Bernard I, son of Magnus Torquatus, became Duke of Brunswick in 1409. The date of 1445 given in the inscription refers to his successor Otto (see RCIN 420425). One of a group of eight miniatures (420423-420430) which form a retrospective extension to the series of forty-nine miniatures of rulers of Brunswick-Lüneburg and their wives (420431-420679) dating from c. 1595. This secondary group of eight miniatures consists of fanciful portraits of fifteenth century Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg and their consorts. However, the impetus to enlarge the original group of 49 miniatures may well have come when they were hung prominently in Queen Caroline’s Closet at Kensington Palace in the mid–1730s. It is conceivable that the eight additional miniatures were produced on the instructions of Queen Caroline by an English miniaturist capable of emulating the naïve sixteenth-century style of the Brunswick-Lüneburg Court Miniaturist
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