China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automotive Works) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Changchun, Jilin.[5] Founded on 15 July 1953,[6][7] it is currently the second largest of the "Big Four" state-owned car manufacturers of China, together with SAIC Motor, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Changan Automobile.[8]
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FAW Group headquarters in Changchun | |||||||
Native name | 中国第一汽车集团有限公司 | ||||||
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Company type | State-owned enterprise | ||||||
Industry | Automotive | ||||||
Founded | 15 July 1953 | ||||||
Headquarters | , | ||||||
Area served | East Asia (except Taiwan, South Korea, Japan), Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Eastern Europe, and Africa | ||||||
Key people | Qiu Xiandong (Chairman) [1] Liu Yigong (President) [2] | ||||||
Products | Automobiles Buses Trucks Automotive components | ||||||
Production output | 3,500,000 units (2021)[3] | ||||||
Revenue | ![]() | ||||||
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Total assets | US$ 99.5 billion (2023)[4] | ||||||
Number of employees | 119,658 (2023)[4] | ||||||
Divisions | |||||||
Subsidiaries | List
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Chinese name | |||||||
Simplified Chinese | 第一汽车集团 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 第一汽車集團 | ||||||
Literal meaning | First Automotive Group | ||||||
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Abbreviation | |||||||
Simplified Chinese | 中国一汽 | ||||||
Traditional Chinese | 中國一汽 | ||||||
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Website | faw.com |
The company produces and sells vehicles under its own branding, such as Hongqi, Bestune (Benteng) as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as FAW-Toyota and FAW-Volkswagen (Volkswagen, Audi, Jetta).
Its principal products are automobiles, buses, light, medium and heavy-duty trucks,[9] and auto parts.[10] FAW became China's first automobile manufacturer when it unveiled the nation's first domestically produced passenger car, the Hongqi, in 1958.[11]
As a state-owned enterprise of China, FAW Group is controlled and managed by SASAC, which under Chinese law performs the functions of an investor.[12]
The company has three publicly traded subsidiaries: FAW Jiefang Group Co., Ltd. (SZSE: 000800), Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co., Ltd. (SSE: 600742) and Qiming INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co., Ltd. (SZSE: 002232).[13]
History
editFirst Automotive Works broke ground on its first factory in 1953 (the first year of the first five-year plan),[14][9] and produced its first product, the Jiefang CA-10 truck (based on the Soviet ZIS-150) in 1956.[15]
Soviet Russia lent assistance during these early years providing technical support, tooling, and production machinery.[14] Before the first factory opened, 39 Chinese FAW employees traveled to the Stalin Truck Factory for instruction in truck production.[15] Operations were conducted under Soviet direction, and the USSR is even credited with choosing Changchun as the location for the first FAW facility.[16]
First Automotive Works initially made only commercial trucks,[9] but started producing passenger cars in 1958.[15] These vehicles, Hongqi luxury sedans, were the first domestically produced Chinese automobiles.[15] Made primarily for the party elite, the design changed little over their thirty-year production run.[17] Following this, FAW's Audi products are the traditionally favoured choice for ranking Chinese state officials.[18]
The First Automotive Works "winged 1" badge is derived from the Chinese 一汽 ("一" meaning "one" and "汽", from "汽车" meaning "automotive") and depicts a hawk spreading its wings, 一 (1).[19] The logo was introduced in 1964.[20]
During the Third Front campaign to develop strategic industries in China's rugged interior to prepare for potential invasion from the United States or the Soviet Union, the First Automotive Works transferred a third of its workforce to develop the Second Automotive Works.[21]: 202–204
In 1992, the name First Automotive Works was changed to FAW Group Corporation.[19]
Though FAW was the fourth Chinese automaker to take on Western partners, its early joint venture with Volkswagen in 1990 saw it become the second Chinese auto company to develop a strong cooperative relationship with a foreign counterpart. SAIC was the first, in 1984 and also with VW.[22]
Volkswagen was the first foreign partner for FAW, but others soon followed. The company acquired 50% ownership of Tianjin Automotive Xiali in September, 2002, and renamed the brand FAW Tianjin.[23] As a result, FAW ended up with Toyota as a foreign joint venture partner.[24] FAW established a joint venture with General Motors in 2009[25] and has joint ventures with a handful of other foreign companies as well.
