archived from the original on June 28, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  32. ^ "Garfield football team takes knee during national anthem prior to game Friday night". Seattletimes.com. September 16, 2016.
  33. ^ "High school players' national anthem protests prompt range of reaction". Usatodayhss.com. November 3, 2017.
  34. ^ [3] [dead link]
  35. ^ "State softball: Garfield becomes first Seattle Public Schools team to win championship". The Seattle Times. May 25, 2019.
  36. ^ "Home \ 5th Avenue Theatre". 5thavenuetheatre.org. Archived from the original on December 9, 2004.
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  39. ^ "No Top 40 Love" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 23, 2006. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  40. ^ "NSPA – Contest Winners". Studentpress.org. January 17, 2012. Archived from the original on December 11, 2012. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
  41. ^ "About | Garfield Robotics". Garfieldrobotocs.com. August 16, 2018.
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  49. ^ "Jazz Festival Sweepstakes Winners". Retrieved February 23, 2020.
  50. ^ "About Garfield Jazz". Retrieved February 23, 2020.
  51. ^ "Schools focus on "hardening" buildings against mass shootings. Data show they're missing where most gun violence is happening". www.cbsnews.com. September 12, 2024.
  52. ^ Gutman, David (June 3, 2023). "Garfield High School to reopen Monday, following nearby shootings, threats". The Seattle Times. Retrieved June 4, 2023.
  53. ^ "Student injured in shooting outside Garfield High School". komonews.com. June 6, 2024.
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  55. ^ "The Benaroya Gift". Seattle Symphony. 2005. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 22 January 2005.
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  59. ^ Charoni, Allison. "Someone you Should Know". The Garfield Messenger. Archived from the original on March 22, 2013.
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