Encomium

Encomium (pl.: encomia) is a Latin word deriving from the Ancient Greek enkomion (ἐγκώμιον), meaning "the praise of a person or thing."^[1] Another Latin equivalent is laudatio, a speech in praise of someone or something.

Originally was the song sung by the chorus at the κῶμος, or festal procession, held at the Panhellenic Games in honour of the victor, either on the day of his victory or on its anniversary. The word came afterwards to denote any song written in celebration of distinguished persons, and in later times any spoken or written panegyric whatever.^[2]

Encomium also refers to several distinct aspects of rhetoric:

A general category of oratory
A method within rhetorical pedagogy
A figure of speech praising a person or thing, but occurring on a smaller scale than an entire speech
The eighth exercise in the progymnasmata series
A literary genre that included five elements: prologue, birth and upbringing, acts of the person's life, comparisons used to praise the subject, and an epilogue^{[citation needed]}

The basilikos logos (imperial encomium), a formal genre in the Byzantine empire

Examples

Gorgias' famous Encomium of Helen offers several justifications for excusing Helen of Troy's adultery
In Erasmus' In Praise of Folly, Folly composes an encomium to herself
De Pippini regis Victoria Avarica is a medieval encomium of the victory of Pepin of Italy over the Avars
Encomium Emmae Reginae is a medieval encomium of Queen Emma of Normandy
Laudes Mediolanensis civitatis or Versum de Mediolano civitate is a medieval encomium of Milan
Versus de Verona is a medieval encomium of Verona
Polychronion is chanted in the liturgy of Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite
Paul the Apostle uses a kind of encomium in his praise of love, in 1 Corinthians 13; the prologue is verses 1–3, acts are v. 4–7, comparison is v. 8–12, and epilogue is 13:13–14:1.^[3]

References

^ ἐγκώμιον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
^ Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Encomion
^ David E. Garland, Baker Exegetical Commentary, 1 Corinthians, 606, based on the work of Sigountos.

External links

The dictionary definition of encomium at Wiktionary

[1] ἐγκώμιον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project

[2] Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities (1898), Encomion

[3] David E. Garland, Baker Exegetical Commentary, 1 Corinthians, 606, based on the work of Sigountos.

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