The company produced more than 1.5 million vehicles in 2008, and in 2009 it was the largest machinery corporation and the second largest auto manufacturer in China.[26] In 2010, the 2.56 million units sold made it the third most-productive vehicle maker in China that year, and one of its offerings, the FAW Xiali, was the 7th most-purchased car in China in 2010.[27] It produced 2.6 million vehicles in 2011, the third-largest output of any China-based company.[28] While it retained its third place rank, the number of whole vehicles produced in 2012 slowed to 2.3 million.[29] Passenger cars made up a relatively scant 64% of total production that year.[29]
In July 2021, FAW transferred 49% of the shares of FAW Haima to Hainan Development Holdings Co., Ltd. (Hainan Holdings) at no charge. Haima Automobile holds 51% of the shares in FAW Haima, while Hainan Holdings hold 49% of the shares.[30]
As of 2024, many other brands have been liquidated, leaving only Hongqi and Bestune as passenger car brands.
Brands and products
editFAW sold products under at least ten different brands including its own, but most of its brands has been discontinued or consolidated into Hongqi, Jiefang and Bestune brand currently.
Hongqi
editHongqi is a Chinese luxury car marque owned by the automaker FAW Group. Hongqi was launched in 1958, making it the oldest Chinese passenger car marque. In Chinese, hongqi means "red flag."
Jiefang
editJiefang is the medium and heavy trucks brand of FAW Group. The first truck rolled off of the lines in 1956, which was the first ever-built truck by the People's Republic of China.
Jiefang became a subsidiary on 18 January 2003 with two subsidiaries of its own, Qingdao Truck Division and FAW Trading Company, it is one make of Jiefang branded trucks.[31]
-
Jiefang J7
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Jiefang J6P
Bestune (formerly Besturn)
editBestune was established on August 18, 2006,[32] It may also be known as Ben Teng.[33] It serves as the passenger car brand in FAW Group.
FAW discontinued brands
edit- FAW Haima (divested), founded in January 1992 as Hainan Mazda Motor, a joint venture between the Hainan provincial government and Mazda to produce Mazda models for sale in China. In 2006, Mazda's share of Hainan Mazda was acquired by FAW Group, and the company became a subsidiary of FAW. In July 2021, FAW transferred 49% of the shares of FAW Haima to Hainan Development Holdings Co., Ltd. (Hainan Holdings) at no charge.
- FAW Tianjin (discontinued), Junpai, Huali, Xiali (discontinued), Jiaxing (discontinued)
- FAW Jilin (discontinued), a maker of mini-vehicles, small trucks and vans under the Senia and Jiabao brands.
- Oley (discontinued),[34] a newer brand that was targeting young buyers. Defunct in 2015.
- SiTech (discontinued), a brand that focuses on electric vehicles. Established in 2018 with the first car called SiTech DEV1 launched.[35]
- Pengxiang[36]
- Shenli[37]
- Yuan Zheng[38]
- FAC (marque), FAW Lingyuan
- Baolong
Year | Total | FAW Group | FAW Jiefang | FAW Car | FAW Haima | FAW Jilin | FAW Tianjin | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hongqi | Jiefang | Bestune | Oley | Haima | Senia | Jiabao | Junpai | Xiali | ||
2010 | 1,038,290 | 193 | 394,739 | 132,212 | - | 140,332 | 48,499 | 70,795 | - | 245,920 |
2011 | 907,337 | 2 | 280,104 | 112,816 | - | 156,212 | 41,090 | 62,555 | - | 250,153 |
2012 | 718,327 | 127 | 230,026 | 72,484 | 6,545 | 131,642 | 41,270 | 49,672 | - | 183,976 |
2013 | 723,969 | 2,981 | 276,956 | 121,254 | 6,300 | 113,446 | 40,424 | 39,554 | - | 129,392 |
2014 | 627,006 | 2,708 | 239,450 | 179,453 | 6,933 | 90,426 | 17,666 | 17,776 | 4,041 | 68,018 |
2015 | 505,849 | 5,044 | 178,300 | 147,897 | 1,936 | 70,938 | 14,159 | 22,705 | 29,308 | 35,541 |
2016 | 505,711 | 5,052 | 231,203 | 105,670 | 863 | 63,029 | 50,440 | 10,612 | 16,595 | 21,909 |
