Francesco Robortello (Latin: Franciscus Robortellus; 1516–1567) was a Renaissance humanist, nicknamed Canis grammaticus ("the grammatical dog") for his confrontational and demanding manner.
Francesco Robortello | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 9 September 1516  Udine, Republic of Venice |
| Died | 18 March 1567 (aged 50) Padua, Republic of Venice |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Occupation | University teacher, Renaissance humanist, editor |
| Movement | Renaissance |
As scholar
editRobortello, who was born in Udine, was an editor of rediscovered works of Antiquity, who taught philosophy and rhetoric, as well as ethics (following Aristotle), and Latin and Greek, roving from Padua through universities at Lucca, Pisa, Venice, Padua, and Bologna before finally returning to Padua in 1560.
Robortello's scientific approach to textual emendations laid the groundwork for modern Hermeneutics. His commentary on Aristotle's Poetics formed the basis for Renaissance and 17th-century theories of comedy, influential in writing for the theatre everywhere save in England. At the same time he was the conservative Aristotelian philosopher who urged a woman to submit her will to that of her husband on the basis of her moral weakness, in his libro politicos: Aristotelis disputatio (Venice, 1552, p. 175, quoted Comensoli 1989).
He followed his In librum Aristotelis de arte poetica explicationes (1548), in which he emended the Latin version of Alessandro de’ Pazzi (published 1536), with a paraphrase of Horace's Ars Poetica and with explications of genres missing in the surviving text of Aristotle: De Satyra, De Epigrammate, De Comoedia, De Salibus, De Elegia.
In the fields of philology and history, he sustained controversies in print with Carolus Sigonius and Vincenzo Maggi in the form of essay-like orations, correcting the editions published in Venice by Aldus Manutius, and even philological missteps of Erasmus. These brief essays were collected and published at intervals.[1][2] A convention of surveys of Italian linguistics (Gensini 1993) is to start with Robortello.
Robortello died at Padua, where, in the 1550s, one of his pupils was Giacomo Zabarella. Another pupil was Jan Kochanowski, a poet who wrote both in Polish and Latin and introduced the ideas, forms and spirit of the Renaissance into Polish literature.
Main works
edit- De historica facultate disputatio (alternatively as De arte historica), 1548; 1567. An incunable of historiography.
- De rhetorica facultate, 1548
- In Aristotelis poeticam explicationes, Florence 1548, 2nd edition 1555. Reinterpreting Aristotle's Poetics for the humanist.
- Dionysi Longini rhetoris praestantissimi liber de grandi sive sublimiorationis genere ... cum adnotationibus, Basel 1554. Recovering the lost literary criticism of Longinus, On the Sublime.
- Thesaurus criticus, 1557, second edition, 1604
- De arte, sive ratione corrigendi antiquorum libros disputatio, Florence 1548;[3] 2nd edition 1562 This "Lecture on the art and method of correcting the books of the old writers" was one of the first critical discussions of the methodologies to apply in correcting texts of Antiquity.
- De artificio dicendi 1567. A textbook of rhetoric.
Notes
edit- ^ "ROBORTELLO FRANCESCO., de historica facultate, disputatio. Laconici, seu sudationis explicatio. De nominibus Romanorum. De rhetorica facultate. Explicatio in Catulli Epithalamium his accesserunt Annotationum in varia tam Graecorum, quam Latinorum loca libri II. Ode Graeca quae biochresm?dia inscribitur. Explanationum in primum Aeneid. Vergilij librum eodem Robortello praelegente collectae a Ioanne Baptista Busdrago Lucensi". Archived from the original on 2005-03-15. Retrieved 2005-12-03.
- ^ "Biblioteca comunale di Empoli - Catalogo delle edizioni del Cinquecento -Scheda 319". Comune.empoli.fi.it. Archived from the original on 2012-07-17. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
- ^ "Firenze, Lorenzo Torrentino, 1548" Archived 2005-03-15 at the Wayback Machine
References
edit- Ryan, E. E. "Robortello and Maggi on Aristotle's Theory of Catharsis". in Rinascimento XXII (1982) pp 263–273.
External links
edit- Franciscus Robortellus (Francesco Robortello) (in German)
- Italica: Rinascimento" Francesco Robortello (in Italian)
- Viviana Comensoli, "Gender and Eloquence in Dekker's The Honest Whore, Part II," note.
- Theaterbase: Barret H. Clark, Italian Dramatic Criticism of the Renaissance. Context of Robortello's works.
Further reading
edit- María José Vega, La formación de la teoría de la comedia: Francesco Robortello.
- Edward John Kenney, 1974 The Classical Text: Aspects of Editing in the Age of the Printed Book (University of California), 1974), especially pp 29–36.
- Goran Gaber, "Francesco Robortello et la naissance de l’historiographie moderne" dans M. Bouquet & C. Lesage (Eds.), Francesco Robortello. Réception des anciens & construction de la modernité. Presses Universitaires de Rennes (2018), pp. 257-270.