Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. (August 17, 1914 – August 17, 1988) was an American lawyer, politician, and businessman. He served as a United States congressman from New York from 1949 to 1955 and in 1963 was appointed United States Under Secretary of Commerce by President John F. Kennedy. He was appointed as the first chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission from 1965 to 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Roosevelt also ran for governor of New York twice. He was a son of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, and served as an officer in the United States Navy during World War II.[1]
Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Roosevelt Jr. in 1945 | |
| Chair of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission | |
| In office May 26, 1965 – May 11, 1966 | |
| President | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Stephen N. Shulman |
| United States Under Secretary of Commerce | |
| In office March 26, 1963 – May 16, 1965 | |
| President | John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson |
| Preceded by | Edward Gudeman |
| Succeeded by | LeRoy Collins |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 20th district | |
| In office May 17, 1949 – January 3, 1955 | |
| Preceded by | Sol Bloom |
| Succeeded by | Irwin D. Davidson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. August 17, 1914 Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Canada |
| Died | August 17, 1988 (aged 74) Poughkeepsie, New York, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Other political affiliations | Liberal |
| Spouses | Suzanne Perrin
(m. 1949; div. 1970)Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff
(m. 1970; div. 1976)Patricia Luisa Oakes
(m. 1977; div. 1981)Linda McKay Stevenson Weicker
(m. 1984) |
| Children | 5, including Franklin III |
| Parents | |
| Relatives | Roosevelt family |
| Alma mater | Harvard University (AB) University of Virginia (LLB) |
| Profession |
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| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1938–1946 |
| Rank | Lieutenant commander |
| Commands | USS Ulvert M. Moore (DE-442) |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Silver Star Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal Purple Heart |
Early life
editFranklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. was born on August 17, 1914, the fifth of six children born to Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) and Eleanor Roosevelt (1884–1962). At the time of his birth, his father was Assistant Secretary of the Navy.[1] He was born at his parents' summer home at Campobello Island, New Brunswick, Canada, which is now an international historical park.
His siblings were: Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1906–1975), James Roosevelt II (1907–1991), Franklin Roosevelt (1909; a brother of the same name who died in infancy in November 1909, having lived only for seven months), Elliott Roosevelt (1910–1990), and John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (1916–1981).[1]
As a young man in 1936, he contracted a streptococcal throat infection and developed life-threatening complications. His successful treatment with Prontosil, the first commercially available sulfonamide drug, avoided a risky surgical procedure which the White House medical staff had considered, and the headlines in The New York Times and other prominent newspapers heralded the start of the era of antibacterial therapy in the United States.[2]
Education
editHe graduated from Groton School in 1933, Harvard College in 1937 (Bachelor of Arts), and the University of Virginia School of Law (Bachelor of Laws) in June 1940.[3][4]
The family thought that FDR Jr. was the one most like his father in appearance and behavior. James said "Franklin is the one who came closest to being another FDR. He had father's looks, his speaking voice, his smile, his charm, his charisma."[5]
U.S. Navy service
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World War II
editRoosevelt was commissioned an ensign in the United States Navy Reserve on June 11, 1940. He was a junior naval officer in World War II and was decorated for bravery in the Naval Battle of Casablanca.
At the request of his father, along with brother Elliott Roosevelt, he attended both the Argentia (Atlantic Charter) summit with Prime Minister Winston Churchill in August 1941, and the Casablanca Conference in January 1943. Franklin also met FDR in Africa prior to the Tehran Conference. Returning from Argentia, he sailed with Churchill and stood with him at parades in newly American-occupied Reykjavik, Iceland to symbolize American solidarity with the United Kingdom.[6]
Brother James Roosevelt summarized "Brud's" naval service: "Franklin served on a destroyer that dodged torpedoes from Iceland to Minsk [sic!][He, obviously, meant Murmansk]. He became executive officer of the destroyer USS Mayrant (DD-402), which was bombed at Palermo in the Sicilian invasion. The famed war correspondent Quentin Reynolds went out of his way to write mother how bravely Franklin performed in that bloody ordeal, in which he was awarded the Silver Star Medal for exposing himself under fire to carry a critically wounded sailor to safety."[7]
Later, as a lieutenant commander, to which he was promoted to on March 1, 1944, Franklin became the commanding officer of the destroyer escort USS Ulvert M. Moore (DE-442) on July 18, 1944. Ulvert M. Moore served in the Pacific and shot down two Japanese aircraft and sank the Imperial Japanese Navy submarine Ro-115. The Moore was in Tokyo Bay when Japan formally surrendered on September 2, 1945. James Roosevelt remembered that his brother was known as "Big Moose" to the men who served under him, he did "a tremendous job".