2017 | 572,862 | 4,702 | 317,445 | 116,472 | 186 | 39,369 | 62,290 | 5,308 | 17,598 | 9,482 |
2018 | 543,986 | 33,028 | 338,302 | 88,708 | 197 | 22,507 | 36,248 | 3,375 | 17,674 | 11,22 |
2019 | 589,832 | 100,166 | 352,702 | 120,193 | discontinued | 4,452 | 5,818 | 683 | 3,771 | 221 |
2020 | 779,403 | 200,338 | 492,622 | 83,391 | 2,936 | discontinued | discontinued | |||
2021 | 846,803 | 300,638 | 454,426 | 77,218 | 14,521 | |||||
2022 | 555,406 | 309,657 | 170,049 | 75,700 | divested | |||||
2023 | 732,328 | 370,000 | 241,662 | 120,666 |
Joint ventures
editFAW-Toyota
editCreated in 2003,[40] FAW operates this joint venture with Japanese automaker Toyota through Tianjin FAW. Key subsidiaries include:
- Guangzhou Toyota Motor Co
Operates a passenger car production base in the Nansha Economic Development District of Guangzhou, Guangdong province.[41]
The Toyota Land Cruiser Prado produced by Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor
Operates a passenger car production base in the Chenghua District of Sichuan province and another in Changchun, Jilin province.[41] As of 2008, its 10,000 units/year capacity production base in Changchun makes the Toyota Prius and the Toyota Land Cruiser. The other production base it controls may make buses.[42]
- Tianjin FAW Toyota Engine Co Ltd
This equally owned joint venture with Toyota makes engines at its production bases in the Xiqing District of Tianjin and at the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone. Combined, both bases can produce 440,000 units annually.[42]
- FAW Toyota Changchun Engine Co Ltd
Making engines at a 130,000 units/year capacity production base in the Changchun Economic and Technology Development Zone, this equally owned joint venture was established in 2004.[42]
FAW-Volkswagen Automobile Co Ltd
editEstablished in 1991, this large-scale automobile manufacturer is a joint venture between FAW Group and Volkswagen AG which, as of 2003, have ownership stakes of 60% and 40%, respectively.[43] It manufactures Audi and Volkswagen-branded automobiles for sale in China.[44]
- Chengdu FAW Co Ltd
This subsidiary of FAW's joint venture with VW controls production bases in Chengdu, Sichuan province.[45]
FAW-GM
editA joint venture with General Motors that mainly produces Jiefang light-duty trucks,[46] this JV includes the Harbin Light Vehicle and FAW Hongta Yunnan factories.[47]
- FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle Co Ltd
This joint venture with General Motors mainly produces Jiefang light-duty trucks.[46]
Silk-FAW Automotive
editThis joint venture with US based design firm Silk EV produces high end luxury hybrid sports cars.[48]
Subsidiaries and divisions
editFAW has at least 28 wholly owned subsidiaries and controlling shares in 18 partially owned subsidiaries. These include the wholly owned subsidiaries FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd and FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd, and the publicly traded FAW Car Co Ltd, Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co Ltd, and Changchun FAWAY Automobile Components Co Ltd.[9]
The following is an incomplete list.
Vehicle-producing Divisions
editChengdu FAW Automobile Co Ltd
editChengdu FAW produces Huaxi brand light and medium buses based on the Toyota Coaster.[49] Originally the Sichuan Bus Company, it became a partially-owned subsidiary in 2002 after acquisition by FAW.[49]
FAW Car Co Ltd
editCreated in 1997 from the merger of Changchun Gear Factory, the FAW No. 2 Engine Factory, the FAW No. 2 Car Factory, and the former FAW No. 1 Car Factory,[50] this publicly listed subsidiary produces cars, transmissions,[50] and engines.[51] It has a production base in western Changchun, Jilin province.[52]
FAW Bus and Coach
editFounded in 1959, it produces buses sold under the Taihu brand.
