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Foreign relations of the Republic of the Congo

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For the two decades preceding the Republic of the Congo's 1991 National Conference, the country was firmly in the socialist camp, allied principally with the Soviet Union and other Eastern bloc nations. Educational, economic, and foreign aid links between Congo and its Eastern bloc allies were extensive, with the Congolese military and security forces receiving significant Soviet, East German, and Cuban assistance.

After the worldwide dissolution of the Soviet Union and Congo's adoption of multi-party democracy in 1991, Congo's bilateral relations with its former socialist allies have become relatively less important. France is now by far Congo's principal external partner, contributing significant amounts of economic assistance, while playing a highly influential role.

Congo-Brazzaville is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military.

Membership in international organizations includes the United Nations, Organisation of African Unity, African Development Bank, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), Economic Commission for Central African States, Central African Customs and Economic Union, International Coffee Organization, Union of Central African States, Intelsat, International Criminal Police Organization - Interpol, Non-Aligned Movement, and Group of 77.

Disputes - international: most of the Congo River boundary with the Democratic Republic of the Congo is indefinite (no agreement has been reached on the division of the river or its islands, except in the Pool Malebo (Stanley Pool) area.

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which the Republic of the Congo maintains diplomatic relations with:

 
# Country Date
1   Germany 15 August 1960[1]
2   United Kingdom 15 August 1960[2]
3   United States 15 August 1960[3]
4   France 16 August 1960[4]
5   Japan 18 August 1960[5]
6   Israel 9 November 1960[6]
7   Netherlands 3 August 1961[7]
8   Tunisia 1961[8]
9   Belgium 20 February 1962[9]
10   Canada February 1962[10]
11   Cameroon 26 November 1962[11][12]
12   Central African Republic 26 November 1962[13]
13   Gabon November 1962[14]
14   Chad 13 February 1963[15]
—   Holy See 16 February 1963[16]
15   Mali 20 February 1963[17]
16   Algeria 4 January 1964[18]
17   Ghana 8 February 1964[19]
18   China 22 February 1964[20]
19   Russia 16 March 1964[21]
20   Czech Republic 23 March 1964[22]
21   Serbia 28 March 1964[23]
22    Switzerland 21 April 1964[24]
23   Cuba 10 May 1964[25]
24   Vietnam 16 July 1964[26]
25   Egypt 28 July 1964[27]
26   North Korea 24 December 1964[28]
27   Bulgaria 31 December 1964[29]
28   Italy 20 April 1965[30]
29   Democratic Republic of the Congo 5 November 1965[31][32]
30   Sweden 1965[33]
31   Romania 21 August 1966[34]
32   Mongolia 31 December 1966[35]
33   Finland 22 March 1967[36]
34   Norway 23 May 1967[37]
35   Denmark 10 June 1967[38]
36   Luxembourg 10 June 1967[38]
37   India 26 August 1967[39]
38   Ethiopia 1967[40]
39   Greece 13 May 1968[41]
40   Albania 23 June 1968[42]
41   Guinea 1 July 1968[43]
42   Senegal 9 April 1969[44]
43   Hungary 14 February 1970[45]
44   Sudan November 1970[46]
45   Mauritania 1970[47]
46   Equatorial Guinea 12 July 1971[48]
47   Chile 1 June 1972[49]
48   Spain 7 December 1972[50]
49   Poland 19 December 1972[51]
50   Zambia 12 January 1973[52]
51   Libya 7 April 1973[53]
52   Portugal 25 January 1975[54]
53   Mozambique 25 June 1975[55]
54   Peru 12 July 1975[56]
55   Pakistan 1975[57]
56   Angola 25 July 1976[58]
57   Syria 10 February 1977[59]
58   Cape Verde 1977[60]
59   Austria 12 July 1978[61]
60   Benin 9 September 1978[62]
61   Jamaica 6 September 1979[63]
62   Nicaragua 12 September 1979[64]
63   Morocco 1979[65]
64   Argentina 2 January 1980[66]
65   Ecuador 12 February 1980[67]
66   Brazil 4 March 1980[66]
67   Burundi 21 December 1980[68]
68   Tanzania 22 October 1981[69]
69   Turkey 9 November 1981[70]
70   Rwanda 17 August 1982[71]
71   São Tomé and Príncipe 1982[72]
72   Grenada 1 September 1983[73]
73   Togo 6 August 1984[74]
74   Djibouti February 1985[75]
75   Iran 25 November 1986[76]
76   Uruguay 22 September 1987[77]
77   Thailand 25 August 1988[78]
—   State of Palestine 6 April 1989[79]
78   Namibia 23 March 1990[80]
79   South Korea 16 June 1990[81]
80   Mexico 1990[82]
—   Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1992[83]
81   South Africa 22 March 1993[84]
82   Slovakia 30 June 1998[85]
83   Saudi Arabia 1 February 1999[86]
84   Ukraine 3 June 1999[66]
85   Bahrain 9 June 1999[87]
86   Colombia 1 July 1999[66]
87   Kazakhstan 21 September 1999[66]
88   Philippines 19 January 2000[66]
89   Qatar 25 April 2000[66]
90   Brunei 15 May 2000[66]
91   Cambodia 13 September 2000[88]
92   Kuwait 31 October 2000[89]
93   North Macedonia 7 February 2001[90]
94   Singapore 8 February 2001[66]
95   Lebanon 12 April 2001[91]
96   Malaysia 2001[92]
97   Belarus 11 February 2002[93]
98   Iceland 15 December 2004[66]
99   Indonesia 2004[94]
100   Lithuania 5 December 2005[66]
101   Venezuela 6 April 2006[66]
102   Estonia 26 April 2006[95]
103   East Timor 7 November 2006[66]
104   Botswana 9 November 2006[66]
105   Armenia 15 March 2007[66]
106   Paraguay 23 March 2007[96]
107   Slovenia 19 April 2007[66]
108   Croatia 10 May 2007[97]
109   United Arab Emirates 21 May 2007[98]
110   Costa Rica 4 September 2007[66]
111   Australia 7 May 2009[66]
112   Montenegro 1 February 2011[66]
113   Malta 14 February 2011[66]
114   Bosnia and Herzegovina 23 February 2011[66]
115   Georgia 3 March 2011[66]
116   Fiji 11 May 2011[66]
117   Mauritius 6 July 2011[66]
118   Sri Lanka 1 February 2012[99]
119   Solomon Islands 6 March 2012[66]
120   Tuvalu 27 April 2012[66]
121   Kenya 28 August 2012[100]
122   Latvia 26 September 2013[66]
123   Monaco 27 February 2014[101]
124   Madagascar 17 September 2014[102]
125   Kyrgyzstan 3 February 2016[103]
126   Tajikistan 13 June 2017[104]
127   Azerbaijan 19 March 2018[105]
128   Maldives 20 April 2018[66]
129   San Marino 12 December 2018[106]
130   Bangladesh 12 March 2019[107]
131   Laos 29 August 2019[108]
132   Dominican Republic 16 October 2019[109]
133   Turkmenistan 21 May 2021[110]
134   Guinea-Bissau 26 November 2021[111]
135   Jordan 5 December 2021[112]
136   Andorra 24 February 2022[113]
137   Gambia 17 June 2022[114]
138   Malawi 18 October 2022[115]
139   Comoros 3 February 2023[116]
140   Burkina Faso Unknown
141   Eswatini Unknown
142   Iraq Unknown
143   Ireland Unknown
144   Ivory Coast Unknown
145   Liberia Unknown
146   Niger Unknown
147   Nigeria Unknown
148   Uganda Unknown
149   Yemen Unknown
150   Zimbabwe Unknown

