Epiprocta is one of the two extant suborders of the Odonata, which contains living dragonflies (Anisoptera), as well as Epiophlebioptera, which has a single known living genus Epiophlebia. Crown group Epiprocta first appeared during the Early Jurassic.[1] It was proposed in 1992 by Heinrich Lohmann to accommodate the inclusion of the Anisozygoptera. The latter has been shown to be not a natural suborder, but rather a paraphyletic collection of lineages,[2] so it has been combined with the previous suborder Anisoptera, the well-known dragonflies, into the Epiprocta. The old suborder Anisoptera is proposed to become an infraorder within the Epiprocta, whereas the "anisozygopterans" included here form the infraorder Epiophlebioptera. In Lohmann's original circumscription of the Epiprocta he also included the Tarsophlebiidae in it but Rehn (2003) placed it among the Zygoptera.[3]
| Epiprocta Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
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| Kirby's dropwing (Trithemis kirbyi) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Odonata |
| Suborder: | Epiprocta Lohmann, 1996 |
| Infraorders | |
|
For extinct groups, see text | |
Cladogram of Epiprocta after Rehn et al. 2003:[4]
| Odonata |
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Epiproctophora is used as the clade containing all odonatans living and extinct more closely related to living epiproctans than to damselflies.[5]
Cladogram of Odonata including Epiproctophora by Deregnaucourt et al. 2023.[5]
References
edit- ^ Kohli, Manpreet Kaur; Ware, Jessica L.; Bechly, Günter (2016). "How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates" (PDF). Palaeontologia Electronica. 19 (1): 576. doi:10.26879/576.
- ^ H. Lohmann (1996). "Das phylogenetische System der Anisoptera (Odonata)" [The phylogenetic system of the Anisoptera (Odonata)]. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift (in German). 106 (9): 209–266.
- ^ A. C. Rehn (2003). "Phylogenetic analysis of higher-level relationships of Odonata". Systematic Entomology. 28 (2): 181–240. Bibcode:2003SysEn..28..181R. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x.
- ^ Rehn, Andrew C. (April 2003). "Phylogenetic analysis of higher‐level relationships of Odonata". Systematic Entomology. 28 (2): 181–240. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x. ISSN 0307-6970.
- ^ a b Deregnaucourt, Isabelle; Bardin, Jérémie; Villier, Loïc; Julliard, Romain; Béthoux, Olivier (August 2023). "Disparification and extinction trade-offs shaped the evolution of Permian to Jurassic Odonata". iScience. 26 (8): 107420. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107420. PMC 10424082. PMID 37583549.
External links
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