Eastern Mediterranean[1][2][3][4] is a loose definition of the eastern approximate half, or third, of the Mediterranean Sea, often defined as the countries around the Levantine Sea.[5]
It typically embraces all of that sea's coastal zones, referring to communities connected with the sea and land greatly climatically influenced. It includes the southern half of Turkey's main region, Anatolia; its smaller Hatay Province; the island of Cyprus; the Greek Dodecanese islands; and the countries of Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon.[6][7][8][9][10]
Its broadest uses can encompass the Libyan Sea (thus Libya), the Aegean Sea (thus European Turkey and the mainland and islands of Greece), and the Ionian Sea (thus southern Albania in Southeastern Europe) and can extend west to Italy's farthest south-eastern coasts. Jordan is climatically and economically part of the region.
Regions
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The eastern Mediterranean region is commonly interpreted in two ways:
- The Levant, including its historically tied neighboring countries, Balkans and islands of Greece.
- The region of Syria with the island of Cyprus (also known as the Levant), Egypt, Greek Dodecanese and Anatolian Turkey.[11]
Countries
editThe countries and territories of the Eastern Mediterranean include Cyprus, Turkey (Anatolia), its smaller Hatay Province, the Greek Dodecanese islands, and the countries of Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Israel, Jordan and Egypt.
North-eastern Mediterranean has been put to print as a term for the Greater Balkans: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece,[8][9] Slovenia, North Macedonia, Serbia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Romania.[7] A five-author statistics-rich study of 2019 has sought to add Moldova and Ukraine beyond, which others link more to the Black Sea's economy and history.[7] The three-word term is mainly a complex euphemism for the Balkan peninsula used by those who stigmatise the word "Balkanisation" and to suggest parallels with other conflicts of the Eastern Mediterranean.[7]
The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean includes the Eastern Mediterranean as well as the other regions of contiguous Afro-Eurasia: West Asia, North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Central Asia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.[12]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Eastern Mediterranean Political Map". National Geographic Store. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 21 February 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
- ^ Gore, Rick (17 October 2002). Clark, Robert (ed.). "Ancient Ashkelon". National Geographic Magazine. National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
- ^ Franks, Tim (6 November 2011). "The state of Israel: Internal influence driving change". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
- ^ Orfalea, Gregory (2006). The Arab Americans: A History. Northampton, MA: Olive Branch Press. p. 249. ISBN 9781566565974.
- ^ "Which Countries Have A Coastline On The Levantine Sea?". WorldAtlas. 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
- ^ The Report: Egypt 2010. Oxford Business Group. ISBN 9781907065170 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c d Brauch, Hans Günter; Liotta, Peter H.; Selim, Mohammad El-Sayed; Rogers, Paul F. (28 September 2018). Security and Environment in the Mediterranean: conceptualising security and environmental conflicts : with 177 figures and 144 tables. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540401070 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Diez, Thomas (28 September 2018). The European Union and the Cyprus Conflict: Modern Conflict, Postmodern Union. Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719060793 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Springer-Verlag (28 September 2018). Mediterranean Climate: Variability and Trends. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540438380 – via Google Books.
- ^ Lucarelli, Sonia; Fioramonti, Lorenzo (16 October 2009). External Perceptions of the European Union as a Global Actor. Routledge. ISBN 9781135239497 – via Google Books.
- ^ "The Growing Alignment Between the Gulf and the Eastern Mediterranean". Middle East Institute. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-08-15.
- ^ Hassan Salah and Michael Kidd. Family Practice in the Eastern Mediterranean Region:Primary Health Care for Universal Health Coverage, CRC Press, April 8, 2019