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France Télévisions

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48°50′20″N 2°16′17″E / 48.83889°N 2.27139°E / 48.83889; 2.27139

France Télévisions
Company typeSociété anonyme
IndustryPublic service broadcasting
Founded7 September 1992; 32 years ago (1992-09-07) (as France Télévision)[a]
1 August 2000; 24 years ago (2000-08-01) (as France Télévisions SA)
Headquarters7 esplanade Henri de France
Paris, Île-de-France, France
Key people
Delphine Ernotte (Chairman)
Patrice Duhamel (COO)
Products
Services
RevenueDecrease €3.087 billion (2018)[1]
Increase €−89.3 million (2018)[1]
Total assetsDecrease €444.5 million (2018)[1]
OwnerGovernment of France
Number of employees
9,050 (2021)
Subsidiaries
TV channels
Internet
Audiovisual production
Advertisement
Publishing and distribution
Others
Websitehttps://www.francetelevisions.fr/ https://www.france.tv/

France Télévisions (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃s televizjɔ̃]; stylized since 2018 as france·tv) is the French national public television broadcaster. It is a state-owned company formed from the integration of the public television channels France 2 (formerly Antenne 2) and France 3 (formerly France Régions 3), later joined by the legally independent channels France 4 (formerly Festival), France 5 (formerly La Cinquième) and France Info.

France Télévisions is currently funded by the French Treasury and the revenue from commercial advertising. The new law on public broadcasting will phase out commercial advertising on the public television channels (at first in the evening, then gradually throughout the day).[citation needed]

France Télévisions is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) initiative that is promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of broadcast TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface, and has selected HbbTV for its interactive news, sports and weather service, and plans to add catch-up TV and social media sharing capability.[2]

History

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From 1964 to 1975, French radio and television was monopolized through an organization known as the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française. In an effort to stimulate competition, the organization was split in 1975 so that France's three television channels—TF1, Antenne 2, and FR3, would still be owned by the French government, but be operated independently from each other. However, the sale of TF1 to Bouygues in 1987 and increased competition from other new private broadcasters (such as Canal+ and La Cinq, the latter having been replaced by public channel La Cinquième after it ceased transmissions in April 1992) led to a decline in viewership for the two remaining public channels, which lost 30% of their market share between 1987 and 1989.[3][4] The channels were however saved when a single director-general was appointed to manage both Antenne 2 and FR3, becoming part of a joint entity known as France Télévision. They were renamed in 1992 as France 2 and France 3, respectively.[5]

In August 2000, France Télévisions S.A. was formed as a holding company for France's public television channels, absorbing control of France 2, France 3, and La Cinquième (later renamed France 5). In 2004, Réseau France Outre-mer was absorbed by France Télévisions. Beginning in 2008, the President of France took the duty of naming the presidents for the French public broadcasters; they were previously nominated by the Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel. In 2013, under Francois Hollande, the previously adopted law was modified to return the power to nominate the presidents or French public broadcasters to the Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel.

Channels

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National

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Logos for the television channels (2018–2020)
  • La Première – A network of radio and television stations operating in French overseas departments and territories around the world (formerly known as RFO - Réseau France Outre-mer, Outre-mer 1ère).
  • France 2 – The company's primary channel with the second largest viewing audience.
  • France 3 – The company's secondary channel, consisting of a network of regional stations.
  • France 4 – Previously named "Festival" (1996–2005), and specializing in theatre, opera and French-language and other European originated drama, it is now a channel containing children's programmes, sports, sitcom, arts, music and entertainment. The two programming blocks are:
    • Okoo (5:00–21:00) – A children and junior channel. Started regular broadcasts on France 4 from August 2021.
    • Culturebox (21:00–5:00) – A culture channel that was launched on 1 February 2021 and replaced France Ô on TNT channel 19, but start on regular broadcast on France 4 from August 2021.[6]
  • France 5 – Focuses on societal issues (health, education, politics etc.) with talk-shows and culture with documentary films.
  • France Info – Non-stop news channel, with support from Radio France, France Médias Monde and Institut national de l'audiovisuel.

