List of multilateral free trade agreements

A multilateral free trade agreement is between several countries all treated equally, and creates a free trade area. Every customs union, common market, economic union, customs and monetary union and economic and monetary union is also a free trade area, and are not included below.

World Trade Organization agreements

WTO members and observers:

Members

Members, dually represented by the European Union

Observers

Non-members

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade of 1994
- Agreement on Agriculture
- Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
- Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade
- Agreement on Trade Related Investment Measures
- Agreement on Anti-Dumping
- Agreement on Customs Valuation
- Agreement on Preshipment Inspection
- Agreement on Rules of Origin
- Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures
- Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
- Agreement on Safeguards
- Agreement on Trade Facilitation
General Agreement on Trade in Services
Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
Dispute Settlement Understanding
Trade Policy Review Mechanism
Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft
Agreement on Government Procurement
Arrangement regarding Bovine Meat,^[1] this agreement was terminated end 1997.
International Dairy Agreement, this agreement was terminated end 1997.
Information Technology Agreement
Bali Package

Active agreements

Stages of economic integration around the World (each country colored according to the most integrated multilateral agreement that it participates in):

Economic and monetary union (ECCU/XCD, Eurozone/EUR, Switzerland–Liechtenstein/CHF)

Economic union (CSME, EAEU, EU, GCC, Mercosur, SICA)

Common market (EEA–Switzerland)

Customs and monetary union (CEMAC/XAF, UEMOA/XOF)

Customs union (CAN, EAC, EUCU, SACU)

Multilateral free-trade area (AANZFTA, ASEAN, CEFTA, CISFTA, COMESA, CPTPP, EFTA, GAFTA, PAFTA, RCEP, SADCFTA, SAFTA, USMCA)

European Union Customs Union (EUCU) - 1958
European Free Trade Association (EFTA) - 1960
Andean Community - 1969
Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) - 1975
Southern African Development Community Free Trade Area (SADCFTA) - 1980
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) - 1981
Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) - 1991
ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) - 1992^[2]
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) - 1992^[3]
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) - 1992
Central American Integration System (SICA) - 1993
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) - 1994
European Economic Area (EEA) - 1994
G-3 Free Trade Agreement (G-3) - 1995
International Grains Agreement - 1995
Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) - 1997^[4]
Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (DR-CAFTA) - 2004
South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) - 2004^[5]
East African Community (EAC) - 2005
ASEAN–Australia–New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA) - 2010^[6]
Pacific Alliance Free Trade Area (PAFTA) - 2012^[7]

Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) - 2018
African Continental Free Trade Area^[8] - 2019
United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) - 2020^[9]
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) - 2022

Post-Soviet States only

Commonwealth of Independent States Agreement on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area - Multilateral Free Trade Area established on 24 November 1999 - multilateral free trade regime is in force among 10 countries as of 2023
Eurasian Customs Union of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) - 2010 as EurAsEC Customs Union of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus - 5 countries as of 2023
Commonwealth of Independent States Free Trade Area (CISFTA) - 2011^[10] - among 9 countries as of 2023
GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) FTA^[11]^[12] - unclear application, the WTO was notified in only 2017 - multilateral free trade regime among 4 countries (International Trade Centre says there is no free trade area in operation with distinct rules from an Agreement on Creation of CIS Free Trade Area, was signed on 15 April 1994 by 12 CIS countries.^[13])

Proposed agreements

African Free Trade Zone (AFTZ) between SADC, EAC and COMESA
Arab Maghreb Union (UMA)
Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)
Canada, Australia, New Zealand and United Kingdom Union (CANZUK)
China–Japan–South Korea Free Trade Agreement
Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)
Commonwealth Free Trade Area (CFTA)
Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS)
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)^[14]
Economic Partnership Agreements (EU-ACP)
Euro-Mediterranean free trade area (EU-MEFTA)
Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)
Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific (FTAAP), proposed APEC FTA
Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
Open Balkan
Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations (PACER and PACER Plus)
2021 Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement (PICTA)^[15]
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)^[16]
Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA)
Tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA)^[17]
Union of South American Nations (USAN)
Economic Cooperation Organization Trade Agreement (ECOTA)

Obsolete agreements

International Tin Agreement (1956–1985)
Caribbean Free Trade Association (1968–1974)^[18]
Association of Iron Ore Exporting Countries (1974–1999)^[19]
International Bauxite Association (1974–1992)^[20]
Multi Fibre Arrangement (1974–1994)
North American Free Trade Agreement (1994–2020)^[21]

Abandoned agreement

Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) - signed 2016, signature withdrawn by the United States in 2017 thus rendering the agreement unratifiable.