FAW Hongta Yunnan Automobile Co Ltd
editCreated in 1997 when FAW purchased a controlling interest in Hongta Yunnan Automobile Co Ltd, this subsidiary company, as of 2003, produces 1/2-3 ton pickups and light trucks as well as license-built Daihatsu models.[53] This factory was included in the FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[47]
-
FAW Hongta Lanjian Jiefang
-
FAW Hongta T340
FAW Jilin Automobile Co Ltd
editFounded in 1980, this company became a wholly owned subsidiary of FAW Group in either 1987[54] or March 1991.[55] It manufactures compact trucks and buses originally based on Suzukis. More recently, Jilin participated in a five-year-long joint venture with Daihatsu.[56]
FAW Passenger Vehicle Co
editAs of 2012, this company has two factories and some of the products it produces carry the Oley brand.[34]
FAW Sichuan Automotive Co Ltd
editEstablished in 1997, this part-owned subsidiary designs, produces, and markets medium and heavy truck bodies, wheels, and components for both FAW and other manufacturers.[57]
The Harbin Light Vehicle Factory
editEstablished in 1965, this FAW Group subsidiary made military vehicles until partnering with FAW in the 1990s.[58] It has since produced pickups, Jiefang trucks, and mini-vehicles (small trucks and vans that see commercial use).[58] This factory was included in the FAW-GM Light Duty Commercial Vehicle joint venture.[47]
Other divisions
edit- The 9th Industrial Machinery Design and Research Institute - Wholly owned subsidiary since 1958, responsible for production base design.[59]
- FAW Forging Co Ltd - Producing die and hand-forged auto parts, this subsidiary was established on 31 May 2000.[60]
- FAW Foundry Co Ltd - This wholly owned subsidiary produces cast auto parts including engine blocks.[61]
- FAW Jiaxin Heat Treatment and Electroplate Technology Co Ltd - This wholly owned subsidiary designs and manufactures complete heat treatment and electroplating systems.[62]
- FAW Qiming Information Technology Co Ltd - Established in 2000, this subsidiary company is responsible for GPS research and development, business development, sales and marketing, after sales support, and system integration.[63] A vehicle-monitoring division of its GPS research & development arm used a system purchased from Avaya to, "monitor over 3,000 vehicles throughout China".[63]
- FAW Tool Co Ltd - This wholly owned subsidiary specializes in development and production of non-standard tools for automotive manufacture.[64]
- FAW Tool and Die Co Ltd - Manufacturing automotive dies is the main responsibility of this wholly owned subsidiary.[64]
- Dalian Diesel Engine Co - Produces engines for commercial trucks, construction equipment, and agricultural machinery.[65] In 1986, 35 years after its inception, this company became a wholly owned subsidiary of FAW.[66]
- FAW Import and Export Corporation (FAWIE) - Established as a subsidiary in 1984, FAWIE is the international sales and marketing division of FAW Group.[67] Overseas joint ventures and technical cooperation with foreign countries are also within its remit.[67] This subsidiary has established overseas production facilities in Pakistan, South Africa, Tanzania, Ukraine, Vietnam, and Russia.[68]
Minor joint ventures
edit- Chengdu Araco Automobile Trim Part Co Ltd - This joint venture with Japan's ARACO produces interior trim parts.[49]
- FAWER Automotive Component Co Ltd - Operated with American auto-parts maker Visteon, produces air-conditioning units at a facility in the Changchun Automotive Development Zone[69]
- FAW Bharat Forging Co Ltd - A joint venture with India's Bharat Forge Ltd, it manufactures forged automotive components for passenger cars, buses, and commercial vehicles as well as forged products for the railway, mining, steel, and petroleum industries.[70]
- FAW Huali (Tianjin) Automobile Co Ltd - A joint venture with Tianjin Automotive Industry (Group) Co Ltd that, since 2003,[42] has manufactured Daihatsu models sold under the brand name Dario.[71] As of 2008, it continues to produce Daihatsu models, has a 10,000 units per year production capacity, and is majority owned by FAW with a 75% ownership stake.[42]
- Wuhu FAW Yangzi Automobile Co Ltd - This joint venture with Yangzi Group and Wuhu Automotive Industry Company manufactures trucks, custom bus chassis, and medium-size buses.[72]
- Changchun Fawer-Johnson - A joint venture between FAW Sichuan and Johnson Controls, it produces a wide range of interior components including automotive seats and trim.[57]
Production bases and facilities