Military awards
editRoosevelt's military decorations and awards include:
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Career
editLaw practice
editRoosevelt served in several New York law offices after the war. He was senior partner in the New York law firm of Roosevelt and Frieden, later known as Poletti, Diamond, Freidin & Mackay,[9] before and after his service in the Congress. (On December 3, 1945, Time magazine announced that Roosevelt had joined Poletti, Diamond, Rabin, Frieden & Mackay.[10]) He triggered controversy for representing Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo in the U.S., and dropped the account before Trujillo's assassination in 1961.
Politics
editRoosevelt was also involved in political affairs. He served on the President's Committee on Civil Rights in 1946 for President Harry Truman. Along with his brothers, he declared for Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1948,[11] as part of the draft Eisenhower movement.
He joined the Empire State Society of the Sons of the American Revolution in 1946.[12]
U.S. House of Representatives
editRoosevelt Jr. was elected as a member of the United States House of Representatives in a special election in 1949, in which he ran as a candidate of the Liberal Party of New York. He was re-elected in 1950 and 1952 as a Democrat. He represented the 20th congressional district of New York from May 17, 1949, until January 3, 1955,[1] then based in the Upper West Side of Manhattan.
Despite his name and connections, he became unpopular with the Democratic leadership. When brother James Roosevelt was elected to the House, Speaker Sam Rayburn told him to "not waste our time like your brother did." James wrote that Franklin "had a dreadful record in Congress. He was smart, but not smart enough. He had good ideas and the power of persuasion, but he did not put them to good use. He coasted instead of working at his job, considering it beneath him, while he aimed for higher positions. He may have had the worst attendance record of any member of those days, and it cost him those higher positions."[13]
Seeking the governorship of New York
editRoosevelt sought the Democratic nomination for governor in 1954,[14] but, after persuasion by powerful Tammany Hall boss Carmine DeSapio,[15] abandoned his bid for Governor and was nominated by the Democratic State Convention to run for New York State Attorney General.[15] Roosevelt was defeated in the general election by Republican Jacob K. Javits, although all other Democratic nominees were elected. Following his loss, Eleanor Roosevelt began building a campaign against the Tammany Hall leader that eventually forced DeSapio to step down from power in 1961.[15]
He again ran for governor of New York on the Liberal Party ticket in 1966, but was defeated by the incumbent Republican Nelson A. Rockefeller.[1]
Ties to John F. Kennedy
edit
At the instigation of Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., he campaigned for John F. Kennedy in the crucial 1960 West Virginia primary,[4] falsely accusing Kennedy's opponent, Hubert Humphrey, of having dodged the draft in World War II.[16]
Kennedy later named him Under Secretary of Commerce and chairman of the President's Appalachian Regional Commission. The Commerce post was given to him when Defense Secretary Robert McNamara vetoed his appointment as Secretary of the Navy. "JFK and Franklin were friends and their families were close. Socially, Franklin spent a lot of time in the White House during JFK's reign. But when Kennedy was killed, Franklin fell from power."[17]
He served as chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission from May 26, 1965, to May 11, 1966, during the administration of Kennedy's successor, President Lyndon B. Johnson.[1]
Entrepreneur
editRoosevelt was also a distributor of FIAT and Jaguar automobiles in the United States.[18] In 1970, he sold the distributorship Roosevelt Automobile Company.[1] He was a personal friend of Fiat chairman Gianni Agnelli.[19] He also ran a small cattle farm and had an interest in Thoroughbred racehorses. In 1983, he bred the colt Brothers N Law. A winner at age 2, the New York-bred ran second in the 1986 Empire Stakes hosted that year by the Saratoga Race Course.[20]
Personal life and death
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On June 30, 1937, Roosevelt married the first of his eventual five wives, Ethel du Pont (1916–1965) of the du Pont family. Before their separation and divorce on May 21, 1949,[9] they had two sons, Franklin Delano Roosevelt III (born July 19, 1938)[21] and Christopher du Pont Roosevelt (born December 21, 1941).[21]
On August 31, 1949, Roosevelt married for the second time to Suzanne Perrin (May 2, 1921 – December 23, 2022), the daughter of Lee James Perrin, a New York attorney.[9] They had two daughters before their divorce in 1970, which was obtained in Juárez, Mexico:[18] Nancy Suzanne Roosevelt (born January 11, 1952),[21] who married Thomas Ellis Ireland, grandson of Robert Livingston Ireland Jr. in 1977,[22] and Laura Delano Roosevelt (born October 26, 1959).[21]