References

^ "Arrangement regarding Bovine Meat" (PDF). www.wto.org. World Trade Organization. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
^ "Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
^ Last revision from 05/01/2007. |WT/REG233/N/1/Rev.1 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) Archived 18 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine; Revision 01/01/1998 WT/REG223/N/1 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Since 12/07/1995 WT/COMTD/N/26 Archived 18 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Guide to the agreement establishing the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA)". Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
^ "Since 04/05/2011". Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 13 May 2011.
^ Loes Witschge (20 March 2018). "African Continental Free Trade Area: What you need to know". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
^ "US-Canada-Mexico Agreement Revised NAFTA (Full text)". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2018.
^ WT/REG82/N/1
^ "Free Trade Zone in GUAM Area". Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2008.
^ "Organization for Democracy and Economic Development".
^ "Market Access Map".
^ Agreement adopted in 07/24/1993, but not yet implemented. WT/COMTD/N/21 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
^ Signed, but not yet implemented. After entry into force, countries commit to remove tariffs on most goods by 2021.
^ "Central Asian powers agree to pursue free-trade zone". Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2008.
^ "Tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA) | TradeMark SA". Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
^ "The Caribbean Free Trade Association (Carifta)".
^ "Agreement establishing the Association of Iron Ore Exporting Countries (APEF) ATS 37 of 1975 " Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
^ "Agreement establishing the International Bauxite Association (IBA) ATS 38 of 1975 " Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
^ Was effective 01/01/1994 WT/REG4/W/1 Archived 12 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine

External links

bilaterals.org - "Everything that's not happening at the WTO"
fightingftas.org
FTAs submitted to the WTO
World Bank's PTA database to search and compare
Americas FTAs
EU FTAs
EU-ACP countries Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) Negotiations: Where do we stand?
Singapore official FTA site^{[permanent dead link]}
EFTA official site
Australia official FTA site
Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements Notified to the WTO: developed by WorldTradeLaw.net and Bryan Mercurio
ptas.mcgill.ca
TREND-Analytics website - Interactive list of bilateral and multilateral free trade instruments

[1] "Arrangement regarding Bovine Meat" (PDF). www.wto.org. World Trade Organization. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2017.

[2] "Charter of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2018.

[3] Last revision from 05/01/2007. |WT/REG233/N/1/Rev.1 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[4] Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) Archived 18 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine; Revision 01/01/1998 WT/REG223/N/1 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[5] Since 12/07/1995 WT/COMTD/N/26 Archived 18 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[6] "Guide to the agreement establishing the ASEAN-Australia-New Zealand Free Trade Area (AANZFTA)". Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2016.

[7] "Since 04/05/2011". Archived from the original on 22 June 2011. Retrieved 13 May 2011.

[aj-8] Loes Witschge (20 March 2018). "African Continental Free Trade Area: What you need to know". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2018.

[9] "US-Canada-Mexico Agreement Revised NAFTA (Full text)". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2018.

[10] WT/REG82/N/1

[11] "Free Trade Zone in GUAM Area". Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 25 December 2008.

[12] "Organization for Democracy and Economic Development".

[13] "Market Access Map".

[14] Agreement adopted in 07/24/1993, but not yet implemented. WT/COMTD/N/21 Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine

[15] Signed, but not yet implemented. After entry into force, countries commit to remove tariffs on most goods by 2021.

[16] "Central Asian powers agree to pursue free-trade zone". Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2008.

[17] "Tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA) | TradeMark SA". Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2011.

[18] "The Caribbean Free Trade Association (Carifta)".

[19] "Agreement establishing the Association of Iron Ore Exporting Countries (APEF) ATS 37 of 1975 " Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved 15 April 2017.

[20] "Agreement establishing the International Bauxite Association (IBA) ATS 38 of 1975 " Archived 15 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Australasian Legal Information Institute, Australian Treaties Library. Retrieved 15 April 2017.

[21] Was effective 01/01/1994 WT/REG4/W/1 Archived 12 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine

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