editFAW has production bases located in 14 provinces throughout China[5] including the provinces of Guangdong,[73] Hainan,[9] Heilongjiang,[9] Jilin,[9] Liaoning,[74] Shandong,[9] Sichuan,[9] and Yunnan.[9] Non-provincial locales include Pudong[36] and Tianjin.[9]
Changchun
editFAW headquarters are located in Changchun, Jilin province, and operations here include an R&D and test center.[75] Additionally, FAW has two production bases here—one produces for the FAW-Volkswagen joint venture and the other makes self-branded autos.[76]
Chengdu
editAn unfinished production base in the Longquan Economic Development Zone in Chengdu, Sichuan province, replaces an older Sichuan base and will produce passenger cars for a FAW-Toyota joint venture, Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd, when it is completed in 2010.[77]
FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd also has a production base here.[36]
Another site in Chengdu produces cars for FAW-Volkswagen,[45] and a second VW production base is, as of 2009, scheduled to be built in the city.[78]
Dalian
editThe Dalian division of FAW Bus and Coach Co Ltd manufactures Jiefang and Yuan Zheng brand medium and large-size buses in a production base in Dalian, Liaoning province.[38] An unfinished bus production base in at the Dalian Economic & Technological Development Zone is expected to be complete in mid-2010 and will produce hybrid buses.[74]
Another Dalian base produces engines for commercial trucks, construction equipment, and agricultural machinery.[65]
Foshan
editAs of 2010, 150,000 units/year production capacity FAW-VW production base will soon be built in this Guangdong province city.[73]
Hainan
editLocated in the sunny, southern vacation spot of Hainan island and built in 1958, Hainan Island Test Grounds is an auto testing site that includes a test track.[37] FAW Hainan Automobile Co Ltd operates FAW's southernmost production facility here.[37]
A production base on the island manufactures license-built Mazdas.
Harbin
editA planned production base at the Aviation & Automobile Development Zone (Pingfang Development Zone) in the city of Harbin, Heilongjiang province, will see completion in December 2010 and produce light trucks.[58]
Shanghai
editFAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd has a production base in Pudong New Area in Shanghai.[36]
Tianjin
editPlants No. 1, 2, and 3 in the city of Tianjin produce automobiles for the FAW-Toyota joint venture Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd.[79] Plant No. 1 is in Yangliuqing Town, Xiqing District,[79] and plants No. 2 and 3 are located in the Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Zone and began production in 2007.[79] Tianjin FAW Toyota Motor Co Ltd also has an engine plant in Tianjin.[80]
Qingdao
editA FAW Jiefang Truck Co Ltd medium, heavy, and severe-duty truck production base is located in Qingdao, Shandong province.[36]
Export and overseas sales
editWhile primarily manufacturing products for sale in its home market, FAW began exports to foreign countries in 1957 with the sale of three commercial trucks to a businessperson in Jordan.[15] FAW has shipped its products to more than eighty nations,[5] including Egypt,[81] Iraq,[82] Kenya,[82] Mexico,[83] Myanmar,[84] Pakistan,[82] Russia,[68] South Africa, Iran,[85][86] Zimbabwe and Uruguay.[54]
NAZ-Nakhchivan Automobile Plant has assembled FAW cars in Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan, since 2020.[citation needed]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "一旗". China News Service. Archived from the original on 3 August 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
- ^ "Executives". FAW Group Corporation. Archived from the original on 2 May 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
- ^ "Autoline Daily". Retrieved 3 March 2022.
- ^ a b c d "China FAW Group". Fortune GLobal 500. Fortune. Retrieved 2024-08-24.
- ^ a b c FAW Today Archived 2010-03-23 at the Wayback Machine FAW's 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ "Passing bumps in the road: what we can learn from FAW's 70-year journey-Xinhua". english.news.cn. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
- ^ "Company Profile".
- ^ "2021全年汽车销量出炉,上汽卫冕,三家民营车企挤入前十_腾讯新闻".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k About FAW Profile FAW Official Site
- ^ Products Components & Parts FAW Official Site
- ^ Key Events, May 21, 1958/Aug. 1, 1958 Archived March 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine FAW Official site
- ^ "laws". www.npc.gov.cn. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
- ^ "上市公司". www.faw.com.cn. Retrieved 2023-11-29.