Bilateral relations

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Country Formal relations began Notes
  Canada February 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations in February 1962[10]
  China 22 February 1964 See China-Republic of the Congo relations

On February 22, 1964, China established diplomatic relations with the Republic of Congo.[20]

  Finland 22 March 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1967[119]

See Finland-Republic of the Congo relations

  France 16 August 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 August 1960[4]
  • Republic of the Congo has an embassy in Paris.
  • France has an embassy in Brazzaville and a consulate-general in Pointe-Noire.[120]
  India 26 August 1967 See Republic of Congo–India relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 1967.[39]

  Israel 9 November 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1960 when Ram Yaron was appointed first Israel ambassador at Brazzaville.[6] But Congo severance diplomatic relations with Israel on 31 December 1972.[123] Diplomatic relations were restored between them on 14 July 1991.[124]
  Mexico 1990 Both countries estabblished diplomatic relations in 1990
  • Republic of the Congo is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[118]
  • Mexico is accredited to the Republic of the Congo from its embassy in Abuja, Nigeria[125]
  Namibia 23 March 1990 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 1990[80]
  • Congo has an embassy in Windhoek.
  • Namibia has an embassy in Brazzaville.
  Poland 19 December 1972 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1972[51]

See Poland-Republic of the Congo relations

  Portugal 25 May 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 May 1961 whne first Ambassador of Portugal with residence in Brazzaville Mr. Gonçalo Correia Caldeira Coelho presented his credentials, but 17 August 1965 Congo severing diplomatic relations with Portugal. Diplomatic ties re-established on 25 January 1975[54]
  Russia 16 March 1964

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 1964[21]

The Republic of the Congo has no embassy in Moscow. Russia has an embassy in Brazzaville.

  Senegal 9 April 1969 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 April 1969 when Ambassador of Senegal to Congo (Brazzaville) (resident in Kinshasa) Mr. Mademba Sy presented his credentials to Head of State Major Marien Ngouabi[44]
  South Korea 16 June 1990

The diplomatic relations between the South Korea and the Republic of the Congo were established on 16 June 1990.[81] Bilateral trade in 2011 totalled $52,940,000 exports, and $78,100,000 imports. The Congo was a major oil exporter to Korea.[126]

  Tanzania 22 October 1981 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1981 when Ambassador of Tanzania to Congo Mme. Tato Nuru presented his letters of credentials to President of Congo Denis Sassou Nguesso.[69]
  Togo 1968 The two countries maintain diplomatic relations and Togolese President Faure Gnassingbé visited the Republic of the Congo in November 2023 meeting President Denis Sassou Nguesso.[127]
  Turkey 9 November 1981 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 November 1981[70]
  • Congo has an embassy in Ankara.[128]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Brazzaville.[128]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 57.25 million USD in 2019 (Turkish exports/imports: 1.47/55.8 million USD).[128]
  United States 15 August 1960 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 August 1960[3]

See Republic of the Congo-United States relations

Diplomatic relations between the United States and Congo were broken during the most radical Congolese-Marxist period, 1965–77. The U.S. Embassy reopened in 1977 with the restoration of relations, which remained distant until the end of the socialist era. The late 1980s were marked by a progressive warming of Congolese relations with Western countries, including the United States. Congolese President Denis Sassou-Nguesso made a state visit to Washington in 1990, where he was received by President George H. W. Bush.

  Zambia 12 January 1973 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1973 when the first Zambian Ambassador to the Congo People's Republic (resident in Kinshasa), M. Chalikulima, presented his credentials to President Ngouabi[52]

See also

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References

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  2. ^ West Africa. West Africa Publishing Company Limited. 1960. p. 937. ... Mr. Ronald F. McKeever to the four ex - A.E.F . countries : Congo, Central African Republic, Tchad and Gabon.
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