Thematic

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France Télévisions has an interest in a number of thematic cable/satellite channels in France:

Channel France Télévisions Indirect interest Other interest
Planète+ Crime [fr] 34% 66% Canal+ Thématiques (Canal+ Group)

France Télévisions holds 100% of France Télémusique SAS.

The thematic channel Planète Juniors (formerly Ma Planète) ceased operations in March 2009.

International

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Channel France Télévisions Indirect interest Other interest
TV5Monde 46.42% 3.12% Arte France France Médias Monde 11.97%
RTS 10.53%
RTBF 10.53%
CBC 6.32%
TVMonaco 5.26%
Télé-Québec 4.21%
INA 1.65%
Arte 50.00% Arte France 50% Arte Deutschland TV GmbH (ARD and ZDF)

France Télévisions holds 45% of the Arte France holding company together with the French state (25%), Radio France (15%) and INA (15%). Arte France and Arte Deutschland form the Arte Consortium that manages the bilingual French-German channel (Arte shared its analogue channel with France 5, but both channels have separate full-time services on cable, satellite and digital broadcasts).

France Télévisions also controls the new R1 digital multiplex that currently hosts France 2, France 3, France 5, Arte and La Chaîne parlementaire. France 4 was originally on the R1 multiplex but was moved to R2 to allow space for regional channels on R1.

Subsidiaries

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  • France.tv Publicité – Advertising department of the group.
  • France.tv Distribution – Edition and commercial distribution of the programs of the group's channels on DVD, Blu-ray and VOD.
  • France.tv Studio – Production company composed of three labels:
    • France.tv Access – Responsible for subtitling for deaf and hard of hearing of all the programs of the channels of the group (quality charter recognized by AFNOR).
    • France Doublage – Responsible for dubbing, audio description and subtitling of multilingual programs.
    • Histodio - Creation of sound works.
  • France 2 Cinéma and France 3 Cinéma – Films production and support for French cinema.

Slogans

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  • 7 September 1992 to May 2001: « Ça fait du bien quand ça s'allume », « Aucune hésitation, c'est France Télévision » / In English : "It does you good when it lights up", "No hesitation, it's France Television"
  • May 2001 to September 2006: « Donnons de l’imagination à nos images » / In English : "Let's give imagination to our images"
  • September 2006 to August 2008: « Vous avez tous les choix » / In English: "You have all the choices"
  • August 2008 to September 2011: « Le choix de la différence » / In English: "The choice of difference"
  • September 2011 to September 2012: « Créer pour partager » / In English: "Create to share"
  • September 2012 to 2018: « Bien différents, bien ensemble » / In English: "Very different, well together"
  • Since 2018: « Plus rien ne se fera sans vous » / In English: "Nothing more will happen without you"
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  •  
    France Télévisions' first logo from 1992 to 2000
  •  
    France Télévisions' third logo from 2002 to 2008
  •  
    France Télévisions' fourth logo from 2008 to 2011
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    France Télévisions' sixth logo from 2012 to 2018

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Without the "s".

References

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  1. ^ a b c Rapport annuel 2018 - Volet financier Archived 21 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Issuu 19 July 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2020
  2. ^ French Public Broadcaster Goes For HbbTV Archived 11 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Online Reporter 13 September 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2012
  3. ^ Rollet, Brigitte. "Television in France", in Television in Europe, pp. 39–40. Eds. Coleman, James A.; Rollet, Brigitte. Intellect Books, 1997. ISBN 1-871516-92-7
  4. ^ Rigourd, Serge. "France", in Western Broadcasting at the Dawn of the 21st Century, pp. 255, 270. Eds. Haenens, Leen; Saeys, Frieda. Walter de Gruyter, 2001. ISBN 3-11-017386-7
  5. ^ Hart, Jeffrey A. Technology, Television, and Competition: The Politics of Digital TV, p. 46. Cambridge University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-521-82624-1
  6. ^ "French public TV station launches channel to boost struggling culture sector". RFI. 2 February 2021. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
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