- ^ a b FAW Group Steps up Global Expansion Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Mar 27, 2007
- ^ a b c d e About FAW > Key Events Archived 2009-03-04 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site
- ^ Richter, Frank-Jürgen (2000). The dragon millennium: Chinese business in the coming world economy. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-56720-353-0.
- ^ The home team economist.com, Nov 13th 2008
- ^ Chinese public revved up over BMW, Benz on gov't car list Archived 2012-11-07 at the Wayback Machine xinhuanet.com, 2009-06-13
- ^ a b About FAW > Corporate Trademark Archived 2010-12-23 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site
- ^ About FAW > Key Events[permanent dead link] Faw Official Site
- ^ Meyskens, Covell F. (2022). "China's Cold War Motor City". In Altehenger, Jennifer; Ho, Denise Y. (eds.). Material Contradictions in Mao's China. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-75085-9.
- ^ Theme and variations Archived 2009-11-20 at the Wayback Machine economist.com, Nov 13th 2008
- ^ World of Cars 2006·2007. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o. 2006. p. 232.
- ^ Anil K. Gupta; Toshiro Wakayama; Srini Rangan (2012). Global Strategies for Emerging Asia. John Wiley & Sons. p. 135. ISBN 978-1-118-21797-9. Archived from the original on 2014-06-10. Retrieved 2016-10-11.
- ^ GM, China FAW Set Up Commercial-Vehicle Joint Venture Bloomberg.com, August 30, 2009
- ^ *For 2008 sales figures, see 2008 Annual Report[dead link] FAW Official Site
- For 2009 ranking as largest Chinese machinery company, see FAW Ranks 1st among Top 500 Chinese Machinery Corporations Archived 2009-08-10 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Aug 7, 2009
- For 2009 ranking as 2nd largest Chinese automaker, see SAIC expects rosy FY profit figures Archived 2010-01-11 at the Wayback Machine China Daily, Jan 7, 2010
- ^ *For 2010 sales figures, see China Car Market 101: Who Makes All Those 18 Million Cars? Archived 2011-01-22 at the Wayback Machine thetruthaboutcars.com, January 19, 2011
- For 2010 ranking as 3rd largest Chinese vehicle manufacturer, see Sales surge, but congestion concerns rise Archived 2011-01-04 at the Wayback Machine people.com.cn, November 15, 2010
- For FAW Xiali as 7th most-popular car in 2010, see Top 10 Best-Selling Sedans and SUVs in 2010 Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine chinaautoweb.com, January 14, 2011
- ^ 2011年前十家乘用车生产企业销量排名. China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM). 2012-01-20. Archived from the original on 2012-08-20.
- ^ a b "2012年12月分车型前十家生产企业销量排名". China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM). 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
- ^ "Haima automobile: China FAW transfers the equity of two subsidiary companies free of charge". EqualOcean. Retrieved 2023-02-22.
- ^ Page 9 Archived 2010-07-11 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ About FAW > Key Events[permanent dead link] FAW Official Site
- ^ Besturn B90 Sedan spotted out testing Archived 2010-10-30 at the Wayback Machine chinacartimes.com, October 27, 2010
- ^ a b "Short Torque". China Daily. 2011-11-28. Archived from the original on 2011-11-30.
- ^ "SiTech Is A New EV Brand From China And This Is Their First Car". 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 2019-03-08. Retrieved 2019-03-07.
- ^ a b c d e Page 34 Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b c Page 40 Archived 2012-02-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Page 32 Archived 2010-01-14 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ "HOME | Automotive Industry Portal MarkLines | Portal". www.marklines.com. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
- ^ Home > About Us > Company Introduction > TOYOTA Motor Co., LTD. Archived 2010-11-08 at the Wayback Machine Tianjin Xiali Official Site
- ^ a b Toyota Motor China Investment Co. By: Treece, James B. Automotive News, 5/14/2007 Supplement, Vol. 81
- ^ a b c d e FAW Group (2008). "FAW Toyota". Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
- ^ Page 21 Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 23 Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b FAW-Volkswagen Takes over Chengdu FAW Archived 2010-08-09 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Mar 30, 2009
- ^ a b "FAW-GM Increases Capacity, Having No Plan to Introduce GMC Yet". ChinaAutoWeb.com. Archived from the original on 2011-04-06. Retrieved 2010-09-18.