On July 1, 1970, Roosevelt married for the third time to Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff (born 1927).[21] She was the granddaughter of Felix M. Warburg (1871–1937) and great‐granddaughter of Jacob Schiff (1847–1920).[18] She had been previously married to Robert W. Sarnoff, chairman and president of the RCA Corporation.[18] The marriage was childless and ended in divorce in 1976.[21]
On May 6, 1977,[21] Roosevelt married for the fourth time to Patricia Luisa Oakes (born 1951),[23] the daughter of British actor Richard Greene (1918–1985)[24] and Nancy Oakes von Hoyningen-Huene (1924–2005),[25] and the granddaughter of gold mining tycoon Sir Harry Oakes (1874–1943).[25] They had one son before divorcing in 1981:[21] John Alexander Roosevelt (born October 18, 1977).[21][26][24]
On March 3, 1984, Roosevelt married his fifth and final wife, Linda McKay "Tobie" Stevenson Weicker (born 1939).[21][23] She was previously married to Theodore M. Weicker, the brother of Connecticut Governor Lowell P. Weicker Jr.[27] They remained married until his death.[4]
On August 17, 1988, his 74th birthday, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. died at Vassar Brothers Hospital in Poughkeepsie, New York,[1] after a battle with lung cancer.[4]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h Mcquiston, John T. (August 18, 1988). "Franklin Roosevelt Jr., 74, Ex-Congressman, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ "Medicine: Prontosil", Time, December 28, 1936.
- ^ "Roosevelt, Franklin Delano Jr. (1914–1988)". Biographical Directory of Congress. Office of Art and Archives, Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved June 19, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. Dies". Washington Post. August 18, 1988. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ Roosevelt, 313
- ^ Hansen, 211–12, 262
- ^ Roosevelt, 269.
- ^ Sons of the American Revolution Membership Application
- ^ a b c "Representative Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. To Marry Miss Suzanne Perrin in August". The New York Times. July 30, 1949. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ "People". Time. December 3, 1945. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ "Democrats Urged to Run Eisenhower", The New York Times, Sunday April 4, 1948.
- ^ "Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr". Ancestry.com. Lehi, Utah: Silver Lake, GIC Private Limited, Permira, and Spectrum Equity. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved September 5, 2020.
- ^ Roosevelt, 314
- ^ Moscow, Warren (April 17, 1949). "Tammany Still Seeking Jobs for the Faithful: In Fight Against FDR Jr., the Hall Hopes to Prove All Is Not Lost". The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c Kandell, Jonathan (July 28, 2004). "Carmine De Sapio, Political Kingmaker and Last Tammany Hall Boss, Dies at 95". The New York Times.
- ^ Caro, Robert (2012), "3. Forging Chains", The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Passage of Power, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, pp. 85–86
- ^ Roosevelt, 315
- ^ a b c d "Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. To Wed Felicia Sarnof". The New York Times. July 1, 1970. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ Bachrach, Judy (March 22, 2011). "La Vita Agnelli". Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ Brothers N Law pedigree at Equibase Retrieved August 30, 2018
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Roosevelt Genealogy". fdrlibrary.marist.edu. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Archived from the original on March 1, 2019. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ "Nancy Suzanne Roosevelt Fiancee of Thomas E. Ireland". The New York Times. April 17, 1977. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
- ^ a b Pederson, William D. (January 1, 2009). The FDR Years. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9780816074600. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ a b Laskey, Margaux (September 18, 2010). "Lacy Garcia, Jack Roosevelt". The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ a b "Nancy Oakes von Hoyningen-Huene". The Times. January 21, 2005. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
- ^ (FDR Presidential Library)
- ^ "Miss Stevenson Becomes Bride Of T.M. Weicker". The New York Times. September 17, 1967. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
Sources
edit- United States Congress. "Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. (id: R000425)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved on May 19, 2009
- Roosevelt, James: My Parents: A Differing View, Playboy Press, 1976 (with Bill Libby)
- Hansen, Chris: Enfant Terrible: The Times and Schemes of General Elliott Roosevelt, Able Baker Press, 2012.
External links
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- United States Congress. "Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. (id: R000425)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- A film clip "Longines Chronoscope with Rep. Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1952)" is available for viewing at the Internet Archive
- Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Jr at Find a Grave