- ^ a b c "GM, China FAW set light-truck, van joint venture". marketwatch.com. MarketWatch. 30 August 2009. Archived from the original on 24 April 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- ^ "Silk-FAW to build sports-car plant in Italy". Automotive News Europe. 2021-05-03. Retrieved 2022-06-16.
- ^ a b c Page 38 Archived 2012-02-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Page 17 Archived 2008-06-22 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 19 Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 18 Archived 2008-06-24 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 39 Archived 2012-02-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b FAW Exported Mini Vans to Uruguay Archived 2008-06-11 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jan 22, 2008
- ^ World of Cars 2006·2007. Warsaw, Poland: Media Connection Sp. z o.o. 2006. pp. 231–232.
- ^ "Daihatsu to Dissolve its Joint Business for Body Parts Manufacturer in Jilin City, China". Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd. 2010-01-07. Archived from the original on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
- ^ a b Page 16 Archived 2010-04-10 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b c FAW Initiates 100,000-unit Light Truck Engineering Project in Harbin Archived 2010-04-20 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jun 4, 2009
- ^ Page 26 Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 12 Archived 2008-06-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 13 Archived 2008-06-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 14 Archived 2008-06-05 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Page 25 Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Page 15 Archived 2008-06-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Deutz (Dalian) Engine Starts Operation Archived 2011-03-12 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Sep 18, 2007
- ^ Page 31 Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b FAW's Xiali Division Launches New C1 Hatchback in Russia Archived 2010-10-05 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jun 11, 2007
- ^ a b FAW Group Tapping Russian Market Archived 2007-07-20 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Mar 28, 2007
- ^ "FAWER Visteon Expands Automotive Climate Systems Manufacturing Operation in Changchun, China". Visteon Corp. 22 June 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
- ^ About FAW > Key Events Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site
- ^ Page 33 Archived 2016-01-14 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ Page 37 Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure
- ^ a b Ready consumer cash fueling robust sales Archived 2011-11-06 at the Wayback Machine chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-25
- ^ a b FAW Builds up Dalian New-energy Bus Plant Archived 2011-07-19 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jun 24, 2009
- ^ Innovation Archived 2009-08-22 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site
- ^
- For FAW-VW production base, see FAW-Volkswagen Launches Second Jetta Production Location Archived 2008-01-08 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jul 30, 2007
- For self-branded production base, see FAW Car's Second Plant Starts Operation Archived 2010-10-31 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jul 21, 2010
- ^ Sichuan FAW-Toyota Relocates Chengdu Plant Archived 2008-07-26 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jul 16, 2008
- ^ FAW Group and VW AG Joint to Build up New Chengdu Plant Archived 2010-01-16 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, May 12, 2009
- ^ a b c Home > About Us > Company Introduction > TOYOTA Motor Co., LTD. Archived 2010-11-08 at the Wayback Machine Tianjin FAW Toyota Official Site
- ^ Tianjin FAW Toyota to Launch New Engine Plant Archived 2008-02-08 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Apr 20, 2007
- ^ New China-made Cars Launch at Egypt Market Archived 2009-07-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jul 3, 2009
- ^ a b c "FAW 50th Anniversary Brochure". Archived from the original on 2011-09-29. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
- ^ FAW Exports 920 Xiali cars to Mexico Archived 2009-07-17 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jun 25, 2009
- ^ "CHINA: SUSTAINING CONFLICT AND HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES: THE FLOW OF ARMS CONTINUES". www.amnesty.org. 10 June 2006. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 2017-02-26.
- ^ "فروش اقساطی کشنده فاو - قیمت کشنده فاو اتاق جدید | محصولات فاو – شرکت سیبا موتور". محصولات فاو - کامیونت فاو (in Persian). 2017-11-28. Retrieved 2020-06-19.
- ^ FAW¡¯s Jiefang Brand Cement Mixers Popular in South Africa Archived 2008-01-08 at the Wayback Machine FAW Official Site, Jun 14, 2007